Design of a High-Quality Optical Filter Based on 2D Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator for WDM Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Vahid Fallahi ◽  
Mahmood Seifouri
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Quality Factor ◽  
Transmission Coefficient ◽  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Optical Filter ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Square Lattice

AbstractIn this article, a 2D photonic crystal (PC)-based optical filter has been designed using a PC ring resonator. The resonator used is of square type with a square lattice constant, which has been designed by increasing the radius of the inner rods of the resonator. The filter designed can separate the light of the wavelength of 1545.3 nm with a transmission coefficient of 98 %. The bandwidth of the above wavelength is equal to 0.5 nm and hence the quality factor of the device at this wavelength is equal to 3091. The effects of the structural parameters, such as the refractive index, the lattice constant, the radius of the dielectric rods, the radius of the inner rods of the resonator on the behavior of the proposed device, are fully investigated. To obtain the photonic band gap, the plane wave expansion method is used. In addition, the finite difference time domain method is used to examine, simulate, and to obtain the output spectrum of the structure. The designed structure has both high transmission coefficient and quality factor. Comparatively speaking, it is also simple to design which justifies its use in other photonic crystal-based optical devices.

OVERLAPPING TE AND TM BAND GAPS IN SQUARE LATTICE PHOTONIC CRYSTAL OF HOLLOW DIELECTRIC RODS

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250008 ◽  
Author(s):  
RADIUS N. S. SURYADHARMA ◽  
ALEXANDER A. ISKANDAR ◽  
MAY-ON TJIA
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Plane Wave Expansion Method ◽  
Layered Dielectric ◽  
Photonic Band

A numerical study is performed on photonic band gap of 2D square lattice photonic crystal with varied layered dielectric rods by using the plane wave expansion method for the purpose of investigating the effects of geometrical and permittivity variations. The results show that in general the TE and TM band gaps do not coexist in the band structure of this layered rods system. However, for a specific choice of the system parameters leading to a photonic crystals of hollow dielectric rods, both TE and TM photonic band structures feature perceptible band gaps with significant overlap, yielding effective complete photonic band gaps (CPBG). The study further shows that the CPBG can be enlarged by varying both radii of the hollow rods. It is found that a large CPBG can be attained which is comparable in size with those found in hexagonal lattice photonic crystal of air holes as well as square lattice photonic crystal rods incorporating dielectric veins.

Photonic-crystal-based design and FDTD simulation of all-optical NAND and NOR gates with improved contrast ratio

Laser Physics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 016202
Author(s):  
V Anusooya ◽  
S Ponmalar ◽  
M S K Manikandan
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Contrast Ratio ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Fdtd Simulation

Abstract The proposed research reports the simulation of a photonic crystal (PhC) ring-resonator-based full-optical NAND and NOR gate design. The designed structure comprises a 18 × 30 square lattice dielectric silicon rod-type PhC with a refractive index of n = 3.46. An interatomic distance ‘a’ of 560 nm, radius ‘r’ of 0.21a (0.133 μm) and input wavelength λ = 1550 nm with an input signal amplitude of 1 volt are used in this design. The proposed structure provides two large band gaps in Transverse Electric polarized mode in the ranges of 1342–1980 nm and 758–779 nm. Similar parameters are used for both NAND and NOR logic gate designs. The functionality of the proposed full-optical gates depends on the ring resonator principle and the intensity of the incident light. Numerical analysis of the simulation is based on the finite difference time domain method, whereas band gap analysis is performed using the plane wave expansion method.

Rounded Square Ring Resonator Based Add Drop Filter for Wdm Applications Using Two Dimensional Photonic Crystals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massoudi Radhouene ◽  
V R Balaji ◽  
Monia Najjar ◽  
S Robinson ◽  
Vijay Janyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Quality Factor ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this paper, two dimensional photonic crystal based Add Drop filter is designed for DWDM applications. The existing work concentrate in Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) and few filter design with DWDM with non-uniform channel spacing, and low quality factor. . The proposed Add Drop Filter (ADF) enhances the quality factor using Rounded Square Ring Resonator (RSRR) for ensuring efficient bandwidth in supporting WDM systems. The design consists of bus waveguide, drop waveguide and RSRR with inner quasi-square ring in the square lattice while dielectric constant of the Si rod is 11.68 which are hosted in the air. The line defect was created by removing 4 rods (Quasi ring) in the center of the inner square ring. The line defects in the cavity help to reduce the radiation field components surrounded by the resonator. The proposed design drops the unique wavelength 1636.2 nm from a spectrum. The performance parameters of ADF are investigated using 2D Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) algorithm. The proposed ADF drops the narrow bandwidth of 0.7 nm, high quality factor of 2337, dropping efficiency (ON State) of 100 %, which is highly sufficient to support WDM systems for future Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC). Further, the impact of functional parameters such as transmission efficiency, quality factor, bandwidth are investigated by varying the structural parameters, namely, adjacent rod radius, scatterer rod radius, coupling rod radius, lattice constant, inner rod radius and rod radius. The size of the device is 412.76 µm2.

Design and optimization of two dimensional photonic crystal based optical filter

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550027 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rajalakshmi ◽  
A. Sivanantha Raja ◽  
D. Shanmuga Sundar
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Transmission Spectrum ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Optical Filter ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Photonic Crystal ◽  
Two Dimensional Photonic Crystal

In this paper, the channel drop filter based on two dimensional photonic crystal is proposed. The structure is made of silicon rods with the refractive index n1 = 3.4641 which are perforated in air with refractive index n2 = 1. The simulation results are obtained using 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The photonic band gap is calculated by plane wave expansion solver method. Resonant mode of the ring resonator and the filter transmission spectrum is calculated using 2D FDTD method. Full width half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of the filter at the output transmission spectrum from 1.508 μm to 1.512 μm is 4 nm. The quality factor of the filter is 377.5 and the proposed filter design is around 21 × 15 μm which is suitable for photonic integrated circuits.

Using Genetic Algorithm for Optimizing 1D Thue–Morse Photonic Crystal-Based Filter

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Golnaz Tavakoli ◽  
Alireza Andalib
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Quality Factor ◽  
Optical Filter

Abstract In this article we designed an optical filter based on 1D photonic crystals. Then optimized the proposed structure using genetic algorithm. The proposed filter was designed using generalized Thue–Morse series. After optimizing the proposed structure, we can improve the quality factor of the proposed structure.

Two-Dimensional Silicon Nitride Photonic Crystal Band Gap Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 538 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Shou Xiang Chen ◽  
Xiu Lun Yang ◽  
Xiang Feng Meng ◽  
Yu Rong Wang ◽  
Lin Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Filling Ratio ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Photonic Band

Plane-wave expansion method was employed to analyze the photonic band gap in two-dimensional silicon nitride photonic crystal. The effects of filling ratio and lattice structure type on the photonic band gap were studied. The results showed that two-dimensional dielectric cylinder type silicon nitride photonic crystal only has TE mode band gap, while, the air column type photonic crystal has complete band gap for TE and TM modes simultaneously. The distribution of band gap can be influenced by the filling ratio of dielectric materials and the lattice type. It is shown that the triangular lattice structure is much easier to form band gap than square lattice structure.

Band Gaps of Two-Dimensional Square-Lattice Photonic Crystal with Button-Shaped Dielectric Rods

2011 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
S.X. Du ◽  
X. D. He ◽  
B. Liu ◽  
S. J. Li ◽  
Z.M. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Plane Wave Expansion ◽  
Plane Wave Expansion Method ◽  
Wave Expansion

In this paper, a new structure of two-dimensional (2D) square-lattice photonic crystal (SLPC) with button-shaped dielectric rods (BSDRs) is designed, and the properties of band gaps are analyzed by Plane Wave Expansion Method (PWM). The optimal samples that possess the width of absolute band gap are obtained by scanning the three parameters: the radius of large circular R in button mark, the ratio of the radius of small circular to the radius of large circular r/R, and the rotating angle of button mark Ө. It is shown that when r/R=0.485, R=0.406um, and Ө =750, the largest absolute band gap of 0.0406 (ωa/2πc) exists for normalized frequencies in the range 0.7501 to 0.7910 (ωa/2πc). Besides，we can get at most five absolute band gaps when r/R=0.485, R=0.406um, and Ө =600.

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