scholarly journals Prevalence of arrhythmias in dogs examined between 2008 and 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak ◽  
Marcin Michałek ◽  
Ewelina Kałuża ◽  
Alicja Cepiel ◽  
Urszula Pasławska
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Premature Ventricular Complexes ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

Abstract Introduction: The prevalence of arrhythmias in dogs and the influence of sex, breed, age, and body weight were analysed over a seven-year span. Material and Methods: In total, 1189 referrals for cardiological examination by electrocardiography were received at one academic centre in Poland between 2008 and 2014. The largest proportion of the examined dogs were cross-breeds with body weight below 25 kg (n = 153, 12.87%), followed by German Shepherds (n = 122, 10.26%), Labrador Retrievers (n = 68, 5.72%), Yorkshire Terriers (n = 63, 5.3%), and Boxers (n = 60, 5.05%). Retrospective analysis was made of 1201 standing or right recumbent electrocardiograms without pharmacological sedation. The prevalence of arrhythmias was examined in terms of sex, age, body weight, and breed of the dogs. Results: A total of 630 (52.46%) electrocardiograms showed no signs of arrhythmia, but 96 (7.99%) and 475 (39.55%) pointed to physiological and pathological arrhythmias respectively. The most commonly diagnosed type was atrial fibrillation with 33.68% incidence, followed by ventricular arrhythmias (28%), sinus pauses (27.58%), supraventricular arrhythmias (24%), and atrioventricular blocks (22.95%). Pathological arrhythmias were most commonly found in male dogs and in German Shepherds. Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation predominated, followed by premature ventricular complexes. Male dogs were generally more prone to heart rhythm disturbances.

scholarly journals P968 Subcostal M-mode echocardiography of tricuspid annular motion helps recogntion of heart arrhythmias

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Drinkovic ◽  
N Drinkovic Jr
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Characteristic Appearance ◽  
Atrial Contraction ◽  
Heart Arrhythmias ◽  
Av Dissociation

Abstract Recognition of supraventricular arrhythmias and differention between supraventricular and ventricular rhythm abnormalities in ECG can sometimes be difficult due to indiscernible P wave. 1D echocardiography of tricuspid annular motion can quickly and reliably detect atrial contraction (Picture 1, figure 1a.) which has a characteristic appearance for majority of supraventricular arrhythmias. Since subcostal approach is almost always reliable, it allows simple and rapid recognition and differentiation between supraventricular arrhythmias, e.g. atrial fibrillation (Picture 1, figure 1b.) from atrial flutter and nodal rhythm. Detection of atrial contractions enables recognition of AV dissociation in ECG, which helps in differentiation between supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. This technique is also useful in checking the function and mechanical efficiency of atrial pacing. Figure 1a. Atrial contraction / sinus rhythm RA = right atrium A = atrial contraction Figure 1b. Atrial fibrillation RA = right atrium a = fibrillary contractions Abstract P968 Figure. Picture 1

Abstract 5576: Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Myocardial Infarction: Evidence of a Clinical Association

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Fumagalli ◽  
Chiara Cipriani ◽  
Marta Casaloni Rinaldi ◽  
Sara Francini ◽  
Yasmine Makhanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Aortic Insufficiency ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Sleep Period ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Background . Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently associated with hypertension, chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation; a correlation with ischemic heart disease is less defined. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of OSA and its clinical predictors after a recent myocardial infarction (MI). Methods . We studied all consecutive patients (pts) with MI, evaluated by our out-patient Clinic at 1-month follow up (exclusion criteria: atrial fibrillation and permanent pacemaker). For detection of OSA we used a validated tool (Lifescreen, Spacelabs/ESAOTE) which determines the mean Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) by processing the electrocardiographic data of the sleep period. According to AHI, pts were classified as normal (≤5), borderline (5.1–15) or diseased (>15). Results . Between March 2007 and February 2008, we studied 107 pts (age: 62±13 years; men: 83.2%; weight: 78±12 Kg). Left ventricular ejection fraction was 49±12%. The prevalence of STEMI and anterior MI was 68.4 and 37.7%, respectively; primary PCI was performed in 76.5% of pts. Mean sleep period was 8:04±1.20 hours; AHI was 14.3±12.0; 80/107 pts (74.1%) scored >5, with 43 pts (39.8%) >15. In univariate analysis, women had lower AHI values than men (7.0±6.6 vs 15.7±12.4, p<0.001). AHI correlated directly with body weight (p=0.013), creatinine and uric acid concentrations (p=0.046 and p=0.030, respectively), and with the presence of aortic insufficiency (24.3±8.4 vs 13.8±12.1, p=0.020). AHI increased with CK MB and troponin I concentrations (p<0.001 and p=0.033) and was higher in pts treated with primary PCI of the left coronary artery (p=0.044) and in pts with complex ventricular arrhythmias (16.8±12.2 vs 12.2±10.3, p=0.049). At multivariate analysis, complex ventricular arrhythmias, body weight, creatinine concentration, and the presence of aortic insufficiency significantly correlated with AHI values, with complex ventricular arrhythmias being the best predictor of the presence of OSA (p=0.009). Conclusions . OSA is a common clinical condition in pts with a recent MI and correlates with the presence of complex ventricular arrhythmias. OSA evaluation might be particularly important in pts with MI to plan interventions such as CPAP therapy or ICD implantation.

scholarly journals Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy presenting as a heart rhythm disorders in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T S Kovalchuk ◽  
E V Yakovleva ◽  
S G Fetisova ◽  
T L Vershinina ◽  
T M Pervunina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Atrial Flutter ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Sinus Node Dysfunction ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Heart Rhythm Disorders ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is an inherited muscle dystrophy often accompanied by cardiac abnormalities in the form of supraventricular arrhythmias, conduction defects, sinus node dysfunction. Cardiac phenotype typically arises years after skeletal muscle presentations, though, can be severe and life-threatening. The disease usually manifests during the third decade of life with elbow joint contractions and progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Objective To present our clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmias in children with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy Materials and methods We enrolled 5 patients with different forms of EDMD (X-linked and autosomal dominant) linked to the mutations in EMD and LMNA genes, presented with early onset of cardiac abnormalities and no leading skeletal muscle phenotype. The predominant forms of cardiac pathology were atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation and conduction disturbances that progress over time. Clinical examination included physical examination, 12-lead electrocardiography, Holter ECG monitoring (HM), transthoracic echocardiography, neurological examination and biochemical and hormone tests. Also we performed CMR, electrophysiological study (EPS), treadmill test of some patients. One patient underwent an endomyocardial biopsy to exclude inflammatory heart disease. Target sequencing was performed using a panel of 108 or 172 genes Results We observed five patients with EDMD and cardiac debut during first-second decades of life: 3 with 1st subtype (variants in EMD gene) and 2 with 2nd subtype (variants in LMNA gene). All patients were males. The mean age of cardiac manifestation was 13,2±3,11 (from 9 to 16 y.o.). The mean follow-up period was 7,4±2,6 years. All patients presented with sinus node dysfunction and four out of five with AV conduction abnormalities. The leading arrhythmic phenotypes included various types of supraventricular arrhythmias: multifocal atrial tachycardia (AT) (n=4), premature atrial captures (PACs) (n=4), atrial flutter, (AF) (n=3), atrial fibrillation (AFib) (n=3) and AV nodal recurrent tachycardia (AVRNT). Heart rhythm disorders were the first manifestation in all three patients with 1st EDMD subtype. Radiofrequency ablation was performed in 2 patients, one of them received permanent pacemaker implantation. Conclusions In conclusion, while being the rare cases, heart rhythm disorders can represent the first and for a long time, the only clinical symptom of EDMD even in the pediatric group of patients. Therefore, thorough laboratory and neurological screening along with genetic studies, are of importance in each pediatric patient presenting with complex heart rhythm disorders of primary supraventricular origin to exclude EDMD or other neuromuscular disorders. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

scholarly journals Large extracellular vesicles in the left atrial appendage in patients with atrial fibrillation—the missing link?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Zietzer ◽  
Baravan Al-Kassou ◽  
Paul Jamme ◽  
Verena Rolfes ◽  
Eva Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Peripheral Embolization

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmic disease in humans, which leads to thrombus formation in the left atrial appendage and stroke through peripheral embolization. Depending on their origin, large extracellular vesicles (lEVs) can exert pro-coagulant functions. In the present study, we investigated how different types of AF influence the levels of large EV subtypes in three distinct atrial localizations. Blood samples were collected from the right and left atrium and the left atrial appendage of 58 patients. 49% of the patients had permanent AF, 34% had non-permanent AF, and 17% had no history of AF. Flow cytometric analysis of the origin of the lEVs showed that the proportion of platelet-derived lEVs in the left atrial appendage was significantly higher in permanent AF patients compared to non-permanent AF. When we grouped patients according to their current heart rhythm, we also detected significantly higher levels of platelet-derived lEVs in the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with atrial fibrillation. In vitro studies revealed, that platelet activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to higher levels of miR-222-3p and miR-223-3p in platelet-derived lEVs. Treatment with lEVs from LPS- or thrombin-activated platelets reduces the migration of endothelial cells in vitro. These results suggest that permanent atrial fibrillation is associated with increased levels of platelet-derived lEVs in the LAA, which are potentially involved in LAA thrombus formation.

scholarly journals Flecainide How and When: A Practical Guide in Supraventricular Arrhythmias

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Carlo Lavalle ◽  
Michele Magnocavallo ◽  
Martina Straito ◽  
Luca Santini ◽  
Giovanni Battista Forleo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Antiarrhythmic Drug ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Supraventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Sinus Rhythm Maintenance

Transcatheter ablation was increasingly and successfully used to treat symptomatic drug refractory patients affected by supraventricular arrhythmias. Antiarrhythmic drug treatment still plays a major role in patient management, alone or combined with non-pharmacological therapies. Flecainide is an IC antiarrhythmic drug approved in 1984 from the Food and Drug Administration for the suppression of sustained ventricular tachycardia and later for acute cardioversion of atrial fibrillation and for sinus rhythm maintenance. Currently, flecainide is mostly used for sinus rhythm maintenance in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients without structural cardiomyopathy although recent studies enrolling different patient populations have demonstrated a good effectiveness and safety profile. How should we interpret the results of the CAST after the latest evidence? Is it possible to expand the indications of flecainide, and therefore, its use? This review aims to highlight the main characteristics of flecainide, as well as its optimal clinical use, delineating drug indications and contraindications and appropriate monitoring, based on the most recent evidence.

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