The impact of stopping or reducing the level of fluoride in public water supplies on dental fluorosis: a systematic review

AbstractObjectiveThe increased availability of fluoride and concern over the impact of fluorosis, have led to guidance suggesting a decrease or cease in the optimal concentration of fluoride in water fluoridation schemes. To date there have been no systematic reviews looking at both impact of fluoride reduction and total cessation. This review aimed to examine the impact of stopping or reducing the level of fluoride in public water supplies on dental fluorosis.ContentMultiple databases were searched (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Web of Science). Two reviewers independently screened sources, extracted data and assessed study quality. Results were synthesised qualitatively and quantitatively. The main outcome measure was the prevalence of dental fluorosis.SummarySix studies of cross-sectional design were included. Two studies were scored as evidence level B (moderate) and the remaining four publications were evidence level C (poor). Meta-analysis indicated fluorosis prevalence was significantly decreased following either a reduction in the concentration of fluoride or cessation of adding fluoride to the water supply (OR:6.68; 95% CI:2.48 to 18.00).OutlookThe evidence suggests a significant decrease in the prevalence of fluorosis post cessation or reduction in the concentration of fluoride added to the water supply. However, this work demonstrates that when studies are subject to current expectations of methodological and experimental rigour, there is limited evidence with low methodological quality to determine the effect of stopping or reducing the concentration of fluoride in the water supply on dental fluorosis.

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Relationship between dental fluorosis and quality of life: a population based study

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242005000200014 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 150-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Edgard Michel-Crosato ◽

Maria Gabriela Haye Biazevic ◽

Edgard Crosato

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Water Supply ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Female Gender ◽

Population Based ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

The Impact

The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren aged 6 to 15 and its possible association with the impacts on their daily activities. This study is observational, cross-sectional and analytical. A total of 513 schoolchildren from the city of Pinheiro Preto, SC, took part in this study. The children were examined by three calibrated dentists, after obtaining a kappa > 0.80. To assess the prevalence of fluorosis, clinical examinations were performed according to the methodology set forth by the 4th edition of the WHO. To assess the impact of fluorosis on their daily activities, a modified OIDP (Oral Impacts on Daily Performance) was adopted. The statistical analysis used was the Chi-squared test with a 5% significance level. Of the total number of children examined, 262 (51.1%) were of the female gender and 251 (48.9%) were of the male gender. In regard to the prevalence of fluorosis, 94 (18.3%) of the children presented this condition, while 419 children (81.7%) presented a normal condition. In regard to the severity of fluorosis, few children presented severe alterations. No association was found between dental fluorosis and gender (p = 0.646), between fluorosis and socioeconomic status (p = 0.848) or between fluorosis and access to public water supply system (p = 0.198). The activities that most affected children's daily performance were: oral hygiene (40.9%) and food intake or enjoying food (40.4%). None of the daily activities could be associated with the occurrence of dental fluorosis. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was consonant with the standards found for locations with optimum fluoride content in the water supply. The questionable and very slight levels of fluorosis were the most frequently found, without influence in the quality of life of the schoolchildren participating in the study.

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Effect of Premorbid Beta-Blockers on Mortality in Patients With Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine ◽

10.1177/08850666211052926 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088506662110529

Author(s):

Daisuke Hasegawa ◽

Ryota Sato ◽

Narut Prasitlumkum ◽

Kazuki Nishida

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Beta Blockers ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Short Term Mortality ◽

The Impact

Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of premorbid beta-blockers on mortality in patients with sepsis. Data Sources We searched EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and MEDLINE for eligible studies. The protocol was registered at the PROSPERO (CRD42021256813). Study Selection Two authors independently evaluated the following inclusion criteria: (1) randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies; (2) patients with sepsis aged ≥18 years, and (3) premorbid beta-blocker use. Data Extraction Two authors extracted the patients’ characteristics and outcomes independently. All analyses were performed using the random-effects models. The primary outcome was short-term mortality, defined as mortality within 30 days, in-hospital or intensive care unit mortality. Data Synthesis Ten studies (n = 24 748 patients) were included. The pooled odds ratio (OR) of short-term mortality associated with the premorbid use of beta-blockers was 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-1.04; P = .12; I2 = 50%). Five studies reported an adjusted OR of short-term mortality. The pooled adjusted OR of short-term mortality associated with the premorbid use of beta-blockers was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.65-0.83; P < .001; I2 = 0%). Conclusion Premorbid beta-blockers were associated with a lower short-term mortality in patients with sepsis.

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A Comparison of Transplant Outcomes in Peritoneal and Hemodialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000446272 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 170-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Maozhi Tang ◽

Tianyi Li ◽

Hong Liu

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Journal Club ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Graft Function ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Transplant Outcomes ◽

Central Register ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) have been considered the 2 standard pre-transplant dialysis modalities in patients awaiting kidney transplantation. However, the impact of pretransplant dialysis on the short- and long-term post-transplant outcomes remains controversial. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials for this review. Twelve studies were identified by strict screening for the meta-analysis. Results: We found that pretransplant PD patients had a significantly lower incidence of delayed graft function than HD patients, with an OR 0.67 (95% CI 0.62-0.72, p < 0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute rejection, OR 0.96 (95% CI 0.75-1.16). Pretransplant PD had a better 5-year patient survival rate than HD, with a hazard ratio 0.86 (95% CI 0.79-0.95, p < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences in the graft survival rate (p = 0.08). Conclusions: We found that PD was a better choice of pretransplant dialysis modality than HD. Video Journal Club ‘Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco' at http://www.karger.com/?doi=446272.

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Quantifying Poststroke Gait Deviations: A Meta-analysis of Observational and Cross-sectional Experimental Trials

Journal of Stroke Medicine ◽

10.1177/2516608519856246 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sharareh Sharififar ◽

Heather K. Vincent ◽

Jonathan Shuster ◽

and Mark Bishop

Keyword(s):

Gait Speed ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Step Length ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Register ◽

Spatial Parameters ◽

Experimental Trials ◽

Walking Speeds

The hemiparetic walking pattern is a common feature of an upper motor neuron impairment caused by stroke. Previous studies have recorded deviations in hemiparetic walking patterns. We aimed to quantify gait alterations poststroke relative to healthy gait across a range of walking speeds by a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Cumulative Literature Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1927 to the end of July 2015 for all instrumented measured gait variables in (a) observational studies with stroke patients only and (b) interventional studies in healthy, age-matched (elderly) participants, and those with stroke published in English. We analyzed data using a patient-weighted random-effects method. The heterogeneity of methods and measures employed across studies limited the intended analyses. The search pooled 2,223 articles, of which we included 49 observational and 124 interventional studies involving 960 healthy elders and 4,691 participants with stroke. As expected, those with stroke have gait-speed-related statistical differences from those without stroke. Specifically, this meta-analysis determined that (a) only 2 spatial parameters consistently changed according to gait speed – step length and stride length – and (b) irrespective of speed, 9 spatiotemporal measures, 5 sagittal kinematic, and 3 kinetic measures from the analysis were statistically different from the healthy counterparts ( P < .05). These findings suggest the importance of using instrumented measurement techniques for evaluating stroke gait rehabilitation.

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Effects of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1093/jjco/hyz046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 646-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Su-Su Zhang ◽

Jin-Xia Liu ◽

Jing Zhu ◽

Ming-Bing Xiao ◽

Cui-Hua Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Antiviral Therapy ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hbv Reactivation ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Central Register ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background and aim The impact of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and preventive antiviral therapy on the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and subsequent hepatitis remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on the risk of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Meanwhile, we explored the role of HBeAg status in HBV reactivation after TACE. Methods We performed this meta-analysis with 11 included studies to assess the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on predicting clinical outcomes in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a random or fixed effects model. PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled were searched for the included articles (from 2000 to December 2017). Results Our results showed that TACE significantly increased the risk of HBV reactivation (OR: 3.70; 95% CI 1.45–9.42; P < 0.01) and subsequent hepatitis (OR: 4.30; 95% CI 2.28–8.13; P < 0.01) in HCC patients. There was no significant difference in HBV reactivation after TACE between HBeAg positive and negative patients (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 0.31–5.34; P = 0.73). Preventive antiviral therapy could statistically reduce the rate of HBV reactivation (OR: 0.08; 95% CI 0.02–0.32; P < 0.01) and hepatitis (OR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.80; P = 0.02) in those with TACE treatment. Conclusions The present study suggested that TACE was associated with a higher possibility of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Preventive antiviral therapy is significantly in favor of a protective effect.

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Overweight and obesity as potential prognostic factors for severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: A living systematic review protocol

10.31219/osf.io/t97ab ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Catherine Bonilla-Untiveros ◽

Saby Camacho-Lopez ◽

Eduard Baladia ◽

Luis E. Ortiz-Muñoz ◽

Gabriel Rada

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Suspected Infection ◽

Central Register ◽

Review Protocol ◽

The Impact ◽

Overweight Or Obesity

ObjectiveThis living systematic review aims to provide a timely, rigorous and continuously updated summary about the impact of overweight or obesity as a prognostic factor for severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19. DesignThis is a protocol of a living systematic review.Data sourcesWe will conduct searches in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), grey literature and in a centralized repository in L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence). L·OVE is a platform that maps PICO questions to evidence from Epistemonikos database. In response to the COVID-19 emergency, L·OVE was adapted to expand the range of evidence it covers and customised to group all COVID-19 evidence in one place. The search will cover the period until the day before submission to a journal.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methods We adapted an already published common protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews to the specificities of this question. We will include all primary studies that assess patients with confirmed or suspected infection with SARS-CoV-2 and inform the relation of overweight or obesity with death or disease severity. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. We will pool the results using meta-analysis and will apply the GRADE system to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. A living, web-based version of this review will be openly available during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will resubmit it every time the conclusions change or whenever there are substantial updates.

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Prevalence and Possible Role of Candida Species in Patients with Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2018/9602362 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aldona Pietrzak ◽

Ewelina Grywalska ◽

Mateusz Socha ◽

Jacek Roliński ◽

Kinga Franciszkiewicz-Pietrzak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Central Register ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Although fungal colonization is implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, its prevalence remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an overview on the prevalence of Candida species in patients with psoriasis. We searched databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and http://clinicaltrials.gov) to identify studies involving subjects of any age with an established diagnosis of psoriasis and healthy controls, who were tested for carriage of Candida spp. on the skin or mucosal membranes (or saliva and stool), or presented with clinical candidiasis with microbiologically confirmed etiology. We identified nine cross-sectional studies including a total of 1038 subjects with psoriasis (psoriatics) and 669 controls. We found Candida species detection rates for psoriatics were significantly higher than those in the controls, especially in the oral mucosa milieux. These results suggest psoriasis may be one of the systemic diseases that predispose to oral Candida spp. carriage and infection.

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The impact of smoking on prevalence of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keaa179 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (10) ◽

pp. 2695-2710 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ummugulsum Gazel ◽

Gizem Ayan ◽

Dilek Solmaz ◽

Servet Akar ◽

Sibel Z Aydin

Keyword(s):

Psoriatic Arthritis ◽

General Population ◽

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Past History ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Central Register ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives In this systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the impact of cigarette smoking on the prevalence and incidence of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Method We performed a systematic literature review using the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register databases. The literature included publications from January 1980 to July 2019. The studies that provided clear information on the number of patients with ever smoking data were included in the meta-analysis. Results The systematic literature review identified 52 and 24 articles for the prevalence of smoking in psoriasis and PsA, respectively. Of these, 16 articles on psoriasis and three and four (general population and psoriasis, respectively) articles on PsA met the criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of ever smoking was increased in psoriasis compared with the general population (OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.4, 2.3). For PsA the prevalence of ever smoking was reduced in psoriasis patients (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.81), but not changed compared with the general population (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.92, 1.32). Conclusion This meta-analysis showed that ever smoking increases the risk of psoriasis in the general population, but may reduce the risk of PsA in psoriasis patients. The latter may be also due to the collider effect. Whether smoking cessation neutralizes the risk of developing psoriasis requires a well-defined smoking data collection for the past history and this is currently unavailable in the literature.

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SUN-013 Cardiometabolic Profile of Brazilian Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1338 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Lucas Bandeira Marchesan ◽

Ramon Bossardi Ramos ◽

Monica Oliveira ◽

Poli Mara Spritzer

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Polycystic Ovary ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Small Samples ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Register ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Cardiometabolic Profile

Abstract Introduction. PCOS is a frequent endocrine disease and its clinical expression may be influenced by ethnicity and sociocultural backgrounds. Despite its high prevalence, few studies are available regarding clinical characteristics of Brazilian women with PCOS. The aim of this study was to summarize the available evidence regarding metabolic risks in PCOS population in Brazil trough a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods. We systematically searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies published until July 31, 2019. Results. Eleven cross-sectional and case-control studies were selected for the present meta-analysis, including 898 women diagnosed with PCOS and 2176 controls. All used the Rotterdam criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS. Compared to controls, BMI was higher in PCOS [standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.67 (95% CI 0.29, 1.05) I²=91%], as well as waist circumference [SMD 0.88 (0.40, 1.37) I²=93%]. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in PCOS, SMD 0.66 (0.30, 1.01) I²=83%, SMD 0.55 (0.24, 0.87) I²=81%, respectively. Glucose and HOMA-IR were higher in PCOS, SMD 0.22 (0.02, 0.41) I²= 57%, SMD 0.78 (0.52, 1.04) I² =26% respectively. Regarding lipid profile, PCOS had higher values for triglyceride [SMD= 0.39 (0.14, 0.64, I² =63%)], total cholesterol [SMD 0.36 (0.15, 0.57, I²=57%)] and LDL [SMD 0.44 (0.11, 0.78, I²=82%)] and lower values for HDL [SMD -0.56 (-0.78, -0.34) I²=68%]. Conclusions. Even though the studies considered were observational, including mostly small samples, the evidence from this meta-analysis indicates women with PCOS from different regions of Brazil present worse cardiometabolic profile than women without PCOS. This systematic review and meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42016038537).

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Oxymetazoline for the treatment of rosacea-associated persistent facial erythema. Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

10.1101/2020.05.25.20111344 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Geovanna Cárdenas ◽

Francisco Novillo ◽

Shuheng Lai ◽

Héctor Fuenzalida ◽

Francisca Verdugo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Facial Erythema ◽

Central Register ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact of oxymetazoline in patients with moderate to severe rosacea.Data SourcesWe will conduct a comprehensive search in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Lilacs, the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), ClinicalTrials.gov, US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and grey literature, to identify all relevant randomized controlled trials regardless of language or publication status (published, unpublished, in press and in progress).Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methodsWe will include randomized trials evaluating the effect of oxymetazoline in patients with moderate to severe rosacea. Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, data extraction, and assess the risk of bias. We will pool the results using meta-analysis and will apply the GRADE [1] system to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome.Ethics and DisseminationNo ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of this review will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks and traditional media.Protocol and RegistrationThis protocol was adapted to the specificities of the question assessed in this review and registered to PROSPERO with the ID CRD42020150262.

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