A Linear Analysis of Instabilities Occurring in Plane Shear Flow of Nematic Liquid Crystals when a Vertical Temperature Gradient is Present

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Barratt ◽  
J. M. Manley
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Shear Flow ◽  
Nematic Liquid Crystals ◽  
Linear Analysis ◽  
Vertical Temperature Gradient ◽  
Vertical Temperature ◽  
Plane Shear

Effects of Age and Overhead Illumination on Temperatures Preferred by Underyearling Rainbow Trout, Salmo gairdneri, in a Vertical Temperature Gradient

1978 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1430-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Hwa Kwain ◽  
Robert W. McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Temperature Gradients ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Vertical Temperature Gradient ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Vertical Temperature ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Distribution Of Fish ◽  
Vertical Gradients

During their first 12 mo of life rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, preferred progressively cooler temperatures as they grew older; 19 °C was selected during the 1st mo and the selected temperature declined by intervals of 0.5 °C for each of the following months up to the 3rd mo. Fish swam higher in temperature gradients exposed to overhead illumination than in those in total darkness. This trend was reversed during the following 9 mo. These findings demonstrate the important role that age plays in the temperature preference of this species and the influence that overhead light may have on the distribution of fish in vertical gradients. Key words: preferred temperature, age, Salmo gairdneri, light gradients

Dynamic electric polarization of nematic liquid crystals subjected to a shear flow

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Grandner ◽  
Sebastian Heidenreich ◽  
Patrick Ilg ◽  
Sabine H. L. Klapp ◽  
Siegfried Hess
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Shear Flow ◽  
Nematic Liquid Crystals ◽  
Electric Polarization
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