scholarly journals Contiguity in prosodic words: Evidence from Spanish

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Broś
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Chilean Spanish ◽  
Present Understanding ◽  
Spanish Dialects

Abstract Spanish dialects show substantial variation in coda s weakening. Yet, to provide a comprehensive treatment of this phenomenon, a bigger prosodic constituent than just the coda position should be analysed. Crucially, two aspirating varieties of Spanish are considered. The Granada dialect weakens s to [h] inside words, at word edges and at prefix edges. The process may be either transparent (esto [éh.to] ‘this’, des-calzar [deh.kal.sáɾ] ‘to unshoe’, las cosas [lah.kó.sah] ‘the things’) or opaque (des-hecho [de.hé.tʃo] ‘undone’, las aguas [la.há.ɣwah] ‘the waters’). Chilean Spanish, on the other hand, presents transparent (esto [éh.to] ‘this’, des-calzar [deh.kal.sáɾ] ‘to unshoe’) and opaque (las aguas [la.há.ɣwa] ‘the waters’) aspiration, as well as deletion (las cosas [la.kó.sa] ‘the things’), and no aspiration across a prefix boundary (des-hecho [de.sé.tʃo] ‘undone’). The reported variable behaviour calls for an integrated approach to segmental weakening across all prosodic constituents, and for a revision of the present understanding of contiguity. The boundary between the prefix and the stem is protected by the grammar despite the weak coda position of the prefix-final s, therefore the domain of application of the CONTIGUITY constraint should be extended to the supramorphemic level.

The Destructuring of Time in Psychosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 311-340
Author(s):  
Richard J. Rodriguez ◽  
Victor E.C. Ortuño
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Present Understanding

This chapter intends to interact and integrate different perspectives that address temporality as a dimension that shapes the human being's life. On the other hand, temporality as a variable or universal dimension structures both the normal and abnormal life of people, having approached the subject from the perspective of psychiatrists of the Franco-German tradition to explain and phenomenologically understand the experience of time in psychosis. At present, understanding and interdisciplinary work should be taken into account and integrated for their application in the psychosocial rehabilitation of people with this pathology, recognizing also that the subject has not obtained concrete or satisfactory answers even today.

An Integrated Narrative Generation System

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-108 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Story Content ◽  
Narrative Generation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Narrative Techniques

This chapter introduces an integrated narrative generation system (INGS), which is one of the central parts in the author's study that aims to define an integrated approach to narrative generation. In the narrative generation study, all parts are considered as components that serve the extreme generative and productive goals, and the most important element of the goals corresponds to the design and development of INGS. This chapter divides INGS into two parts: mechanisms and contents. The main generation modules in INGS are for story, narrative discourse, and expression including language, music, and picture images, which are performed using various narrative techniques. On the other hand, INGS has dictionaries, including conceptual and language, and various knowledge, including story content and state-event transformation knowledge bases, which correspond to the aspect of contents. This chapter explains the mechanisms in the order of the entire process and states in detail the conceptual dictionaries, mainly noun and verb conceptual dictionaries.

An Integrated Approach for Teaching Robotics based on the Development of Low-Cost Parallel Robots

2012 ◽  
pp. 105-129
Author(s):  
Alexandre Kawano ◽  
Eduardo Aoun Tannuri ◽  
Jun Okamoto ◽  
Marcos Ribeiro Pereira Barreto ◽  
Newton Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Parallel Robots ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Sciences ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Way

From the academia viewpoint, the process of qualifying engineering students demands they acquire a deep understanding of basic sciences and technological aspects. On the other hand, it is quite a challenge to keep them motivated throughout their graduation period. Taking into account these issues, an integrated approach for teaching can provide good results. Basically, the way that such integration might be accomplished requires a single project per period. In addition, the disciplines taken by the students in a specific period should provide them the necessary background to conclude that project. Focusing on teaching robotics, this chapter describes the authors’ experience with mechatronics engineering students in the 7th-period of their graduation.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Ángel J. Gallego
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Syntactic Variation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
American Spanish ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
The One ◽  
Spanish Dialects

This introduction offers a summary of the antecedents, goals, and prospects of the present volume. On the one hand, it emphasizes the important role of this collection of papers. It’s the first attempt to provide a global characterization of the syntactic variation of Spanish dialects. This is a very rich, but largely unexplored, area of inquiry, a situation that is probably due to a combination of various factors: lack of theoretical tools, interest in more easily observable (lexical, phonetic, or morphological) differences, etc. On the other hand, it introduces chapters that show varying and complementary formal approaches to the study of the syntactic phenomena of both American Spanish and European Spanish dialects.

‘Foundations of Social Theory’ oder ‘Foundations of Sociology’?

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut Esser
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Sociological Profession ◽  
The One ◽  
Present Understanding

AbstractThe comment deals with the relevance of Coleman’s Foundations of Social Theory for so called ‘sociological theory’. On the one hand Coleman’s work is an extraordinary contribution to the solution of some of the most important ‘classical’ questions of sociology. On the other hand it is to be expected that the enormous potential of the book probably has only limited effects within the wider sociological profession. One reason for that estimation is the unfamiliarity of many sociologists with Coleman’s instruments of aggregation of collective effects. The other - more important - reason is that Coleman almost completely leaves out any discussion of the importance of ‘symbolic’ and ‘cultural’ processes. Insofar the book is indeed a ‘Foundation of Social Theory’ but not a foundation of ‘sociology’ in its past and present understanding.

Fuzzy AHP-GRA approach to evaluating energy sources: a case of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeki Ayağ ◽  
Funda Samanlioglu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Fuzzy Gra

Purpose Since the demand for energy has dramatically increased in the countries which have fast-growing population and economy, they have faced with a critical problem of how to evaluate a set of potential energy sources (i.e. nuclear, natural gas, bio, geothermal, hydro, wind and solar) and choose the ultimate energy source for their needs. On the other hand, this critical problem turns into a multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) in the presence of a set of energy source alternatives and evaluation criteria. In literature, there are many MCDM methods introduced to solve for different kinds of problems. The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated approach for evaluating energy sources using fuzzy AHP and GRA, with a case for Turkey. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and grey relational analysis (GRA) methods are used because of their advantages for similar problems. On the other hand, due to the fact that the conventional AHP by a nine-point scale and GRA method using a scale with crisp values can be unable to handle to capture the right judgments of a decision-maker(s), to reflect the vagueness and uncertainty on the judgments of a decision-maker, the fuzzy logic is integrated with the AHP and GRA. Findings The contributions of the paper to the literature are given in two dimensions as follows: it presents an integrated approach for complex decision processes with subjective data or vague information; the proposed approach, the fuzzy AHP-GRA method for energy source selection, is unique for the related problem in literature. The results of the proposed model from the case of Turkey will help practitioners and experts of how to apply it to the similar problems in the field of energy management. Research limitations/implications In short, in this paper, an integrated approach is proposed through the fuzzy AHP and the fuzzy GRA methods. As the fuzzy AHP is used to determine the weights of evaluation criteria, the fuzzy GRA is used to rank energy source alternatives. Practical implications In addition, a case study for Turkey is presented to show the applicability of the proposed approach for potential practitioners who are authority in the field of energy in public and private sectors. Social implications On the other hand, the proposed approach, the fuzzy AHP-GRA for energy source selection can also be an intelligent tool for public and private energy companies in Turkey, as well as others in the world. Originality/value On the other hand, in this paper, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study contributes to the literature that the first time, they use the fuzzy alpha-cut AHP and GRA in fuzzy environment for energy source evaluation problem.

scholarly journals Approximators and mitigators in Chilean Spanish: the case of 'como' and 'como que'

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-52
Author(s):  
Lissette Andrea Mondaca Becerra
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
General Description ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Semantic Value ◽  
Chilean Spanish ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
San Martín ◽  
Semantic Approximation

This article analyses the use of the approximators como and como que in Chilean Spanish, and the link between their approximative semantic value and pragmatic mitigation. Previous works have given the marker como an approximative value (Mihatsch, 2009, 2010; Jørgensen and Stenstrøm 2009; Jørgensen, 2011; Holmvik, 2011; Kornfeld, 2013; Kern, 2014; Jiménez and Flores-Ferrán, 2018), and also a mitigating one (Puga, 1997; Briz, 1998; Jørgensen, 2011; Holmvik, 2011; Kornfeld, 2013, Panussis, 2016; Mondaca, 2017; Panussis and San Martín, 2017). Thus, the objective here is to analyze the relationship between semantic approximation and pragmatic mitigation through these particles, in order to establish whether all those approximative uses of como and como que also perform a mitigating function. Likewise, this paper seeks to propose a general description of those contexts that motivate Chilean speakers to approximate and mitigate their discourse through como and como que. For this purposes, 24 sociolinguistic interviews extracted from the corpus compiled in the Fondecyt Project 11110211 have been used. The main results show that como is a semantic approximator that, in those contexts where the speaker seeks to safeguard his or her face, acquires a pragmatic mitigation function, while como que, on the other hand, is a particle which predominant function is to mitigate.

On the discourse anaphoric properties of Spanish pre- and post-nominal demonstratives: A comparative analysis

Linguistics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker Zulaica Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Situational Context ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Present Understanding

AbstractThis paper studies the referring properties of post-nominal demonstratives in Spanish with an aim to contributing to our present understanding of this marked construction. A corpus analysis is presented, where 600 cases of pre- and post-nominal demonstratives are analyzed based on their discourse anaphoric properties: direct vs. indirect anaphora. The data reveal that post-nominal demonstratives are significantly preferred in cases of indirect anaphora; that is, where no antecedent is linguistically realized in the discourse, and the reference of the demonstrative anaphor has to be inferred from the discourse or situational context. Pre-nominal demonstratives, on the other hand, show a more balanced picture sharing similar numbers in direct and indirect anaphora. However, the data also reveal that post-nominal demonstratives can be used in direct anaphoric uses, which poses a problem for a categorical distinction between pre- and post-nominal demonstratives at the referential level. Since variability appears to be the nature of the phenomenon, I propose a uniform presuppositional characterization for pre- and post-nominal demonstratives that is able to account for the observed referential flexibility.

A study of cometary eruptions through OH radio-lines

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
A.M. Silva ◽  
R.D. Miró
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Mass ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sudden Rise

AbstractWe have developed a model for theH2OandOHevolution in a comet outburst, assuming that together with the gas, a distribution of icy grains is ejected. With an initial mass of icy grains of 108kg released, theH2OandOHproductions are increased up to a factor two, and the growth curves change drastically in the first two days. The model is applied to eruptions detected in theOHradio monitorings and fits well with the slow variations in the flux. On the other hand, several events of short duration appear, consisting of a sudden rise ofOHflux, followed by a sudden decay on the second day. These apparent short bursts are frequently found as precursors of a more durable eruption. We suggest that both of them are part of a unique eruption, and that the sudden decay is due to collisions that de-excite theOHmaser, when it reaches the Cometopause region located at 1.35 × 105kmfrom the nucleus.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

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