Three Unpublished Scrolls Attesting to Pilgrimages to Mecca and Medina (16th century)

Der Islam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-245
Author(s):  
Sergio Carro Martín
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Material Characteristics ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Diagrammatic Representations ◽  
The City ◽  
Holy City

Abstract This article presents the edition of three unpublished 16th-century scrolls preserved in the Palau Ribes Collection (Barcelona) that contain diagrammatic representations of the holy places of Mecca and Medina. One of them certifies the fulfillment of the major (ḥajj) and minor (ʿumra) pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca on behalf of a little girl, in what appears to be a certificate reused by removing the names of the original parties. The other two documents extoll the city of Medina and the Prophet Muḥammad, as part of the pious visit to his tomb (ziyāra) carried out by individuals who are not mentioned by name. In addition, the three documents share the same material characteristics, and present textual structures that suggest they were mass-produced models. They therefore constitute three case studies evidencing a significant shift in the production of Islamic certificates of pilgrimage, and can thus help expand our knowledge of the ritual itself.

scholarly journals Pop-up landscape architecture in Ho Chi Minh City: Cases of creating livable city for all

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Anh Viet Vu ◽  
Thi Ai Thuy Pham ◽  
Tu Pham
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Innovative Thinking ◽  
The City

The pop-up architecture (or landscape architecture) becomes popular nowadays. Some highlights include annual architecture program such as the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion at Hyde Park, London; MPavilion in Melbourne; MoMA PS1 and Heart Sculpture in New York. Many of these pop-up architectural works have been designed by world renowned architects, such as Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas, Hezorg and de Meuron, Jean Nouvel, Toyo Ito, SANAA, Shigeru Ban, BIG, etc. And many of these designs reflect innovative thinking that changes the professional world of architectural design. But above all, these pop-up architectures were created in responsive manner to the urban community and the community controversially has good response to this type of architecture. In the other words, pop-up architecture is the way the architects touch the heartbeat of the cities, make them livable for all. Ho Chi Minh City has its own types of pop-up landscape architecture, whereas this paper intends to explore in two case studies: Nguyen Hue Floral Boulevard and Nguyen Van Binh Book Street. Nguyen Hue Floral Street is celebrating now its twelfth birthday in the city. Nguyen Van Binh Book Street has just passed its first anniversary in 2017. Both cases live its own story behind the scene about how livable a city could be through place-making by architecture and landscape design. Throughout these cases, we would like to find out how this type of pop-up landscape architecture being realized and become popular in Ho Chi Minh City, and how it is devoted to a livable city for all.

COMMUNAL STRIFE IN LATE MAMLŪK JERUSALEM

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald P. Litile
Keyword(s):  
Political Stability ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Special Character ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Mamluk Period ◽  
The City

In Muslim histories of the Mamlūk period little attention is given to the affairs of minority communities unless these were in conflict with dominant Muslim interests and posed a threat to social and political stability. This in general is true of Mujīr al-Dīn al-'Ulaymī's work on the merits of Jerusalem for Muslims, al-Uns al-Jalīl bi-Ta'rīkh al-Quds wa' 1-Khalīl. Nevertheless, thanks to the special character of the book and the author's militantly Ḥanbalī outlook, al-Uns covers in exceptional detail several episodes involving communal strife in the city under Mamlūk rule, most notably two disputes over holy places, one involving Muslims and Jews, the other, Muslims and Christians. Examination of these complex disputes shows how the Mamlūk judicial system succeeded in adjudicating them through legal institutions and in accordance with legal principles.

scholarly journals Displaying and Celebrating the "Other": A Study of the Mission, Scope, and Roles of Ethnic Museums in Los Angeles

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris ◽  
Carl Grodach
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

In the last thirty years, ethnic museums have mushroomed in American cities. Although this is certainly a national phenomenon, it has been particularly evident in Los Angeles. In this paper we examine the genesis and evolution of these emerging institutions. We survey the mission, scope, and role of ethnic museums in Los Angeles, and we contrast them with the stated mission and scope of "mainstream" museums in the city. We further present case studies of three Los Angeles ethnic museums. The museums vary considerably in the ways they perceive their role in the community, the city, and the nation and in the preservation and display of ethnic culture. At their best, ethnic museums serve to make new art and histories more accessible and visible and provide a forum in which to debate contemporary issues of politics and identity. The paper highlights some of the tensions faced by ethnic museums as they seek to define their audience and role(s) in multi-ethnic, twenty-first century Los Angeles.

'de beste Schilders van het gantsche Nederlandt' Karel van Mander en het Haarlemse cultuurbeleid 1603-1606

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truus Van Bueren
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
City Council ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Art Policy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The City

AbstractKarel van Mander's Schilder-Boeck was published in 1604. During this period the Haarlem city council was pursuing an active cultural policy in which painting played a central role. In 1603, the porter at the Prinscnhof was instructed not to refuse admission to people who wanted to view the paintings and other objects of art housed there. That same year Hendrik Goltzius, Cornelis van Haarlem and Hendrik Vroom were commissioned to paint pictures of their own choice to commemmorate their art. The paintings were to hang in the Prinsenhof. In 1605 the council cndcavoured to ensure the city's claim to a number of paintings from the Jansklooster. This monastery, unlike others in Haarlem, had not been seized when the city became Protestant. The monks were allowed to keep their property until the last one died, but not to adopt any more monks. In 1605 the council demanded an inventory of the immovables and of the paintings too. The majority of the paintings in the inventory, which was supplied a year later, proved to be the work of highly esteemed artists. Although by no means all the art in the monasterey was listed, the city council did not protest. The intention had simply been to secure the important paintings with a view to placing in the Prinsenhof when the time came. Karel van Mander and his friends Cornelis van Haarlem and Hendrik Goltzius undoubtedly contributed to the creation of a climate in which such an art policy was feasible. Van Mander had spent years preparing his Schilder-Boeck, and had paid a great deal of attention to Haarlem painting. In his efforts to gather information the had established numerous contacts. He had carefully described he paintings in the Prinsenhof, and had also seen works by Haarlem painters belonging to private individuals. One such man was Gerrit Willemsz. van Schoterbosch, a burgomaster who had been on the council when that body commissioned Cornelis van Haarlem to make four paintings for the Prinsenhof during the last decade of the 16th century, and also during the period discussed here, 1603-1605. What were the aims of the city council in pursuing this cultural policy? There are two possibilities, both of which are encountered in the Schilder-Boeck. Van Mander wanted to elevate painting to a higher status than a craft. In his praise of painting he therefore dwelt at length on art lovers who collected paintings for art's sake. May not the city council have desired to assemble such a collection? If so, something very special was happening in Haarlem. Perhaps there is more to be said for the other possibility, to which Van Mander also refers: the council could have enlisted the Haarlem painters to sing the praises of the city.

scholarly journals Globalisation, diversity and “new” creative classes in Lisbon: the ethnocultural economy and the rise of an ethnocultural production system

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lima Costa
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Production System ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

Globalisation and the intensification of migratory flows have favoured an increase in new forms of cultural expression, which represent an asset of significant economic and cultural value for the city of Lisbon. In the light of this process, and on the basis of our analytical proposal of an ethnocultural production system (EPS), it was possible to study how the articulation of various processes (economic, cultural and political) that occur and interact in the EPS help to support the appearance of new ethnically oriented markets (EOMs). Making comparisons with the empirical studies carried out (two questionnaires, one each onethnocultural supply and demand, and two ethnographical case studies, one in the area of Martim Moniz in Lisbon, and the other in the Cova da Moura neighbourhood in the Municipality of Amadora), we show, on the one hand, how an ethnocultural economy (EE) emerges in connection with the migratory flows mentioned and, on the other hand, what the important processes and actors are.

scholarly journals Una tragedia cinquecentesca italo-spagnola: La Reyna Matilda di Giovan Domenico Bevilacqua

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Renzo Cremante
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

The subject of the intervention, a curious example of Italian-Spanish translingualism of the late 16th Century, the tragedy La Reyna Matilda, written in Naples in Spanish by an Italian writer, Giovanni Domenico Bevilacqua, secretary of the Prince of Conca, Matteo di Capua, and preserved in a single, very rare Neapolitan edition of 1597. It necessarily precedes a brief overview of the other few previously printed works by the author, all in Italian, including the renown octave-rhyme translation of the De raptu Proserpinae by Claudiano. Set in the city of Tarragona at the time of Reconquista, the fabula ficta is characterized by the contamination of tragic plot and novelistic themes, the representation and exaltation of Spanish values and customs, with some reflections of contemporary Neapolitan reality, the pietistic and edifying motivations. Through detailed findings, both formal and intertextual, the analysis focuses, in particular, on the debts that the tragedy has, even before the contemporary Spanish developments of the genre, towards the 16th Century Italian tragic grammar, along the entire arc of its codification, from Trissino’s Sofonisba to Tasso’s Re Torrismondo.

scholarly journals To the Question of Relationships of Representatives of the Sheybanid Dynasty with the Leaders of the Sufi Brotherhood of Maverannahr (1534-1598)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (26)) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Lutfullo E. Ismoilov ◽  
Jazgul R. Rahimova
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Political Center ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The City

The purpose of this article is to show the complex relationship of the Sheybanid rulers with the local Maverannahr Sufi brotherhoods - naqshbandiya, kubraviya and jahriya (yassaviya). The main materials for this study were information from Persian-language sources and Muslim hagiographic writings ( manakib ) of that period. The second generation of the Sheybanids, whose representatives came to power in the middle 30s of the 16th century, unlike their predecessors, sought to establish trusting relations with the leaders of the various Sufi brotherhoods of Maverannahr. After the death of the great Khan Kuchkunji Khan (died in 1534), Ubaidulla (died in 1540), whose residence was in Bukhara, became the new great khan of nomadic Uzbeks. He maintained close relations with such well-known leaders of the Sufi brotherhoods of that period as the leader of the naqshbandi brotherhood - Khoja Ahmad Kosoni (died in 1549), the leader of the kubraviya brotherhood - Sheikh Hussein Khorezmi (died in 1551), etc. In the other large political center of Maverannahr - Samarkand, after the death of Kuchkunji Khan, his sons Abu Said Khan and Fulad Sultan became co-rulers of the city. They established very close relations with prominent Sufi leaders. In the 50-60s of the 16th century, due to the political ambitions of a new generation of Sheybanids, the country plunged into political chaos and a state of instability. Almost all famous Sufi leaders of that period supported the claims of Sheibanid Abdullah Khan II (died 1598) on the Khan’s throne.

scholarly journals THE FINENESS OF RIGA SCHILLINGS UNDER POLISH RULE (1581-1621)

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Viktors Dāboliņš
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Quality Issue ◽  
Small Change ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City ◽  
Common Understanding

The aim of study. The paper discusses the change of the silver proof of Riga schillings in the so-called Polish times. According to the Corpus privilegiorum Stepheneum (14 January 1581), Riga was confirmed minting rights, which however prescribed changes in coin design and fineness: on the one side coins had to bear the insignia of the Commonwealth and on the other side the coat of arms of the City; coins had to be of the same fineness and weight as the Polish and Lithuanian coinage so that there were no difference in their usage. Research methodology. Methods of analysis, classification, generalization and statistical methods were used to obtain the tasks set in the work. Riga schillings are arguably among the most widely studied and well-known coinages of the city mint of Riga, the capital of modern Latvia. In 1582 the first Polish style shilling was minted in Riga. Starting with 1588 shillings and 3-groschen coins (dreyer) were produced in the name of Sigismund III. Carrying almost all the same visual attributes as the coins of Stephan Bathory. From the late 16th century until the mid-17th century the production of this northernmost situated mint occupied a dominant role in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth market of small change. This has been suggested by the various archaeological data offered by Polish numismatists. Despite the fact that Riga schillings have been a subject of research over the last century, to this day scholars have not reached common understanding on the quality issue of the schillings. As is evident Baltic and Polish numismatists have disagreements about metrological terms of the early Commonwealth schillings. Scientific novelty. In an attempt to clear up some of the problems, three legislative sources will be paid special attention: ordinances of the Warsaw Sejm 1579/80 and the ordinances of the Monetary Commissions of Warsaw from 1604 and 1616. The Conclusions. This article argues that the Riga schillings were minted accordingly to the mint order, however from 1604 Riga (and Lithuanian) schillings deviated from the Polish schillings as they were minted of higher minting standard..

scholarly journals Iuramentum na inaugurację władzy w mieście średniowiecznym. Przykład Krakowa

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-352
Author(s):  
Patrycja Wiencierz
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
City Council ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
New Members ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Municipal Workers ◽  
Orderly Fashion ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

The article is devoted to the oaths related to the inauguration of the authorities in medieval Cracow. The paper is mainly based on Cracow’s two municipal codes: the Grabowski Codex (from the 14th and the 15th century) and the Balthasar Behem Codex (from the beginning of the 16th century).The oath played an enormous part in the legal and social relations in the Old Polish period. Cracow’s burghers took an oath of homage (Latin homagium) to every single Polish monarch. Moreover, the clerks, municipal workers and craftsmen yearly pledged their allegiance to the city and took a vow to diligently perform their professional duties. The Grabowski Codex contains oaths (Latin iuramenta) which were written down chaotically for about two centuries. Consequently, it allows one to follow even minor changes in the content of the vows which highlights the significance of the contents of theoath themselves. On the other hand, the Balthasar Behem Code, which was a dignified book and a municipal insignia (Latin insignium), gathered the contemporary oaths in an orderly fashion. As a consequence, it outlines the hierarchy of the municipal clerks and institutions. This further emphasizes the huge importance of a municipal scribe whose oath is inscribed right after the pledge of the town council which was the main municipal institution in town. This paper also undertakes the topic of the elections of new people to perform various functions, pinpoints the dates of these nominations and it outlines the issue of the ceremonies which accompany them. At the same time, it emphasizes the splendour connected with the election of new members of the city council.

Pengaruh Kotbah, Musik Gereja Dan Fasilitas Gereja Terhadap Tingkat Kehadiran Jemaat

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Frederich Oscar Lontoh
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Church Music ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Target Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The City

This research is titled " The influence of sermon, church music and church facilities on the level of attendance”. The purpose of research is to identify and analyze whether sermon, church music and church facilities have influence on the the level of attendance. The target population in this study is a Christian church members who live in the city of Surabaya.. Sample required is equal to 47 respondents. Through sampling stratified Random techniques.These influence was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis, t-test and analysis of variance. Descriptive  analysis  were taken to analyze the level of attendance according to demographic groups.The hypothesis in this study are the sermon, church music and church facilities have positive and significant on the level of attendance. The results showed that collectively, there are positive and significant correlation among the sermon, church music and church facilities on the level of attendance  96,2%. It means that 96,2 % of level of attendance influenced by sermon, church music and church facilities and the other 28,9% by others. All of the variable partially have significant correlation to level of attendance.

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