Immunohistochemical Detection of Estrogen Receptors in Canine Mammary Tumors

AbstractMammary tumors are among the most common neoplasms in intact female dogs. They have a complex morphology, usually affecting middle age and older bitches. Almost 50% of the mammary tumors in dogs are malignant neoplasms. Prognosis is based on several factors: stage, age, tumor size, metastasis, histopathology, ovariectomy status and hormone-receptor activity. Immunohistochemical (IHC) measurement has become increasingly an important diagnostic and prognostic parameter, with the development of monoclonal antibodies against nuclear estrogen and progestin receptors. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of ER receptors in malignant canine mammary tumors and to identify their association with the clinical course of the tumor. Mammary tumor samples have been obtained by mastectomy from dogs presented at our clinic. Detailed clinical examination, CBC and basic serum biochemical profile were performed in all patients. Surgery was the only treatment. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical detection of estrogen α receptors (ERα) was performed on 8 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples, using the PT LINK immunoperoxidase technique. Histopathological examination of the mammary tumor samples (n=11) revealed tubular adenocarcinoma (n=6,54.5%) and ductal adenocarcinoma (n=3, 27.3%), one patient with benign adenoma and one with mastitis. Patients with positive ER tumors are alive, without remission, while 3 of the patients that were ER negative died due to lung metastases. According to our results, it can be concluded that the appearance and development of canine mammary tumors is highly connected with ovarian steroid hormones and that immunostaining of the tumors may be used as a good prognostic parameter in these patients.

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Overexpression of Mucin 1 Suppresses the Therapeutical Efficacy of Disulfiram against Canine Mammary Tumor

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Ying Zhao ◽

Zixiang Lin ◽

Zhaoyan Lin ◽

Chaoyu Zhou ◽

Gang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mammary Tumor ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Expression Level ◽

Canine Mammary Tumor ◽

Wild Type ◽

Mucin 1 ◽

Mammary Tumor Cell ◽

Mammary Tumor Cell Line ◽

Canine Mammary Tumors ◽

Wild Type Control

Mucin 1 (MUC1), a transmembrane protein, is closely associated with the malignancy and metastasis of canine mammary tumors; however, the role of overexpressed MUC1 in the development of cancer cells and response to drug treatment remains unclear. To address this question, we developed a new canine mammary tumor cell line, CIPp-MUC1, with an elevated expression level of MUC1. In vitro studies showed that CIPp-MUC1 cells are superior in proliferation and migration than wild-type control, which was associated with the upregulation of PI3K, p-Akt, mTOR, Bcl-2. In addition, overexpression of MUC1 in CIPp-MUC1 cells inhibited the suppressing activity of disulfiram on the growth and metastasis of tumor cells, as well as inhibiting the pro-apoptotic effect of disulfiram. In vivo studies, on the other side, showed more rapid tumor growth and stronger resistance to disulfiram treatment in CIPp-MUC1 xenograft mice than in wild-type control. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the importance of MUC1 in affecting the therapeutical efficiency of disulfiram against canine mammary tumors, indicating that the expression level of MUC1 should be considered for clinical use of disulfiram or other drugs targeting PI3K/Akt pathway.

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Immunohistochemical detection of P53in canine mammary tumors

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.5958/j.0976-0555.48.2.043 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 204 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Veena ◽

R.V. Suresh Kumar ◽

K.B.P. Raghavender ◽

Ch. Srilatha ◽

T.S.C. Rao

Keyword(s):

Mammary Tumors ◽

Immunohistochemical Detection ◽

Canine Mammary Tumors

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Breeding rice for nitrogen use efficiency

Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) ◽

10.31742/ijgpb.79s.1.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 79 (01S) ◽

Author(s):

C. N Neeraja ◽

S. R. Voleti ◽

D. Subrahmanyam ◽

K. Surekha ◽

P. Raghuveer Rao

Keyword(s):

Mammary Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

German Shepherd ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Histopathological Classification ◽

Canine Mammary Tumors ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Genomic Regions

The aim of present investigation was to study the gross morphology and incidence of canine mammary tumors (CMTs) based on age, sex, breed, reproductive status and location along with histopathological classification and immunohistochemical characteristics. A total of 56 CMTs samples were collected from 49 cases of dogs. Gross morphology was studied in 26 cases of canine mammary tumors. For histopathological classification, samples were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin and sections (5 μm thick) obtained from each was stained with HandE stain. Immuno-histochemistry was carried out by using p63 antibody to confirm the histopathological types of CMTs. Malignant tumors and benign tumors were mostly observed in older dogs. Among 9 breeds affected, the highest incidence was recorded in a German shepherd. Caudal abdominal pair was most commonly affected. Most of the cases were observed in intact female dogs, except for one male dog. The tumors were oval and round in shape with 30–2000 g weight, soft to hard in consistency and grayish white cut surface. Out of 56 CMTs, the highest incidence was found of malignant neoplasms (36/56, 64.28%), followed by benign neoplasms (10/56, 17.85%) and non-neoplastic proliferation hyperplasia/dysplasia (10/56, 17.85%). Complex carcinoma, carcinoma, and malignant myoepithelioma and malignant myoepithelioma were confirmed by p63 antibody. In these neoplasms, myoepithelial cells showed strong immunoreactivity with p63.Development of nitrogen use efficient (NUE) rice varieties is inevitable for sustainability of environmental friendly and economical agricultural practices. Several management practices are being studied for increasing efficiency of spatial and temporal inputs of N under National Innovations for Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA). Attempts are being made to develop NUE rice varieties with multidisciplinary approach and conventional selection along with mapping and next generation sequencing strategies. Around 800 rice genotypes were characterized under low and recommended nitrogen for two consecutive seasons and the promising donors further evaluated to identify consistent NUE rice genotypes. Several mapping populations were developed using the NUE donors and popular rice varieties. QTL/genomic regions were identified for yield under low N using biparental and association mapping. Using minimum marker set of 50 rice SSR markers, 12 genomic regions were identified for yield and yield associated traits under low nitrogen. Several promising recombinants of yield and NUE were identified and these breeding lines were evaluated under multi-locations and stable performers were identified under AICRIP Trial - Evaluation of Radiation and Nitrogen use efficient promising rice genotypes -Plant Physiology during Kharif 2016, 2017 and 2018. As nitrogen is the building block of biomass, an optimum N is required for realizing the yield. The strategy should be to maximise uptake and improve utilization, so that remobilization of N to yield is achieved under low N.

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Incidence, Gross Morphology, Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry of Canine Mammary Tumors

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.14.4.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (04) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. P. Patel ◽

D. J. Ghodasara ◽

S. H. Raval ◽

B. P. Joshi

Keyword(s):

Malignant Tumors ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Myoepithelial Cells ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

German Shepherd ◽

Histopathological Classification ◽

Canine Mammary Tumors ◽

Immuno Histochemistry ◽

Strong Immunoreactivity

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Immunohistochemical detection of estrogen receptor beta (ER) and cellular proliferation antigen (Ki-67) in canine mammary tumors

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.5958/0973-970x.2014.01180.8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 219

Author(s):

L.R. Port Louis ◽

K.C. Varshney ◽

M.G. Nair ◽

A.W. Lakkawar ◽

B. Ramesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Cellular Proliferation ◽

Estrogen Receptor Beta ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Immunohistochemical Detection ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Canine Mammary Tumors ◽

Receptor Beta

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Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Canine Mammary Tumors

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.39-4-488 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 488-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

B. Restucci ◽

S. Papparella ◽

P. Maiolino ◽

G. De Vico

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Mammary Tumors ◽

Angiogenic Factor ◽

Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Canine Mammary Tumors ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a dimeric protein that stimulates angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by inducing endothelial cell proliferation and migration. In this immunohistochemical study, VEGF-immunolabeled cells were counted in a series of 10 benign and 40 malignant canine mammary tumors. The morphologic pattern of VEGF positivity (intensity of immunolabeling and VEGF granule size and distribution) was also evaluated. A low number of cells weakly positive for VEGF with few and small granules polarized to the luminal pole was detected in benign neoplasms. In contrast, in malignancies a high number of VEGF-positive cells had strong immunolabeling, often with large granules found diffusely in the cytoplasm. This level of immunolabeling was more pronounced in the less differentiated, more malignant phenotypes (grade 3). Macrophages, which can synthesize VEGF, were strongly positive. Stromal and myoepithelial cells were negative. VEGF data were correlated statistically with intratumoral microvessel density (number of newly formed microvessels) and both measures were greater in less differentiated malignant neoplasms, demonstrating that angiogenesis and malignancy increase together. VEGF appears to be a powerful angiogenic factor in canine mammary tumors.

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Esophageal Adenocarcinoma with Enteroblastic Differentiation Arising in Ectopic Gastric Mucosa in the Cervical Esophagus: a Case Report and Literature Review

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases ◽

10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.262.gus ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 193-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ryosuke Gushima ◽

Rei Narita ◽

Takashi Shono ◽

Hideaki Naoe ◽

Takashi Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Mucosa ◽

Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Narrow Band Imaging ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Ectopic Gastric Mucosa ◽

Tubular Adenocarcinoma ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Elevated Lesion

Background: Adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation is a subtype of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) producing adenocarcinoma. This type of tumor is associated with a poor prognosis and is prone to metastasize. Esophageal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation is extremely rare.Case presentation: The patient was a 65-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with dysphagia. Endoscopic examination revealed an elevated lesion 20mm in diameter at 17cm from the upper incisors. Endoscopic submucosa dissection (ESD) was performed and histopathological examination revealed tubular adenocarcinoma composed of cuboidal cells with clear cell cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical stain was diffusely positive for Sall-like protein 4 (SALL4) and weakly positive for AFP and glypican 3. From this result, we diagnosed esophageal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation. The patient is still alive without recurrence of cancer 40 months after ESD.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report to undergo ESD for esophageal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation arising from ectopic gastric mucosa in the esophagus.Abbreviations: AFP: alfa-fetoprotein; CA19-9: carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; ESD: endoscopic submucosal dissection; EUS: endoscopic ultrasound; FDG-PET: [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography; ME: magnifying endoscopy; NBI: narrow band imaging; SALL 4: Sall-like protein 4; SCC: squamous cell carcinoma antigen.

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