scholarly journals Detection of follicular regions in actin-stained whole slide images of the human lymph node by shock filter

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Wurzel ◽  
Jörg Ackermann ◽  
Hendrik Schäfer ◽  
Sonja Scharf ◽  
Martin-Leo Hansmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Shock Filter ◽  
Transition Points ◽  
Whole Slide Images

Abstract Human lymph nodes play a central part of immune defense against infection agents and tumor cells. Lymphoid follicles are compartments of the lymph node which are spherical, mainly filled with B cells. B cells are cellular components of the adaptive immune systems. In the course of a specific immune response, lymphoid follicles pass different morphological differentiation stages. The morphology and the spatial distribution of lymphoid follicles can be sometimes associated to a particular causative agent and development stage of a disease. We report our new approach for the automatic detection of follicular regions in histological whole slide images of tissue sections immuno-stained with actin. The method is divided in two phases: (1) shock filter-based detection of transition points and (2) segmentation of follicular regions. Follicular regions in 10 whole slide images were manually annotated by visual inspection, and sample surveys were conducted by an expert pathologist. The results of our method were validated by comparing with the manual annotation. On average, we could achieve a Zijbendos similarity index of 0.71, with a standard deviation of 0.07.

scholarly journals Predicting gastric cancer outcome from resected lymph node histopathology images using deep learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Wang ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yunshu Gao ◽  
Huiqing Zhang ◽  
Zehui Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Prognostic Assessment ◽  
N Stage ◽  
Cancer Outcome ◽  
Whole Slide Images

AbstractN-staging is a determining factor for prognostic assessment and decision-making for stage-based cancer therapeutic strategies. Visual inspection of whole-slides of intact lymph nodes is currently the main method used by pathologists to calculate the number of metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs). Moreover, even at the same N stage, the outcome of patients varies dramatically. Here, we propose a deep-learning framework for analyzing lymph node whole-slide images (WSIs) to identify lymph nodes and tumor regions, and then to uncover tumor-area-to-MLN-area ratio (T/MLN). After training, our model’s tumor detection performance was comparable to that of experienced pathologists and achieved similar performance on two independent gastric cancer validation cohorts. Further, we demonstrate that T/MLN is an interpretable independent prognostic factor. These findings indicate that deep-learning models could assist not only pathologists in detecting lymph nodes with metastases but also oncologists in exploring new prognostic factors, especially those that are difficult to calculate manually.

scholarly journals A MOUSE B-CELL ALLOANTIGEN DETERMINED BY GENE(S) LINKED TO THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX

1973 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1289-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Sachs ◽  
James L. Cone
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

Antibodies cytotoxic for only a subpopulation of C57Bl/10 lymph node and spleen cells were detected when rat antiserum against B10.D2 was exhaustively absorbed with B10.A lymphocytes. Antibodies of similar specificity were also detected in B10.A anti-B10.D2 and in B10.A anti-C57Bl/10 alloantisera. Reactions with recombinant strains of mice indicate that the cell-surface antigen(s) responsible for this specificity is determined by gene(s) in or to the left of the Ir-1 region of the major histocompatibility complex. A variety of criteria implicate B cells as the subpopulation of lymphocytes bearing this antigen. In view of these data and the recent report by others of a T-cell alloantigen determined by gene(s) in the major histocompatibility complex, it seems possible that there may be a variety of H-2-linked alloantigens expressed preferentially on subclasses of lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Induction of proliferation and blast transformation by interferon in human malignant and non-malignant lymph node B cells

Blood ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2171-2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ostlund ◽  
P Biberfeld ◽  
KH Robert ◽  
B Christensson ◽  
S Einhorn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blast Transformation ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Malignant Lymph Nodes ◽  
In Cells

Abstract The influence of interferon (IFN) on cellular proliferation, blast transformation, and differentiation was studied in lymph node cells from 17 patients with B-cell lymphomas, one patient with T-cell lymphoma, and eight patients with enlarged, non-malignant lymph nodes. The effects of IFN on lymph node cells were compared with effects on mononuclear blood cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients and healthy donors. Natural IFN-alpha (nIFN-alpha) induced a proliferative response in cells from seven of 17 of the B-cell lymphomas, in two of eight of the non-malignant lymph nodes, and in lymphoid blood cells from two of 32 CLL patients. With few exceptions, the proliferating cells were B cells and the data suggest that IFN acts directly on the B cells. Proliferation was not induced with IFN in cells from the T-cell lymphoma or in mononuclear blood cells from 13 healthy donors. nIFN-alpha induced blast transformation in cells from ten of 14 of the B-cell lymphomas and in four of seven of the non- malignant lymph nodes. Also beta- and gamma-IFN were shown to induce proliferation and blast transformation in lymph node cells from some patients. No major effect on the expression of various differentiation markers could be observed following culture in the presence of nIFN- alpha. We conclude that IFNs can induce proliferation and blast transformation in malignant and non-malignant B cells from lymph nodes.

scholarly journals Coordinated Regulation of Lymph Node Vascular–Stromal Growth First by CD11c+ Cells and Then by T and B Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 (11) ◽  
pp. 5558-5567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Chyou ◽  
Fairouz Benahmed ◽  
Jingfeng Chen ◽  
Varsha Kumar ◽  
Sha Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Cells ◽  
T And B Cells ◽  
Coordinated Regulation

scholarly journals Subcapsular encounter and complement-dependent transport of immune complexes by lymph node B cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 992-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Giang Phan ◽  
Irina Grigorova ◽  
Takaharu Okada ◽  
Jason G Cyster
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Dependent Transport

scholarly journals Specific In Vivo Deletion of B-Cell Subpopulations Expressing Human Immunoglobulins by the B-Cell Superantigen Protein L

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 3515-3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Viau ◽  
Nancy S. Longo ◽  
Peter E. Lipsky ◽  
Lars Björck ◽  
Moncef Zouali
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Protein L ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Marginal Zone B Cells ◽  
Human Immunoglobulins ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
B Cell Subsets

ABSTRACT Some pathogens have evolved to produce proteins, called B-cell superantigens, that can interact with human immunoglobulin variable regions, independently of the combining site, and activate B lymphocytes that express the target immunoglobulins. However, the in vivo consequences of these interactions on human B-cell numbers and function are largely unknown. Using transgenic mice expressing fully human immunoglobulins, we studied the consequences of in vivo exposure of protein L of Peptostreptococcus magnus with human immunoglobulins. In the mature pool of B cells, protein L exposure resulted in a specific reduction of splenic marginal-zone B cells and peritoneal B-1 cells. Splenic B cells exhibited a skewed light-chain repertoire consistent with the capacity of protein L to bind specific kappa gene products. Remarkably, these two B-cell subsets are implicated in innate B-cell immunity, allowing rapid clearance of pathogens. Thus, the present study reveals a novel mechanism that may be used by some infectious agents to subvert a first line of the host's immune defense.

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