scholarly journals Marriage Capacity, Social Values and Law-Making Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi Joamets
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Law Making ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This article explores capacity to marry in depth, beyond the literal statements presented by legal acts in Estonia. Th e discussion will be focusing on answering the following questions: What is the nature of marriage capacity and how it has been developed in Estonia? What are the values that the Estonian Family Law Act (2010) protects when regulating marriage capacity? In addition a brief comparative analysis will seek to explain how different regulations of the EU member states on the same matter (marriage capacity) are. Th is can also help discussions on whether is it justified to talk about cultural differences of EU member states in the context of marriage capacity or not.

The EU greenhouse gas inventory for the LULUCF sector: I. Overview and comparative analysis of methods used by EU member states

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 247-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viorel NB Blujdea ◽  
Raúl Abad Viñas ◽  
Sandro Federici ◽  
Giacomo Grassi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventory ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals (In)effective planning capacity of CSDP missions: Comparative analysis of EULEX Kosovo and EUFOR Althea

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Boštjancic-Pulko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Planning Capacity ◽  
The Eu

This paper evaluates the planning capacity of two Common Security and Defence (CSDP) missions (EULEX Kosovo and EUFOR Althea) in order to assess the effectiveness of CSDP planning process. Both missions suffer due to partial interests within the EU and low positioning of CSDP on political agendas of the member states. Compared to NATO, EU missions' political control is more much detailed once the mission is deployed. CSDP planning architecture has been considerably reformed since the inception of the first missions in 2003, however the supervision by the member states is still present in all phases of restructuring and implementation. EULEX planning process includes a well elaborated lessons learnt process, however the implementation of the findings on the operational level is rather weak whereas EUFOR Althea profited mostly from the access to NATO planning assets. CSDP missions are political missions and their effectiveness seems to be of secondary importance to the EU member states.

Comparative assessment of structural indicators of Ukraine industry and the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2(13)) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ishchuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Structural Indicators ◽  
The Eu

A comparative analysis of the structural advantages of the industry of Ukraine and the EU member states in terms of the share of industry in: output of the economy, gross value added of the economy, exports of airborne vehicles, as well as the efficiency indicator (the share of airborne emissions in the industry). The place of Ukraine among EU member states is determined on the set of relative and absolute indicators of functioning of the industrial sector of the economy. A detailed comparative estimation of the structure of the airborne assets of the industry of Ukraine and Poland was conducted.

scholarly journals The Influence of Tax Rates for the Groundwater Extraction to the Ecological Status of Water Bodies in the EU Countries

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Groundwater Extraction ◽  
Member States ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

Purpose. To analyze the relationship between the ecological status of water bodies and the size of the tax rate for groundwater extraction. Methods. A complex of general scientific methods of research was used. In particular, a comparative analysis of the level of tax rates for the extraction of groundwater in the EU member states. Results. A comparative analysis of the level of tax rates for groundwater extraction in the EU member states has been made.The issue of allocating state income from rent payments for groundwater extraction has been investigated. It has been established that the cost of rent payments from groundwater extraction is usually attributed to: general taxation (Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany), water resources management (France), fund for the protection and restoration of groundwater (Belgium, Germany), expenditure on water resources (provinces in the Netherlands, Australia).The modern ecological status of water objects of EU countries has been studied. It has been established that rent payments for groundwater extraction in the EU member states vary considerably. The smallest are observed in the post-Soviet area (Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania). The highest tax, among the countries under study, in Denmark. Denmark is leading the quality indicators of underground and surface waters. 70-90% of water bodies in Denmark have a good ecological status.Conclusions.It has been practically proved that the high tax rate for the extraction of groundwater does not solve environmental problems. The experience of European countries shows that the improvement of the ecological status of water objects is possible by budget allocations from the extraction of groundwater to the management and protection of water resources.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Energy Dependence of the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Svetla Boneva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Energy Dependency ◽  
The Eu

The main objective of the research paper is to accomplish a comparative analysis of the energy dependence of the EU member states. This objective is de-composited in several sub-objectives: First, to make a short literature review and a summary of the main ideas concerning energy dependence; Second, to clarify the methodology used for analysis of the energy dependence of the EU. Third, to analyze the nominal energy dependency of the EU, as well as the Union energy dependency by energy types.Fourth, to analyze the energy intensity of the economy of the European Union countries. The research and analytical methods used for the development of the paper involve comparative analysis of the available data on energy security indicators, graphical and table presentation of statistical and empirical data and survey of available legal and analytical research on the topic. Entirely secondary data sources have been used in the research. The research results comprise: - the introduction of two new concepts as a result of the analysis – the nominal energy dependency and the real energy dependency; - the construction of an energy dependency classifying scheme for the European Union member states;- the construction of an classification grid of the energy dependence of the EU member states by energy type. The research results present the author contribution to the research field of energy dependency. They add value not only in analytical terms but also pave the road for formulating further ideas and evidence-based recommendations on policy measures.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Energy Dependence of the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Svetla Boneva
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Dependence ◽  
Research Field ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Energy Dependency ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The main objective of the research paper is to accomplish a comparative analysis of the energy dependence of the EU member states. This objective is de-composited in several sub-objectives: First, to make a short literature review and a summary of the main ideas concerning energy dependence; Second, to clarify the methodology used for analysis of the energy dependence of the EU. Third, to analyze the nominal energy dependency of the EU, as well as the Union energy dependency by energy types.Fourth, to analyze the energy intensity of the economy of the European Union countries. The research and analytical methods used for the development of the paper involve comparative analysis of the available data on energy security indicators, graphical and table presentation of statistical and empirical data and survey of available legal and analytical research on the topic. Entirely secondary data sources have been used in the research. The research results comprise: - the introduction of two new concepts as a result of the analysis - the nominal energy dependency and the real energy dependency; - the construction of an energy dependency classifying scheme for the European Union member states; - the construction of an classification grid of the energy dependence of the EU member states by energy type. The research results present the author contribution to the research field of energy dependency. They add value not only in analytical terms but also pave the road for formulating further ideas and evidence-based recommendations on policy measures.

scholarly journals Why the EU-15 Maintains Higher CIT Rates than the New Member States?

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-120
Author(s):  
Andrzej Karpowicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The European Union is not a homogenous area. This lack of homogeneity extends to taxes, which vary across jurisdictions. On average, Western Europe imposes significantly higher taxes on capital than New Member States, which joined the Community in 2004 and 2007. Often this fact is simply taken for granted. However, there are several arguments that can explain this variance. Although several of these arguments are well known and have been researched, they have not been assessed in combination, or used in a comparative analysis of corporate income tax (CIT) rates between EU member states. Because of interest in harmonizing CIT throughout the EU, the roots of divergent CIT is of particular and timely value. Therefore, this article we attempts to demonstrate the differences in CIT rates in the EU-15 and New Member States. In so doing the general characteristics of these country grouping is identified, and then discussed in the context of the taxation theory.

Policy instruments for soil protection among the EU member states: A comparative analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 763-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ronchi ◽  
Stefano Salata ◽  
Andrea Arcidiacono ◽  
Erika Piroli ◽  
Luca Montanarella
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu
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