scholarly journals Insecticide susceptibility of the green plant bug, Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Homoptera: Miridae) and two predatory arthropods

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengqun Zhang ◽  
Xuefeng Zhang ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Wei Mu
Keyword(s):  
Green Plant ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Selective Toxicity ◽  
Apolygus Lucorum ◽  
Relative Safety ◽  
Control Chemical

Abstract The green plant bug (Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür) is a key pest of Bt cotton in China. Along with biological control, chemical control is one of the most important strategies in A. lucorum Integrated Pest Management (IPM). The goal of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of eight conventional insecticides to A. lucorum and to assess the susceptibility of two generalist predators Chrysopa sinica (Jieder) and Propylaea japonica (Thunbery) to insecticides that are commonly used in A. lucorum management. Via glass-vial and leaf-dip bioassay, toxicity tests with selected insecticides at two different life-stages of A. lucorum indicated significant differences between the LD50 or LC50 values for these compounds within different insecticidal classes. Phenylpyrazole fipronil had the highest toxicity to 4th-instar nymphs and adults of A. lucorum, whereas neonicotinoid imidacloprid had the lowest toxicity among the insecticides. Females were more tolerant to insecticides than were males, as shown by the higher LD50 values for females. Furthermore, laboratory tests showed that endosulfan had the highest selectivity to C. sinica and P. japonica: the selective toxicity ratios (STRs) were superior to other tested insecticides, particularly imidacloprid, and were 5.396 and 4.749-fold higher than baseline STRs, respectively. From this study, we conclude that fipronil can potentially be used to efficiently control A. lucorum. An alternative control agent worth consideration is endosulfan, owing to its relative safety to non-targeted natural enemies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Botanicals for Management of Piercing–Sucking Pests and the Effect on Beneficial Arthropod Populations in Tea Trees Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueyue Tian ◽  
Zejun Chen ◽  
Xiaoqin Huang ◽  
Lixia Zhang ◽  
Zhengqun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Apolygus Lucorum ◽  
Field Control ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Tea Pests ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract The tea green leafhopper Empoasca onukii Matsuda (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), the orange spiny whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintanca) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and the green plant bugs Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Hemiptera: Miridae) are the important piercing–sucking herbivores in tea trees Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae). The goal of this study was to evaluate the laboratory toxicities and field control efficacies of botanical insecticides including matrine, azadirachtin, veratrine, and pyrethrin to three tea pests. Via leaf-dip bioassay, toxicity tests with botanical insecticides indicated that there were significant differences between the LC50 values for botanical insecticides within the same insect species. Matrine had the highest toxicity to E. onukii, A. spiniferus, and A. lucorum with the LC50 values of 2.35, 13.10, and 44.88 mg/liter, respectively. Field tests showed that, among four botanical insecticides, matrine at dose of 9 g a.i. ha−1 can significantly reduce the numbers of E. onukii and A. spiniferus and the infestation of A. lucorum on the tea plants. Furthermore, botanical insecticides matrine and azadirachtin had no obvious influence on the coccinellids, spiders, and parasitoids densities in tea plantations. The results of this study indicated that use of botanical insecticides, such as matrine, has the potential to manipulate the population of E. onukii, A. spiniferus, and A. lucorum and will be an effective and environmentally compatible strategy for the control of tea pests.

scholarly journals Temperature-dependent life history of the green plant bug, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Kongming Wu ◽  
Kris A. G. Wyckhuys ◽  
Yuyuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Apolygus Lucorum ◽  
History Of

Friendly Foes: The Bio-control Agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Economic Threshold ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Natural Way

The bio-control agents are those organisms that manage the pest population in natural way and keep them below the economic threshold and are thus applied by the agency of man. This process is known as bio-control or biological control. They are foes to the pests and are thus beneficial and a friend for us. There are many pathogens (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt cotton), parasites (parasitoids, ex. Parasitic wasps, tachinid flies) and predators (ex. Gambusia fish against mosquito larvae) that can be applied as bio-control agents. Many are being used as effective pest control agent in Europe and United States of America. There is lots of potential in this field and more explorations and researches need to be done in an agricultural country like India.

scholarly journals Analysis of Differentially Expressed Transcripts in Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) Exposed to Different Temperature Coefficient Insecticides

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjie An ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Ya’nan Dou ◽  
Zhanlin Gao ◽  
Zhihong Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Apolygus Lucorum ◽  
Gene Information ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The existence of a temperature effect of insecticides frustrated the control of the green plant bug Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür). Previous studies mostly focused on the application of insecticides, but the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here, we report a transcriptome profiling of A. lucorum treated by three kinds of temperature coefficient insecticides (TCIs) (positive TCI: imidacloprid, negative TCI: b-cypermethrin and non-effect TCI: phoxim) at 15 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C by using next- and third-generation RNA-Seq methods. A total of 34,739 transcripts were annotated from 277.74 Gb of clean data. There were more up-regulated transcripts than down-regulated transcripts in all three kinds of TCI treatments. Further Venn diagrams indicate the regulatory transcripts and regulatory modes were different at the three temperatures. The responses to imidacloprid involved more detox and stress response transcripts such as cytochrome P450 (CYP450), carboxylesterase (CarE) and catalase (CAT) at 35 °C, which was the case for beta-cypermethrin at 15 °C. UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) and heat shock protein (HSP) transcripts were heavily involved, and thus deserve particular note in the temperature effect of insecticides. This high-confidence transcriptome atlas provides improved gene information for further study on the insecticide temperature effect related physiological and biochemical processes of A. lucorum.

Impacts of transgenic Bt cotton on a non-target pest, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae), in northern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1573-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoping Li ◽  
Hongqiang Feng ◽  
Jeremy N. McNeil ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Peiyu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Transgenic Bt Cotton ◽  
Apolygus Lucorum

Effects of transgenic Bt cotton on insecticide use and abundance of two generalist predators

2007 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Sisterson ◽  
Robert W. Biggs ◽  
Nancy M. Manhardt ◽  
Yves Carrière ◽  
Timothy J. Dennehy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Transgenic Bt Cotton

scholarly journals Rearing of chelifers for potential biocontrol of varroa mites

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 290-290
Author(s):  
S. Read ◽  
B.G. Howlett ◽  
B.J. Donovan ◽  
W.R. Nelson ◽  
R.F. Van_Toor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Varroa Mites

Honeybee colonies infested with the varroa mite (Varroa destructor) usually collapse unless they have been treated with acaracides Resistance to the most commonly used acaracides is increasing and no biological control options are yet available Chelifers (pseudoscorpions) are generalist predators and may have potential as a biological control agent This poster describes an attempt to establish breeding populations of native chelifers which have been shown to actively feed on varroa with the ultimate aim of testing their ability as a biological control of varroa Two species of chelifers (Nesochernes gracilis and Heterochernes novaezealandiae) collected from honeybee hives and in leaf litter near apiaries at Katikati (Bay of Plenty) are being maintained in the laboratory They are surviving on a variety of different food sources such as Drosophila sp larvae (fruit fly) aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and moth larvae (Helicoverpa armigera Spodoptera litura and Plodia interpunctella) With little known about raising these chelifers in captivity their diet preferences and feeding periods are being obtained as a first step to obtaining the basic information necessary for potential commercial propagation of chelifers for varroa control in honeybee hives

scholarly journals Activities of Digestive Enzymes in the Omnivorous Pest Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Xincheng Zhao ◽  
Wei Yuan ◽  
Kongming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Apolygus Lucorum ◽  
Mirid Bug

The mirid bug Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür, 1843, an omnivorous species that feeds on plants and animals, has become a major pest in China as production of Bt-cotton has grown to such a large scale. Its omnivory is likely to be critical for its success, but the digestive mechanism(s) underlying processing and adsorption of such diverse foods is relatively unknown. Here, we examined the activities of digestive enzymes of A. lucorum in the salivary gland complex and midgut and the effect of sex, age, and food source on these activities. Amylase and protease were present in the salivary gland complex and the midgut, but were higher in the salivary gland complex. Trypsin-like enzyme was also present in both organs, but chymotrypsin-like enzyme was present only in the midgut. Sex, age, and food source affected the activities of these digestive enzymes. In general, the activities of these enzymes peaked at 10 d after emergence, and amylase and protease activities were higher in female adults than in males. Of the food sources tested, green bean pods (Gb) induced the highest amylase activity, whereas Helicoverpa armigera Hübner, 1809 eggs (He) and a mixture of Gb and He induced higher activities of the trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like enzymes. The results from food switching experiments confirmed that amylase activity could be induced by plant sources, and animal sources induced protease activity. Thus, the types and activities of digestive enzymes in A. lucorum provide the physiological basis of the pest’s omnivory.

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