AUTONOMY OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS. TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS BASED ON STORAGE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY

Abstract The paper deals with the concept of autonomy of electrical systems, which is becoming more and more present, in the context in which the electric-non-electric relation existing on the market is constantly changing in favor of electricity. The factors influencing this trend come from imposing the principles of Sustainable Development, the exhaustiveness of fossil forms of energy, technological advances in the electrical and electronic components industry and their connection with computers. Evolution of Smart Grid, Smart Grid, Smart City, Smart Building, Smart Transport, etc. provides a global electronic system that will power and control most of the economic activity.

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New Type of Linear Magnetostrictive Motor Designed for Outer Space Applications, from Concept to End-Product

Actuators ◽

10.3390/act10100266 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 266

Author(s):

Lucian Pîslaru-Dănescu ◽

Alexandru-Mihail Morega ◽

Rareş-Andrei Chihaia ◽

Ionel Popescu ◽

Mihaela Morega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Permanent Magnets ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

Outer Space ◽

Rocket Engines ◽

Space Applications ◽

Power Sources ◽

Pulse Width Modulated ◽

Power And Control ◽

Technical Solutions ◽

And Control

The use of the linear magnetostrictive motor (LMM) in outer space, in the absence of Earth’s gravitational field and where extreme temperatures manifest, involves innovative technical solutions that result in significant construction changes. This paper highlights these constructive changes and presents the mathematical modeling followed by the numerical simulation of different operating regimes of LMM. The novelty of the design resides in using a bias coil instead, in addition to permanent magnets, to magnetize the magnetostrictive core and pulse width modulated (PWM) power sources to control the two coils of the LMM (bias and activation). The total absorbed current is less than 2 A, which results in the reduction of Joule losses. Moreover, a PWM source is provided to power and control a set of three Peltier elements aimed at cooling the device. The experiments validate the design of the LMM, which elicits it to power and control devices that may modulate fuel injection for rocket engines or for machines used to adjust positioning on circumterrestrial orbits.

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A Comprehensive Review of Operation and Control, Maintenance and Lifespan Management, Grid Planning and Design, and Metering in Smart Grids

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12091630 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1630 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Luis Hernández-Callejo

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Smart Grids ◽

New Materials ◽

Efficient Operation ◽

Planning And Design ◽

Electrical Grids ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Management Grid ◽

And Control ◽

Grid Planning

New technological advances based on software, hardware and new materials must be implemented in smart grids. In addition, these advanced electrical grids must incorporate elements of artificial intelligence. Advances in software development must be complemented with the development of new hardware (power electronics and active distribution among others). The aforementioned must rely on the development of new materials and sensors, which should be integrated into the smart grid. Therefore, the four areas of research based on the technologies are: Operation and Control, Maintenance and Lifespan Management, Grid Planning and Design, and Metering. The review presents the algorithms, materials, devices and others paradigms applied to smart grids, classifying the works according to the four areas of research. This review has focused on the four fundamental pillars of smart grids, on the one hand, the need for more efficient operation and control, followed by advanced maintenance management, to continue planning and designing the new grids, and for conclude with the advanced measurement. As you will see in the article, new devices, new techniques, and future scenarios will make possible the transition from the current grid to the future smart grid.

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Pneumatic Robot for Monitoring Hazardous Environments of Coal Mines

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.198.120 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 198 ◽

pp. 120-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leszek Kasprzyczak ◽

Stanisław Trenczek ◽

Maciej Cader

Keyword(s):

Coal Dust ◽

Coal Mines ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Hard Coal ◽

Dust Explosion ◽

Pneumatic Drive ◽

Hazardous Environments ◽

Remote Measurements ◽

Technical Solutions ◽

And Control

The GMRI robot is capable of inspecting hazardous zones of methane and/or coal dust explosion in hard coal mines. The robot enables remote measurements of the concentrations of methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, temperature, and humidity. Cameras enable the robot to observe the state of the excavation. All electronic circuits of the robot, for measurements, control, transmission, and supply, are intrinsically safe. The transmission of data and control commands from/to the operators console are performed via an electric wire. Moreover, the wire enables to transmit intrinsically safe electric energy and is used to charge one of the accumulators. Thanks to that, the robot can operate in an isolated excavation for 3 months. An intrinsically safe pneumatic drive has been applied for setting wheels in motion. The non-commercial robot prototype was tested in a real excavation in an active hard coal mine. The technical solutions have been presented in the paper.

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Power System Hardware in the Loop (PSHIL): A Holistic Testing Approach for Smart Grid Technologies

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13153858 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3858 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel Barragán-Villarejo ◽

Francisco de Paula García-López ◽

Alejandro Marano-Marcolini ◽

José María Maza-Ortega

Keyword(s):

Smart Grid ◽

Power Systems ◽

Power System ◽

Hardware In The Loop ◽

Distributed Energy ◽

Power And Control ◽

Testing Approach ◽

The University ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

The smart-grid era is characterized by a progressive penetration of distributed energy resources into the power systems. To ensure the safe operation of the system, it is necessary to evaluate the interactions that those devices and their associated control algorithms have between themselves and the pre-existing network. In this regard, Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing approaches are a necessary step before integrating new devices into the actual network. However, HIL is a device-oriented testing approach with some limitations, particularly considering the possible impact that the device under test may have in the power system. This paper proposes the Power System Hardware-in-the-Loop (PSHIL) concept, which widens the focus from a device- to a system-oriented testing approach. Under this perspective, it is possible to evaluate holistically the impact of a given technology over the power system, considering all of its power and control components. This paper describes in detail the PSHIL architecture and its main hardware and software components. Three application examples, using the infrastructure available in the electrical engineering laboratory of the University of Sevilla, are included, remarking the new possibilities and benefits of using PSHIL with respect to previous approaches.

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