Organic materials in black liquors of soda-AQ pulping of hot-water-extracted birch (Betula pendula) sawdust

Holzforschung ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Lehto ◽  
Raimo Alén
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hydroxy Acids ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Black Liquors ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment

Abstract The chemical composition of black liquors obtained from the soda-AQ pulping of birch (Betula pendula) sawdust was studied as a function of cooking time, effective alkali content, and hot-water pretreatment of the sawdust prior to delignification. Special attention was paid on the formation of lignin-derived materials and low-molecular-mass carbohydrate-derived degradation products containing aliphatic carboxylic acids. In the case of the hot-water-pretreated feedstock, less acetic acid and formic acid and more nonvolatile hydroxy acids (especially monocarboxylic acids) were obtained. The observations can be interpreted as a result of the extensive removal of hemicelluloses during the hot-water pretreatment.

Organic material dissolved during oxygen-alkali pulping of hot water extracted birch sawdust

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONI LEHTO ◽  
RAIMO ALÉN
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Chemical Pulping ◽  
Black Liquors ◽  
Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Cooking Conditions

Untreated and hot water-treated birch (Betula pendula) sawdust were cooked by the oxygen-alkali method under the same cooking conditions (temperature = 170°C, liquor-to-wood ratio = 5 L/kg, and 19% sodium hydroxide charge on the ovendry sawdust). The pretreatment of feedstock clearly facilitated delignification. After a cooking time of 90 min, the kappa numbers were 47.6 for the untreated birch and 10.3 for the hot water-treated birch. Additionally, the amounts of hydroxy acids in black liquors based on the pretreated sawdust were higher (19.5-22.5g/L) than those in the untreated sawdust black liquors (14.8-15.5 g/L). In contrast, in the former case, the amounts of acetic acid were lower in the pretreated sawdust (13.3-14.8 g/L vs. 16.9-19.1 g/L) because the partial hydrolysis of the acetyl groups in xylan already took place during the hot water extraction of feedstock. The sulfur-free fractions in the pretreatment hydrolysates (mainly carbohydrates and acetic acid) and in black liquors (mainly lignin and aliphatic carboxylic acids) were considered as attractive novel byproducts of chemical pulping.

scholarly journals Integral Analysis of Liquid-Hot-Water Pretreatment of Wheat Straw: Evaluation of the Production of Sugars, Degradation Products, and Lignin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Sebastian Serna-Loaiza ◽  
Manuel Dias ◽  
Laura Daza-Serna ◽  
Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho ◽  
Anton Friedl
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Renewable Feedstock ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment ◽  
Potential Use

Developing sustainable biorefineries is an urgent matter to support the transition to a sustainable society. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is a crucial renewable feedstock for this purpose, and its complete valorization is essential for the sustainability of biorefineries. However, it is improbable that a single pretreatment will extract both sugars and lignin from LCB. Therefore, a combination of pretreatments must be applied. Liquid-hot-water (LHW) is highlighted as a pretreatment for hemicellulose hydrolysis, conventionally analyzed only in terms of sugars and degradation products. However, lignin is also hydrolyzed in the process. The objective of this work was to evaluate LHW at different conditions for sugars, degradation products, and lignin. We performed LHW at 160, 180, and 200 °C for 30, 60, and 90 min using wheat straw and characterized the extract for sugars, degradation products (furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, and acetic acid), and lignin. Three conditions allowed reaching similar total sugar concentrations (~12 g/L): 160 °C for 90 min, 180 °C for 30 min, and 180 °C for 60 min. Among these, LHW performed at 160 °C for 90 min allowed the lowest concentration of degradation products (0.2, 0.01, and 1.4 g/L for furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, and acetic acid, respectively) and lignin hydrolysis (2.2 g/L). These values indicate the potential use of the obtained sugars as a fermentation substrate while leaving the lignin in the solid phase for a following stage focused on its extraction and valorization.

scholarly journals Evaluating polymer interplay after hot water pretreatment to investigate maize stem internode recalcitrance

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Leroy ◽  
Xavier Falourd ◽  
Loïc Foucat ◽  
Valérie Méchin ◽  
Fabienne Guillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Condensed State ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Biomass recalcitrance is governed by various molecular and structural factors but the interplay between these multiscale factors remains unclear. In this study, hot water pretreatment (HWP) was applied to maize stem internodes to highlight the impact of the ultrastructure of the polymers and their interactions on the accessibility and recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic biomass. The impact of HWP was analysed at different scales, from the polymer ultrastructure or water mobility to the cell wall organisation by combining complementary compositional, spectral and NMR analyses. Results HWP increased the kinetics and yield of saccharification. Chemical characterisation showed that HWP altered cell wall composition with a loss of hemicelluloses (up to 45% in the 40-min HWP) and of ferulic acid cross-linking associated with lignin enrichment. The lignin structure was also altered (up to 35% reduction in β–O–4 bonds), associated with slight depolymerisation/repolymerisation depending on the length of treatment. The increase in $${T}_{1\rho }^{H}$$ T 1 ρ H , $${T}_{HH}$$ T HH and specific surface area (SSA) showed that the cellulose environment was looser after pretreatment. These changes were linked to the increased accessibility of more constrained water to the cellulose in the 5–15 nm pore size range. Conclusion The loss of hemicelluloses and changes in polymer structural features caused by HWP led to reorganisation of the lignocellulose matrix. These modifications increased the SSA and redistributed the water thereby increasing the accessibility of cellulases and enhancing hydrolysis. Interestingly, lignin content did not have a negative impact on enzymatic hydrolysis but a higher lignin condensed state appeared to promote saccharification. The environment and organisation of lignin is thus more important than its concentration in explaining cellulose accessibility. Elucidating the interactions between polymers is the key to understanding LB recalcitrance and to identifying the best severity conditions to optimise HWP in sustainable biorefineries.

scholarly journals Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis as a Valorization Route of Italian Green Pepper Waste to Delivery Free Sugars

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1640
Author(s):  
M.A. Martín-Lara ◽  
L. Chica-Redecillas ◽  
A. Pérez ◽  
G. Blázquez ◽  
G. Garcia-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment

In this work, liquid hot water pretreatment (autohydrolysis) was used to improve enzymatic hydrolysis of a commonly consumed vegetable waste in Spain, Italian green pepper, to finally produce fermentable sugars. Firstly, the effect of temperature and contact time on sugar recovery during pretreatment (in insoluble solid and liquid fraction) was studied in detail. Then, enzymatic hydrolysis using commercial cellulase was performed with the insoluble solid resulting from pretreatment. The objective was to compare results with and without pretreatment. The results showed that the pretreatment step was effective to facilitate the sugars release in enzymatic hydrolysis, increasing the global sugar yield. This was especially notable when pretreatment was carried out at 180 °C for 40 min for glucose yields. In these conditions a global glucose yield of 61.02% was obtained. In addition, very low concentrations of phenolic compounds (ranging from 69.12 to 82.24 mg/L) were found in the liquid fraction from enzymatic hydrolysis, decreasing the possibility of fermentation inhibition produced by these components. Results showed that Italian green pepper is an interesting feedstock to obtain free sugars and prevent the enormous quantity of this food waste discarded annually.

Optimizing Liquid Hot Water pretreatment conditions to enhance sugar recovery from wheat straw for fuel-ethanol production

Fuel ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 3640-3647 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Pérez ◽  
I. Ballesteros ◽  
M. Ballesteros ◽  
F. Sáez ◽  
M.J. Negro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Fuel Ethanol ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sugar Recovery ◽  
Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment

scholarly journals Improvement of sugar yields from corn stover using sequential hot water pretreatment and disk milling

2016 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Min Kim ◽  
Bruce S. Dien ◽  
M.E. Tumbleson ◽  
Kent D. Rausch ◽  
Vijay Singh
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment

scholarly journals Does Acid Addition Improve Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass towards Biohydrogen and Biogas Production?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8935 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Dimitrellos ◽  
Gerasimos Lyberatos ◽  
Georgia Antonopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Acid Addition ◽  
Water Pretreatment ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Potential Inhibitors ◽  
Hot Water Pretreatment

The effect of liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment with or without acid addition (A-LHW) on the production of hydrogen—through dark fermentation (DF)—and methane—through anaerobic digestion (AD)—using three different lignocellulosic biomass types (sunflower straw (SS), grass lawn (GL), and poplar sawdust (PS)) was investigated. Both pretreatment methods led to hemicellulose degradation, but A-LHW resulted in the release of more potential inhibitors (furans and acids) than the LHW pretreatment. Biological hydrogen production (BHP) of the cellulose-rich solid fractions obtained after LHW and A-LHW pretreatment was enhanced compared to the untreated substrates. Due to the release of inhibitory compounds, LHW pretreatment led to higher biochemical methane potential (BMP) than A-LHW pretreatment when both separated fractions (liquid and solid) obtained after pretreatments were used for AD. The recovered energy in the form of methane with LHW pretreatment was 8.4, 12.5, and 7.5 MJ/kg total solids (TS) for SS, GL, and PS, respectively.

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