Triazines removal by selective polymeric adsorbent

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1755-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Ronka ◽  
Małgorzata Kujawska ◽  
Honorata Juśkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Base Hydrolysis ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Polymeric Adsorbent ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Adsorbate Structure

Abstract The objective of the study was to investigate sorption of simazine, atrazine, propazine and terbuthylazine on specific polymeric adsorbent and thereby evaluate the possibility of triazine-based herbicide removal from the aqueous solution. In order to obtain polymer adsorbent for triazines removal, the poly(divinylbenzene) was synthesized in radical polymerization using bead polymerization, and modified with maleic anhydride in Diels–Alder reaction with subsequent base hydrolysis. The porous material containing carboxyl groups was obtained. Experiments have been performed in single and multi-component mixtures of herbicide in the ppm concentration range. Introduction of carboxyl groups into polymer structure resulted in obtaining specific interactions, such as hydrogen bonds between modified poly(divinylbenzene) and triazines, therefore intensification of adsorption was observed. Calculated distribution coefficients of triazines (K = 2600–35 100) testify to their effective removal from aqueous solutions on the studied adsorbent. Selective sorption of triazines is observed and explained in relation to the binding mechanism which involve hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. The effect of the adsorbate structure on the ability to form specific interactions with the tested adsorbent was investigated. The kinetic of sorption and the parameters of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for the studied systems were determined.

Removal of triazine-based herbicides on specific polymeric sorbent: fixed bed column studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1179-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Ronka
Keyword(s):  
Suspension Polymerization ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Base Hydrolysis ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Sorption Parameters ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

AbstractThe porous material containing carboxyl groups was investigated in fixed bed system for the triazine-based herbicides removal from aqueous solution. In order to obtain adsorbent capable of generating specific interactions with triazines, the poly(divinylbenzene) was synthesized in radical suspension polymerization and then was modified with maleic anhydride in Diels-Alder reaction with subsequent base hydrolysis. The introduction of carboxyl groups into polymer structure resulted in obtaining specific interactions, such as hydrogen bonds between modified poly(divinylbenzene) and triazines, therefore the selectivity and the high adsorption capacity towards terbuthylazine, propazine, atrazine and simazine was observed. The total and usable adsorptive capacities, the breakthrough and exhaustion times, the coefficients of sphericity of isoplanes, the heights of adsorption fronts and the mass exchange moving rates were calculated based on the analysis of the breakthrough curves. Results show that the best sorption parameters in dynamic conditions were achieved for terbuthylazine and propazine. For them the highest values of adsorptive capacities, the smallest heights of mass transfer fronts and their slow movement along the bed height were obtained. The use of ethanol for herbicides elution provided a high recovery degree of adsorbed substances. Reusability of investigated polymer bed was studied in three adsorption/desorption cycles.

Reinforcement of carboxyl groups in the surface of Corynebacterium glutamicum biomass for effective removal of basic dyes

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (24) ◽  
pp. 6301-6306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Wook Won ◽  
K. Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Juan Mao ◽  
Sok Kim ◽  
Yeoung-Sang Yun
Keyword(s):  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Basic Dyes

Removal of triazine-based herbicides on specific polymeric sorbent: batch studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1167-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Ronka
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Carbonyl Oxygen ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Batch Studies ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Free Electron Pair

AbstractThe triazine-based herbicides removal from aqueous solution on specific polymeric adsorbent was studied. Poly(divinylbenzene) modified with maleic anhydride in Diels-Alder reaction was selected for the sorption experiments because molecular structures of triazine derived herbicides exhibit complementarity to the arrangement of functional groups in the polymer. The presence of carboxyl groups in adsorbent structure resulted in specific directional interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, which can intensify adsorption ability towards triazines. In the case of both atrazine and terbuthylazine the effect is more intensive, whereas in sorption of simazine and propazine the non-specific interactions have higher importance than hydrogen bonds. Specific interactions in investigated systems are between the hydrogen atom of the amino group of triazine and the carbonyl oxygen atom of the carboxyl group of the modified poly(divinylbenzene) (O…H–N). Only in the case of terbuthylazine the creation of hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl hydrogen atom of carboxylic group and nitrogen atom containing free electron pair from triazine (O–H…N) was observed. The sorption of simazine, atrazine and propazine does not depend on pH in the acidic region, whereas in the case of terbuthylazine an increase in sorption efficiency is observed while pH decreases.

Effect of hydrothermal modified carbon fiber through Diels–Alder reaction and its reinforced phenolic composites

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (79) ◽  
pp. 64450-64455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Fei ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
JianFeng Huang ◽  
HaiBo Ouyang ◽  
HongKun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Skin Region ◽  
Significant Change

The intensity of peaks 1 and 2 changed little indicating no significant change of the carbon fiber skin region. Peak 3 obviously increased after modification indicating the increase in carboxyl groups, and revealing that the maleic anhydride was grafted on the carbon fibers.

Epigenetic Effectiveness of Complete Carcinogens: Specific Interactions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Aminoazo Dyes with Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein A-I

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 799-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodo Contag
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Hydrophobic Interactions ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Efficacy Index ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
Aminoazo Dyes

Abstract During a co-precipitation of cholesterol (Chol) and slight amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or aminoazo dyes (AZOs) in aqueous albumin solution, complex particles are formed; on their surfaces apolipoproteins with an amphipathic α-helix (e.g. apoA-I) are more or less firmly adsorbed. An efficacy index can be calculated from the strength of the hydrophobic interactions between apoA-I and the [Chol/PAH]- or [Chol/AZO]-complex, and the solubility of the PAH or AZO in an aqueous medium, which correlates to the carcinogenicity of these compounds. A short-term test for PAHs and AZOs is described, in which the efficacy index can be determined in the simplest manner without any great expenditure on equipment. The previous results suggest that the parent compounds of the PAHs and AZOs can be involved in a specific interaction with cholesterol-domains of the plasma membrane of a cell. The changes in membrane fluidity and architecture caused by these specific interactions could modulate the distribution and/or activity of membrane proteins which are critical to the regulation of cellular proliferation.

Influence of Calcium Ions on the Plant Cell Surface: Membrane Fusions and Conformational Changes

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
D. James Morré ◽  
Charles E. Bracker ◽  
William J. VanDerWoude
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Ultrastructural Evidence ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Wall Extensibility

Calcium ions in the concentration range 5-100 mM inhibit auxin-induced cell elongation and wall extensibility of plant stems. Inhibition of wall extensibility requires that the tissue be living; growth inhibition cannot be explained on the basis of cross-linking of carboxyl groups of cell wall uronides by calcium ions. In this study, ultrastructural evidence was sought for an interaction of calcium ions with some component other than the wall at the cell surface of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) hypocotyls.

The Diels-Alder Reaction of 2-Ethenyl-1,4-Benzodioxin: A New and Simple Synthesis of Bisaryl Ethers

Synlett ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Thomas V. Lee ◽  
Alistair J. Leigh ◽  
Christopher B. Chapleo
Keyword(s):  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Simple Synthesis ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction

Development of Validated Stability Indicating HPTLC Method for Assay of Ozagrel and its Pharmaceutical Formulations

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal N Kushare ◽  
Sachin S Kushare
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Base Hydrolysis ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Related Substance ◽  
Stability Indicating ◽  
Regular Production ◽  
Hptlc Method

The present paper describes stability indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) assay method for Ozagrel in bulk drugs. The method employed TLC aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of toluene: methanol: triethylamine (6.5: 4.0: 0.1 v/v/v). The system was found to give compact spot for Ozagrel (Rf value of 0.40 ± 0.010). Densitometric analysis of Ozagrel was carried out in the absorbance mode at 280 nm. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship with r2 = 0.999 with respect to peak area in the concentration range 30 - 120 ng/spot. The developed HPTLC method was validated with respect to accuracy, precision, recovery and robustness. Also to determine related substance and assay determination of Ozagrel that can be used to evaluate the quality of regular production samples. The developed method can also be conveniently used for the assay determination of Ozagrel in pharmaceutical formulations. The limits of detection and quantitation were 4.069 and 12.332 ng/spot, respectively by height. Ozagrel was subjected to acid and alkali hydrolysis, oxidation, photochemical and thermal degradation. The drug undergoes degradation under acidic, basic, oxidation and heat conditions. This indicates that the drug is susceptible to acid, base hydrolysis, oxidation and heat. Statistical analysis proves that the method is repeatable, selective and accurate for the estimation of said drug. The proposed developed HPTLC method can be applied for identification and quantitative determination of Ozagrel in bulk drug and tablet formulation.

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