Measurement of inferior facial angle and prefrontal space ratio in first trimester fetuses with aneuploidies: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-978
Author(s):  
Ismail Tekesin ◽  
Oliver Graupner
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Trisomy 18 ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Prediction Limit ◽  
2D Ultrasound ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Space Ratio

Abstract Objective To determine whether the measurement of inferior facial angle (IFA) and prefrontal space ratio (PFSR) in two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound images in the first trimester of pregnancy is reliable and to describe these markers in normal and aneuploid fetuses. Methods IFA and PFSR were measured in stored 2D midsagittal images of 200 normal and 140 aneuploid fetal profiles between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks of gestation. Limits of agreement (LOAs) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for inter- and intraobserver differences were calculated. Results The mean IFA in normal fetuses was 76.5° ± 6.3. Between the two measurement rounds of the same observer, the LOAs were −5.4 to 7.1 (obs. 1) and 7.4 to 8.4 (obs. 2). For IFA measurements by the same observer the ICC was 0.88 (obs. 1) and for measurements by two different observers the ICC was 0.74. The mean PFSR was 0.76 ± 0.40 and the intraobserver LOAs were −0.372 to 0.395 (obs. 1) and −0.555 to 0.667 (obs. 2). For PFSR measurements by the same observer the ICC was 0.89 (obs. 1) and for measurements by two different observers the ICC was 0.65. Among aneuploid fetuses, IFA was below the normal range in one third of the cases with trisomy 18. PFSR was below the 95% prediction limit in 16.2% of fetuses with trisomy 21% and 17.9% of fetuses with trisomy 18. Conclusion IFA can be reliably measured in 2D ultrasound images in the first trimester of pregnancy with a high interobserver agreement and may provide information about retrognathia associated with various syndromes and aneuploidies at early stages of pregnancy.

Correlations Between the Values of Maternal Glycemia from the Last Trimester of Pregnancy and Fetal Birth Weight

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Monica Vereş ◽  
Aurel Babeş ◽  
Szidonia Lacziko
Keyword(s):  
First Trimester ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fetal Macrosomia ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group I ◽  
Fetal Birth Weight ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and aims: Gestational diabetes represents a form of diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes. In the last trimester of gestation the growth of fetoplacental unit takes place, thus maternal hyperglycemia will determine an increased transplacental passage, hyperinsulinemia and fetal macrosomia. The aim of our study was that o analyzing the effect of maternal glycemia from the last trimester of pregnancy over fetal weight. Material and method: We run an observational study on a group of 46 pregnant women taken into evidence from the first trimester of pregnancy, separated in two groups according to blood glucose determined in the third trimester (before birth): group I normoglycemic and group II with hyperglycemia (>92mg/dl). Results: The mean value of third trimester glycemia for the entire group was of 87.13±22.03. The mean value of the glycemia determined in the third trimester of pregnancy was higher in the second group (109.17 mg/dl) in comparison to the first group (74.,21 mg/dl). The ROC curve for third trimester glycemia as fetal macrosomia appreciation test has an AUC of 0.517. Conclusions: Glycemia determined in the last trimester of pregnancy cannot be used alone as the predictive factor for fetal macrosomia.

scholarly journals An Electromyographic Analysis of the Deep Cervical Flexor Muscles in Performance of Craniocervical Flexion

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Falla ◽  
Gwendolen Jull ◽  
Paul Dall'Alba ◽  
Alberto Rainoldi ◽  
Roberto Merletti
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Bipolar Electrodes ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis ◽  
Electromyographic Signals

Abstract Background and Purpose. This study evaluated an electromyographic technique for the measurement of muscle activity of the deep cervical flexor (DCF) muscles. Electromyographic signals were detected from the DCF, sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and anterior scalene (AS) muscles during performance of the craniocervical flexion (CCF) test, which involves performing 5 stages of increasing craniocervical flexion range of motion—the anatomical action of the DCF muscles. Subjects. Ten volunteers without known pathology or impairment participated in this study. Methods. Root-mean-square (RMS) values were calculated for the DCF, SCM, and AS muscles during performance of the CCF test. Myoelectric signals were recorded from the DCF muscles using bipolar electrodes placed over the posterior oropharyngeal wall. Reliability estimates of normalized RMS values were obtained by evaluating intraclass correlation coefficients and the normalized standard error of the mean (SEM). Results. A linear relationship was evident between the amplitude of DCF muscle activity and the incremental stages of the CCF test (F=239.04, df=36, P<.0001). Normalized SEMs in the range 6.7% to 10.3% were obtained for the normalized RMS values for the DCF muscles, providing evidence of reliability for these variables. Discussion and Conclusion. This approach for obtaining a direct measure of the DCF muscles, which differs from those previously used, may be useful for the examination of these muscles in future electromyographic applications.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunru Liao ◽  
Zhenlan Yang ◽  
Zijing Li ◽  
Rui Zeng ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the measuring consistency of central refraction between multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and autorefractometry.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including subjects in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, ages 20 to 35 years with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All patients underwent cycloplegia, and the refractive status was estimated with autorefractometer, experienced optometrist and MRT. We analyzed the central refraction of the autorefractometer and MRT. The repeatability and reproducibility of values measured using both devices were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: A total of 145 subjects ages 20 to 35 (290 eyes) were enrolled. The mean central refraction of the autorefractometer was −4.69 ± 2.64 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75 D), while the mean central refraction of MRT was −4.49 ± 2.61 diopters (D) (range −8.79 to +5.02 D). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the two devices. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) also showed high agreement. The intrarater and interrater ICC values of central refraction were more than 0.90 in both devices and conditions. At the same time, the mean central refraction of experienced optometrist was −4.74 ± 2.66 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75D). The intra-class correlation coefficient of central refraction measured by MRT and subjective refraction was 0.939.Conclusions: Results revealed that autorefractometry, experienced optometrist and MRT show high agreement in measuring central refraction. MRT could provide a potential objective method to assess peripheral refraction.

Is the location of the signal intensity weighted centroid a reliable measurement of fluid displacement within the disc?

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Abdollah ◽  
Eric C. Parent ◽  
Michele C. Battié
Keyword(s):  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Fluid Displacement ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement

Abstract Degenerated discs have shorter T2-relaxation time and lower MR signal. The location of the signal-intensity-weighted-centroid reflects the water distribution within a region-of-interest (ROI). This study compared the reliability of the location of the signal-intensity-weighted-centroid to mean signal intensity and area measurements. L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs were measured on 43 mid-sagittal T2-weighted 3T MRI images in adults with back pain. One rater analysed images twice and another once, blinded to measurements. Discs were semi-automatically segmented into a whole disc, nucleus, anterior and posterior annulus. The coordinates of the signal-intensity-weighted-centroid for all regions demonstrated excellent intraclass-correlation-coefficients for intra- (0.99–1.00) and inter-rater reliability (0.97–1.00). The standard error of measurement for the Y-coordinates of the signal-intensity-weighted-centroid for all ROIs were 0 at both levels and 0 to 2.7 mm for X-coordinates. The mean signal intensity and area for the whole disc and nucleus presented excellent intra-rater reliability with intraclass-correlation-coefficients from 0.93 to 1.00, and 0.92 to 1.00 for inter-rater reliability. The mean signal intensity and area had lower reliability for annulus ROIs, with intra-rater intraclass-correlation-coefficient from 0.5 to 0.76 and inter-rater from 0.33 to 0.58. The location of the signal-intensity-weighted-centroid is a reliable biomarker for investigating the effects of disc interventions.

scholarly journals How to calculate the ASDAS based on C-reactive protein without individual questions from the BASDAI: the BASDAI-based ASDAS formula

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1545-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Concepcion Aranda-Valera ◽  
Juan L Garrido-Castro ◽  
Lourdes Ladehesa-Pineda ◽  
Janitzia Vazquez-Mellado ◽  
Pedro Zarco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Validation Cohort ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Derivation Cohort ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Equation

Abstract Objectives To develop a new equation to calculate the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score based on CRP (ASDAS-CRP) using only the BASDAI total score and CRP. Methods Axial SpA (axSpA) patients from the Cordoba Spondyloarthritis Registry cohort were recruited as a derivation cohort, while a retrospective sample from the Spanish Rheumatology Society National Registry of Spondyloarthropathies and Ibero American Spondyloarhtritis Registry registers was used as a validation cohort. We built a new equation based only on the BASDAI and CRP, defining a new formula: the BASDAI-based ASDAS (BASDAS). Linear regression analysis was used to determine the coefficients of the equation in the derivation cohort and it was subsequently validated in the validation cohort. Results A total of 52 axSpA patients in the derivation cohort and 3359 patients in the validation cohort were included. In the derivation cohort, the mean BASDAS [2.24 (s.d. 0.90)] was very similar to the ASDAS-CRP [2.23 (s.d. 0.95)], with a very strong correlation (r = 0.96, P < 0.001). In the validation cohort, the mean BASDAS was 3.31 (s.d. 1.37) and the ASDAS-CRP was 3.19 (s.d. 1.27), which also had a very strong correlation (r = 0.95, P < 0.001). Intraclass correlation coefficients were excellent in both cohorts (0.963 and 0.947, respectively). Conclusion The BASDAS performs similarly to the ASDAS-CRP and can be calculated with only the BASDAI total score and CRP, allowing evaluation of disease activity in retrospective studies where the individual items of the BASDAI are not available.

The Accuracy and Reproducibility of Linear Measurements Made on CBCT-derived Digital Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Y Hajeer ◽  
Ahmad L Maroua ◽  
Mowaffak Ajaj
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intraobserver Reliability ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Bland Altman Analysis ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plaster Models

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of linear measurements made on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-derived digital models. Materials and methods A total of 25 patients (44% female, 18.7 ± 4 years) who had CBCT images for diagnostic purposes were included. Plaster models were obtained and digital models were extracted from CBCT scans. Seven linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were measured and analyzed on plaster models and the corresponding digital models. The measurements included arch length and width at different sites. Paired t test and Bland–Altman analysis were used to evaluate the accuracy of measurements on digital models compared to the plaster models. Also, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate the reproducibility of the measurements in order to assess the intraobserver reliability. Results The statistical analysis showed significant differences on 5 out of 14 variables, and the mean differences ranged from −0.48 to 0.51 mm. The Bland–Altman analysis revealed that the mean difference between variables was (0.14 ± 0.56) and (0.05 ± 0.96) mm and limits of agreement between the two methods ranged from −1.2 to 0.96 and from −1.8 to 1.9 mm in the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. The intraobserver reliability values were determined for all 14 variables of two types of models separately. The mean ICC value for the plaster models was 0.984 (0.924–0.999), while it was 0.946 for the CBCT models (range from 0.850 to 0.985). Conclusion Linear measurements obtained from the CBCTderived models appeared to have a high level of accuracy and reproducibility. How to cite this article Maroua AL, Ajaj M, Hajeer MY. The Accuracy and Reproducibility of Linear Measurements Made on CBCT-derived Digital Models. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(4):294-299.

scholarly journals A comparative study of oral, sublingual and vaginal route of misoprostol as cervical ripening agent before surgical method of termination of first-trimester pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Sinha ◽  
Sourabh Shrivastava ◽  
Swati Shrivastava
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Vaginal Route ◽  
Surgical Method ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Medical Termination ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol

Background: Cervical ripening is a critical step for surgical method of termination of first trimester of pregnancy. Misoprostol, PGE1 analogue have promising role as cervical ripening agent. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and side effects of oral, sublingual and vaginal misoprostol at dosage of 400mcg for cervical priming before surgical method of termination in first-trimester pregnancy.Methods: It was a prospective hospital based randamosied study. Total 150 patients at 6-12 weeks gestation requesting for medical termination of pregnancy were divided equally in to 3 groups. Every group was advised to have single dose of 400 mcg misoprostol either oral, sublingual or vaginal route respectively 4 hour before suction and evacuation.Results: The sublingual group had highly significant cervical dilatation (P<0.001) and the duration of suction and evacuation was less as compared to the vaginal and oral routes (p<0.000). However, the mean intraoperative blood loss was more in sublingual as compared to the vaginal and oral groups. Loose motions and nausea/vomiting were more with oral routes while blood loss was more in the vaginal route.Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded from present study that sublingual route of misoprostol is more preferable than oral or vaginal route as pro-abortion cervical ripening agent.

scholarly journals Frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism and mean serum TSH level in first trimester of pregnancy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1763-1767
Author(s):  
Fouzia Perveen ◽  
Lubna Ali ◽  
Afshan Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Level Data ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Tsh

Objective: To find out the frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in our pregnant population during 1st Trimester and the mean TSH level in first trimester of pregnancy. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Dow University Hospital and Dr Ruth KM Pfau CHK. Period: June 2015 to May 2016. Material & Methods: All Pregnant women with <14 weeks gestation were screened for Serum TSH level. Data were recorded after informed consent and institutional ethical approval. Variables recorded were age, parity, gestational age and serum TSH level. Data were analyzed on SPSS version 16. Mean and SD were calculated for quantitative variables ie. Age, parity, gestational age, serum TSH level and serum free T4 level. Mean TSH level according to age group, parity and gestational age groups were determined by applying ANOVA test. Correlation of Serum TSH level with the maternal age, parity and gestational age groups were also assessed by Pearson Correlation test. Significant P-value was taken as <0.05. Results: The frequency of SCH found was 19.35% by taking cut off limit of <2.5 IU/L and 3.55% by taking cut off limit of <4.5 IU/L among total of 310 pregnant women. Mean TSH level was 1.84±1.36 IU/L. The mean maternal age was 27.22 ± 4.43 yrs. while median parity was 1. Mean gestational age of these patients were 9.41 ± 2.748 weeks and out of these 160 (51.61%) were between 4-9 weeks and 150(48.38%) between 10-14 weeks. Majority (74%) of these women belonged to lower middle socioeconomic class. Mean TSH level coorelation between different age groups, parity groups and gestational age groups were found to be insignificant. Conclusion: The prevalence of SCH is not so high and mean TSH level in our population was 1.84 IU/L. But to establish reference range for Pakistani population, further studies in population of different backgrounds and geographical distribution needs to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Reliability Measurement of Corneal Wavefront Aberrations using Corneal Videokeratograph Atlas 9000

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorshazana Mat Rejab @ Md Rejab ◽  
Mohd Radzi Hilmi ◽  
Khairidzan Mohd Kamal ◽  
Md Muziman Syah Md Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Wavefront Aberration ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reliability Measurement

Introduction: Accurate corneal wavefront aberration measurements are essential in determining patient’s suitability, vision outcomes and patient satisfaction in laser refractive surgeries. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability measurement of higher-order aberration (HOA) using corneal videokeratograph Atlas 9000. Materials and method:  38 eyes of 19 participants were recruited in this study. Comprehensive eye examination was done to ensure all participants eligibility, and any conditions in which obstruct the central cornea were excluded. Corneal wavefront aberrations were measured based on Zernike polynomials. In assessing repeatability, three repetitive measurements in five minutes in a single session were taken by 2 experience examiners. For reproducibility measurement, similar approach was done with the time-interval between measurements was set at one week. Bland-Altman, limits of agreement (LoA) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate the reliability measurement. Results: Bland-Altman and LoA findings revealed no significant differences for both repeatability and reproducibility measurement. For repeatability testing, the mean differences for vertical trefoil, oblique trefoil and spherical aberration were -0.096 ± 0.493, 0.001 ± 0.048, 0.008 ± 0.035, 0.004 ± 0.029, 0.010 ± 0.053 with LoA of 1.930, 0.188, 0.138, 0.114, and 0.208 respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) excellent reliability of 0.841 for all parameters. Likewise, reproducibility  testing showed similar findings  with the mean difference were -0.018 ± 0.091, 0.016 ± 0.061, -0.0004 ± 0.036, -0.002 ± 0.042, 0.003 ± 0.026, with LoA of 0.356, 0.24, 0.141,0.164, and 0.102 respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) shows excellent reliability of more than 0.9 for all parameters. LoA of less than 1.0 were observed in all measurements (except for repeatability of vertical trefoil) indicates high consistency of the measurements. Conclusions: Corneal videokeratograph Atlas 9000 provides excellent HOA measurement reliability.

scholarly journals Ultrasonography Method of Deep Cervical Muscles and Thickness Measurement Reliability in Cervicogenic Headache and Healthy Subjects:APilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omolbanin Abaspour ◽  
Mohammad Akbari ◽  
Asghar Rezasoltani
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Cervicogenic Headache ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Linear Probe

Introduction: In Cervicogenic Headache (CGH), motor control of muscles is impaired and deep upper neck muscles (extensor and flexor muscles) become atrophied. In this research, thickness measurement of Longus Capitis (LCap), Rectus Capitis Posterior Major (RCPM), and Obliquus Capitis Superior (OCS) muscles were conducted and intra-rater reliability of the thickness measurement of these muscles was assessed in CGH and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: Twenty subjects, including 10 healthy subjects (19-32 years old) and 10 CGH patients (20-35 years old) participated in this study. LCap thickness was measured at the level of C3-C4 in the supine position and posterior muscles (RCPM and OCS) thickness at the C1-C2 level in the sitting position. All ultrasound images were captured by a linear probe with a 50-mm footprint in B mode option and frequency range of 9-12 Hz. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), Standard Error Of Measurement (SEM), and the Smallest Detectable Difference (SDD) were calculated for data analysis. Results: The ICC for thickness measurement of LCap was from 0.70 to 0.91 (good to excellent), for RCPM thickness was from 0.69 to 0.94 and for OCS muscle thickness was from 0.87 to 0.98. SEM values for LCap were between 0.08 and 0.25 and the SDD values between 0.22 and 0.71. SEM values for RCPM were between 0.22 and 0.43 and these values were reported for OCS muscle between 0.19 and 0.45. Conclusion: The results indicated that the presented position and the level of ultrasonography in this study are appropriate and ultrasound is a reliable tool to measure the deep upper neck muscle thickness in CGH and healthy subjects.

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