Spreading the standard:The nineteenth-century standardization of Icelandic and the first Icelandic novel

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-176
Author(s):  
Haraldur Bernharðsson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Love Story ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Literary Innovation ◽  
Linguistic Models

AbstractA literary standard for Icelandic was created in the nineteenth century. The main architects of this standard were scholars of Old Norse-Icelandic language and literature who turned to the language of the medieval Icelandic literature for linguistic models. Consequently, the resulting standard included a number of features from earlier stages of the language. This standard was successfully implemented despite the relatively weak institutional infrastructure in nineteenth-century Iceland. It is argued in this paper that the first Icelandic novel, Piltur og stúlka, appearing in 1850 and again in a revised edition in 1867, played an important role in spreading the standard. The novel championed the main ideological tenets of the prevailing language policy, and at the same time it was a showcase for the new standard. A rural love story set in contemporary Iceland, the novel was a welcome literary innovation. Most importantly, the subject matter appealed to children and adolescents in their formative years, and the novel thus became a powerful and persuasive vehicle for the new linguistic standard.

العربية المقاربة المقاصديّة في ردّ ابن فودي على القادح في جلستهم الدعويّة

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alawiye Abdulmumin Abdurrazzaq ◽  
Ahmad Wifaq Mokhtar ◽  
Abdul Manan Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Subject

This article is aimed to examine the extent of the application of Islamic legal objectives by Sheikh Abdullah bn Fudi in his rejoinder against one of their contemporary scholars who accused them of being over-liberal about the religion. He claimed that there has been a careless intermingling of men and women in the preaching and counselling gathering they used to hold, under the leadership of Sheikh Uthman bn Fudi (the Islamic reformer of the nineteenth century in Nigeria and West Africa). Thus, in this study, the researchers seek to answer the following interrogations: who was Abdullah bn Fudi? who was their critic? what was the subject matter of the criticism? How did the rebutter get equipped with some guidelines of higher objectives of Sharĩʻah in his rejoinder to the critic? To this end, this study had tackled the questions afore-stated by using inductive, descriptive and analytical methods to identify the personalities involved, define and analyze some concepts and matters considered as the hub of the study.

Perpindahan dan Perubahan : Transportasi dalam Struktur Naratif Riwayat Perjalanan ke Amerika di Era Viktorian

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ari J. Adipurwawijdana
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Henry James ◽  
World View ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Travel Narrative ◽  
Infrastructure System ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRAKRiwayat yang disajikan penulis Britania era Viktorian tentang perjalannnya ke Amerikamengasumsikan adanya sebuah jaringan prasarana transportasi. Sistem transportasiterkait dengan riwayat perjalanan (travel narrative) dalam tiga hal, yaitu (1) sebagaibasis material bagi perjalanan, (2) sebagai substruktur riwayat, dan (3) sebagai pokokpembicaraan dalam riwayat itu sendiri. Buku Domestic Manners of the Americans (1832)merupakan model bagi cara infrastruktur transportasi menentukan aspek naratologis,yaitu urutan dan perspektif dalam struktur naratif riwayat perjalanan. Karya tersebut jugamenyajikan transportasi sebagai pokok pembicaraan dalam teksnya itu sendiri walaupun tidaksejauh sebagaimana yang tampak pada The Amateur Emigrant (1895) karya Robert LouisStevenson. Dalam hal ini, The American Scene (1907) karya Henry James juga relevankarena, walaupun tidak secara gamblang membicarakan transportasi sebagai topik dantidak pula menampakkan ciri-ciri riwayat perjalanan, karya tersebut merepresentasicara wawasan Britania-Amerika trans-Atlantik dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang lumrah.Wawasan ini juga memandang menganggap perjalanan trans-Atlantik sebagai semacamperjalanan menembus waktu, yang menunjukkan ketidaknyaman para penulis Britaniaabad kesembilanbelas terhadap transformasi sosial ke masyrakat demokratis yangdirepresentasi secara metaforis oleh pemahaman mereka tentang Amerika.Kata kunci: catatan perjalanan Viktorian, transportasi, wisataABSTRACTNarratives presented by Victorian British writers about their travels to America assume theavailability of a transprtation infrastructure system. Such a system is related to the travelnarrative in three things, namely, (1) as a material base for travel, (2) as a narrative substructurehistory, and (3) as the subject-matter of the narratives. Fanny Trollope’s Domestic Mannerof the Americans (1832) is a model for the way transportation infrastructure determinesnarratological aspects, namely order and perspective in the structure of the travel narrative.The piece also presents transportation as a subject-matter in its text although it does notgo so far as do Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Amateur Emigrant (1895). In discussingtransportation Henry James’ The American Scene is also relevant because, despite it’s notexplicitly speaking of transportation as a topic nor does it show the convential characteristicsof the travel narrative, the work represents a British-American trans-Atlantic world viewas a given. This world view also considers trans-Atlantic travels as a kind of voyage acrosstime, implying the discomfort of nineteenth-century British writers concerning the socialtransition into a democratic society represented by America as a metaphor.Keywords: Victorian travel narrative, transportation, tourism

scholarly journals ASPECTS OF NARRATIVE IN THE PROSE OF WRITER PETRO MARKO

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Antela Voulis
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Prose Style ◽  
Poetic Expression ◽  
The Subject

Petro Marko is considered by critics as one of the founders of modern Albanian prose. Scientific assessments of Petro Markos’s creativity are mainly based on long and short prose, in the form of genuine critical studies, short predictions, comments and analysis. There are papers of this nature written by scholars such as: Floresha Dado, Adriatik Kallulli, Bashkim Kuçuku, Ali Aliu, Robert Elsie and many others. The subject matter of these articles varies from simple information to moments of writer’s life, to genuine studies and analysis regarding interpretation and explanation of different elements of the structure of his literary works. In this case, we would like to highlight an article written by the author Bashkim Kuçuku, namely the novel “A name on four streets”. In this particular paper, Kucuku discusses the symbolism of the novel’s title, that even in its metaphorical form didn’t escape the punishment of dictatorship censure, closely connected with the tragic fate that followed Petro Marko. And by doing so the researcher gives us a detailed insight of the connection between his work and a broader background of Marco’s biography. In this context, together with the detailed analysis of the novel’s title, we will find the key point that paves the way for penetrating the original metaphor and symbolism of the story. According to Kuçuku, Petro Marko is a dignified, idealist, as well a stoic writer for justice and social equality. It is precisely this book, “A name in four ways”, that distinctly portrays the aforementioned author as one of the leading writers of prose in Albania and this work is one of his most distinguished among all the others. It is the aim of this study to harmonize the internal narrative analysis of the prose style with the poetic expression of all Petro Mario’s creative work.

Unfähigkeit

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobst Welge
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Provincial City ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
French Novel ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early Novel

AbstractThe employee as a typical figure of modernity has been represented as a specific type of literary anti-hero since the nineteenth century. Italo Svevo’s early novel, Una vita (1982, A Life), is an example that is strongly related to the theme of the anti-hero in the French novel of disillusion, as well as to the fin-de-siécle concern with an incapacitated, dilettante protagonist, unable to act and live. In light of Svevo’s own misgivings about the profession of writing fiction, the novel reflects on the relation between literature and life, by way of an uprooted individual who finds himself ill at ease in the anonymous, competitive world of modernity. The subject of Svevo’s novel, the arrival of a provincial, petit-bourgeois intellectual to a semi-provincial city, may also be found in a somewhat later Brazilian novel, O amanuense Belmiro (The amanuensis Belmiro, 1937) by Cyro dos Anjos. Aside from parallels of plot, social, and geographical setting, which are grounded in the experience of modernity in different contexts, the two novels may be said to model a new kind of author-function, as well as a specific form of a non-linear, self-reflexive novel.

scholarly journals Prasa w rękach kobiet – działalność pierwszych polskich redaktorek. Rekonesans badawczy

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-140
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Głos ◽  
◽  
Kinga Matuszko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Subject

The purpose of this article is to characterize the press activities of women in the nineteenth century. Although active women's participation in work was rare at the time, several figures can be identified that struggled with firmly rooted stereotypes regarding their gender and gradually tried to enter the publishing field. These include Wanda Malecka and Julia Goczałkowska, whose activities and, to some extent, their work, were discussed. Thanks to this view on the emerging position of women in the journalistic world, it can be seen that women not only dealt with writing journalistic texts, but also took the position of editors of contemporary periodicals. In addition, the subject matter is also very easy to define – ladies are definitely a union of speaking on political issues, and they turn to commenting on the sphere related to customs, fashion or literature.

scholarly journals Полонистика в Московском Государственном Университете имени м. В. Ломоносова

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 225-233
Author(s):  
Наталия [Naliia] Ананьева [Anan'eva]
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
State University ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Student Training ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Slavic Studies

Polish studies at Lomonosov State University in MoscowPolish Studies at Moscow University are one of specialisations of the department of Slavic Studies at the Faculty of Linguistics. The beginnings of Slavic Studies as a university discipline dates back in 1835. In the 20th century such outstanding scholars as Afanasij Sieliszczew and Samuił Bernsztejn worked as lecturers here. The Polish language and literature together with Czech, Serbo-Croatian and Bulgarian department has existed permanently until today. The Chair of Polish Studies is currently held by the author of the article. Enrolment for Polish Studies takes place once three years. Groups consist of ca. 10–15 people. There is a division into two specialisations – linguistics and literature since the second year of studies. The article presents the subject matter of research and scientific work of didactic workers and their main publications. Student training in Poland and lectures of Polish specialists help mastering fluency in the Polish language.

Management of Emotional Problems of Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-544
Author(s):  
HERBERT I. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Adolescent Sexuality ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Comprehensive Treatise ◽  
The Subject

This book is a comprehensive treatise of the subject matter but is happily couched in such a simple prose that it is a pleasure to read. After a thorough-going discussion of the normal aspects of childhood and adolescence the author elaborates upon the usual adjustment problems encountered in these years. He inclines to be somewhat gingerly in his treatment of adolescent sexuality and its problems, which actually compose a much larger area of adolescent concern that one would surmise from this book.

Episcopal Visitation of Cathedrals in the Church of England

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (38) ◽  
pp. 266-288
Author(s):  
Philip Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
The Church ◽  
Point Of Reference

In December 1994 the Revd Philip LS Barrett BD MA FRHistS FSA, Rector of Compton and Otterbourne in the Diocese of Winchester, successfully submitted a dissertation to the University of Wales College of Cardiff for the degree of LLM in Canon Law, entitled ‘Episcopal Visitation of Cathedrals in the Church of England’. Philip Barrett, best known for his magisterial study, Barchester: English Cathedral Life in the Nineteenth Century (SPCK1993), died in 1998. The subject matter of this dissertation is of enduring importance and interest to those engaged in the life and work of cathedrals, and the Editor invited Canon Peter Atkinson, Chancellor of Chichester Cathedral, to repare it for publication in this Journal, so that the author's work might receive a wider circulation, but at a manageable length. In 1999 a new Cathedrals Measure was enacted, following upon the recommendations of the Howe Commission, published in the report Heritage and Renewal (Church House Publishing 1994). The author was able to refer to the report, but not to the Measure, or to the revision of each set of cathedral Statutes consequent upon that Measure. While this limits the usefulness of the author's work as a point of reference for the present law of cathedral visitations, its value as an historical introduction remains.

The Nude in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Russian Sculpture

Experiment ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Samu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Socialist Realist ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article analyzes Russian attitudes toward nudity in art in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, from the importation of Italian nudes by Peter the Great to the continued study of the nude model by Socialist Realist artists. Questions addressed include the reception of nude sculpture in Russia and its change over time; the role of life models; and the subject matter sculptors chose.

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