scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis natural population at different altitudes revealed by EST-SSR markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Cheng ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
T. Tang ◽  
G. Fan ◽  
Xiaoxia Huang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Species Level ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Different Altitudes

AbstractAltitude is thought to have greatly influenced current species distribution and their genetic diversity. However, it is unclear how different altitudes have affected the distribution and genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis, a dominant forestry species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau region (QTP). In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis populations which distributed in different altitudes of QTP using EST-SSR markers. The results suggested that this species has high genetic diversity at species level, with 100% of loci being polymorphic and an average Nei’s gene diversity (He) of 0.7186 and Shannon’s information index (I) of 1.5415. While the genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis at population level was lower than that at species level, with He and I being 0.6562 and 1.3742, respectively. The variation in genetic diversity of all four studied populations indicated a low-high-low pattern along the elevation gradients. The mid-elevation population (3050 m) was more genetically diverse than both low-elevation (2900 m) and high-elevation populations (3200 m and 3350 m). Nei’s genetic diversity (Fst= 0.0809) and AMOVA analysis (Phist = 0.1135) indicated that a low level of genetic differentiation among populations. Gene flow among populations was 2.8384, suggesting that high gene flow is a main factor leading to high levels of the genetic diversity among populations.

scholarly journals Pollen-mediated gene flow ensures connectivity among spatially discrete sub-populations of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima, a tropical food-deceptive orchid

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Stephan W. Gale ◽  
Ji-Hong Li ◽  
Gunter A. Fischer ◽  
Ming-Xun Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Paternity Analysis ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
High Genetic Diversity

Abstract Background Gene flow in plants via pollen and seeds is asymmetrical at different geographic scales. Orchid seeds are adapted to long-distance wind dispersal but pollinium transfer is often influenced by pollinator behavior. We combined field studies with an analysis of genetic diversity among 155 physically mapped adults and 1105 F1 seedlings to evaluate the relative contribution of pollen and seed dispersal to overall gene flow among three sub-populations of the food-deceptive orchid Phalaenopsis pulcherrima on Hainan Island, China. Results Phalaenopsis pulcherrima is self-sterile and predominantly outcrossing, resulting in high population-level genetic diversity, but plants are clumped and exhibit fine-scale genetic structuring. Even so, we detected low differentiation among sub-populations, with polynomial regression analysis suggesting gene flow via seed to be more restricted than that via pollen. Paternity analysis confirmed capsules of P. pulcherrima to each be sired by a single pollen donor, probably in part facilitated by post-pollination stigma obfuscation, with a mean pollen flow distance of 272.7 m. Despite limited sampling, we detected no loss of genetic diversity from one generation to the next. Conclusions Outcrossing mediated by deceptive pollination and self-sterility promote high genetic diversity in P. pulcherrima. Long-range pollinia transfer ensures connectivity among sub-populations, offsetting the risk of genetic erosion at local scales.

scholarly journals Development of Microsatellite Markers Derived from Expressed Sequence Tags of Polyporales for Genetic Diversity Analysis of EndangeredPolyporus umbellatus

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuejin Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Ruihong Wang ◽  
Ailin Zeng ◽  
Michael K. Deyholos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Polyporus Umbellatus ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Expressed Sequence

A large scale of EST sequences of Polyporales was screened in this investigation in order to identify EST-SSR markers for various applications. The distribution of EST sequences and SSRs in five families of Polyporales was analyzed, respectively. Mononucleotide was the most abundant type, followed by trinucleotide. Among five families, Ganodermataceae occupied the most SSR markers, followed by Coriolaceae. Functional prediction of SSR marker-containing EST sequences inGanoderma lucidumobtained three main groups, namely, cellular component, biological process, and molecular function. Thirty EST-SSR primers were designed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 13 naturalPolyporus umbellatusaccessions. Twenty one EST-SSRs were polymorphic with average PIC value of 0.33 and transferability rate of 71%. These 13P.umbellatusaccessions showed relatively high genetic diversity. The expected heterozygosity, Nei’s gene diversity, and Shannon information index were 0.41, 0.39, and 0.57, respectively. Both UPGMA dendrogram and principal coordinate analysis (PCA) showed the same cluster result that divided the 13 accessions into three or four groups.

Genetic structure and proposed conservation strategy for natural populations of Calycanthus chinensis Cheng et S.Y. Chang (Calycanthaceae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Chuan Fan ◽  
Nicola Pecchioni ◽  
Long-Qing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Information Index

Calycanthus chinensis Cheng et S.Y. Chang, a tertiary relic species in China, is a shade-loving and deciduous bush withan elegant shape and beautiful flower of high ornamental value. It was widely planted in gardens and miniature scapes in China.The objective of this study was to characterize the genetic variation and structure in the three extant populations of the species, in order to provide useful information for a future conservation strategy. Twenty-two of 120 RAPD primers were selected and a total of 257 stable and clear DNA fragments were scored. Calycanthus chinensis showed a lower level of genetic diversity. At the population level, the percentage of polymorphic loci, Nei's gene diversity and Shannon’s information index were 40.9%, 0.1641 and 0.2386, respectively; while at the species level, the corresponding values were 59.1%, 0.2097 and 0.3123, respectively. The estimates of genetic differentiation based on Shannon’s information index (0.2360), Nei’s gene diversity (0.2175) and AMOVA (24.94%) were very similar, and significantly higher than the average genetic differentiation reported in outcrossed spermatophyte. So it suggested high genetic differentiation emerged among populations of C. chinensis. Genetic relationships among populations were assessed by Nei’s standard genetic distance, which suggested that the Tiantai population was genetically distinct from the other two populations. Moreover, the genetic distance was significantly correlated with geographical distance among populations (r = 0.997, t > t0.05). The gene flow (Nm) was 0.8994, indicating that gene exchange among populations was restricted. A conservation strategy was proposed based on the low gene flow and habitat deterioration, which are contributing to the endangered status of this species. Key words: Genetic diversity, endangered plant, population genetics, RAPD

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Within and Among Populations of Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea L.) Based on Molecular Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna GYORGY ◽  
Maria SZABO ◽  
Dmitry BACHAROV ◽  
Andrzej PEDRYC
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Cool Climate

Rhodiola rosea L. is a perennial adaptogenic medicinal plant found in cool climate of the northern hemisphere. The species is very diverse both in terms of morphological characteristics and in the content of the pharmacologically active substances. The genetic diversity of four geographically distant roseroot populations was studied with ISSR and SSR markers. Using 7 ISSR primers 64 DNA fragments were generated and 85,94% of those were found to be polymorphic, indicating high genetic variability at the species level (gene diversity = 0.33, Shannon index = 0.48). Lower level of diversity was detected at the population level (Shannon-index ranged from 0.2173 to 0.2696). Only four out of the eight SSR markers used were informative during this study. The primer pairs for these four SSR markers produced 25 fragments with an average of 6.25 putative alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.4 to 1.0, whereas expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.47 to 0.84. Cluster analysis based on both markers revealed the same groups, individuals clustered according to their geographic origin. The Southern-Uralian population was the most genetically isolated. ITS analysis was used for the determination whether these Southern-Uralian individuals belong to the same species.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of the narrow endemic and endangered species Heteroplexis microcephala Y. L. Chen. in China revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA markers

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-675
Author(s):  
Yancai Shi ◽  
Xiao Wei ◽  
Jiqing Wei ◽  
Yongtao Li ◽  
Shengfeng Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Ex Situ

Heteroplexis microcephala Y. L. Chen. is an endemic and endangered species found only in karst limestone regions in the Yangshuo County of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in China: it is a habitat representative of species in the Heteroplexis genus. To provide basic genetic information for its conservation, in this study we evaluated the genetic variation and differentiation among six wild populations of H. microcephala by random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPD). The leaves of 141 individuals were sampled. Based on 12 primers, 113 DNA fragments were generated. Genetic diversity was low at the population level (Nei?s gene diversity (h)=0.0579; Shannon information index (I)=0.0924; percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB)=23.30%), but relatively high at the species level (h=0.1701; I=0.2551; PPB=46.34%). The coefficient of genetic differentiation based on Nei?s genetic diversity analysis (0.6661) was high, indicating that there was significant genetic differentiation among populations, which was confirmed by AMOVA analysis exhibiting population differentiation among populations of 68.77%. Low gene flow among populations (0.2507) may result from several factors, such as a harsh pollination environment, population isolation and low seed dispersal distance. Limited gene flow and self-compatibility are the primary reasons for the high genetic differentiation observed for this species. We propose the collection of seeds from more populations with fewer individuals and core populations for ex situ conservation and suggest methods to increase seed germination rates.

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity of the mustard hill coral Porites astreoides along the Florida Keys reef tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique N. Gallery ◽  
Michelle L. Green ◽  
Ilsa B. Kuffner ◽  
Elizabeth A. Lenz ◽  
Lauren T. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Porites Astreoides ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Reef Tract

AbstractIncreases in local and global stressors have led to major declines in coral populations throughout the western Atlantic. While abundances of other species have declined, however, the relative abundance of the mustard hill coral, Porites astreoides, has increased. Porites astreoides is relatively resilient to some stressors, and because of its mixed reproductive strategies, its populations often recover quickly following disturbances. The ability for P. astreoides to continue as a potential “winner” in western Atlantic reefs relies on maintaining sufficient genetic variation within populations to support acclimatization and adaptation to current and future environmental change. Without high genetic diversity and gene flow within the population, it would have limited capacity for adaptation and the species’ competitive advantages could be short-lived. In this study, we determined the genetic relatedness of 37 P. astreoides colonies at four shallow reefs along the offshore Florida Keys Reef Tract (FKRT), a region particularly hard-hit by recent disturbances. Using previously designed microsatellite markers, we determined the genetic diversity and connectivity of individuals among and between sites. Our results suggest that the FKRT likely contains a single, well-mixed genetic population of P. astreoides, with high levels of gene flow and evidence for larval migration throughout the region. This suggests that regional populations of P. astreoides likely have a higher chance of maintaining resilience than many other western Atlantic species as they face current and future disturbances.

Genetic Divergence among Populations of Invasive Alien Species Lantana camara L. from Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
SAILA KABIR ◽  
MD ABUL KASHEM ◽  
MOHAMMAD ZABED HOSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Genetic Clustering

Lantana camara L., a well-known invasive alien species causing invasion and posing threat to native plant species community in different regions of Bangladesh. The present study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of L. camara populations in different regions of Bangladesh. Eight RAPD markers were used in order to probe into its genetic variability. Total number of bands (202), polymorphic loci (104), per-centage of polymorphism (97.20%), average Shanon’s information index (0.3051±0.115), Nei’s gene diversity (0.4733±0.144) was found and in different populations and multiple divergent genetic clustering along with presence of unique alleles (4) for RAPD revealed high genetic diversity among the populations of L. camara in different regions of Bangladesh.

Genetic Diversity among Calamus brandisii Becc. (Arecaceae) Populations in Kerala Part of Western Ghats

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Kavungal Priya ◽  
◽  
Indira . ◽  
Vadakkethil Balakrishnan Sreekumar ◽  
Renuka . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Two Populations

Calamus brandisii Becc. is one of the endemic slender rattans found in the Western Ghats of India. The genetic diversity of two main populations available in Kerala was investigated using 20 RAPD and 9 ISSR markers. Two parameters viz., gene diversity and genetic diversity within and among populations were analyzed. ISSR analysis showed quite high genetic diversity in Pandimotta compared to Bonacaud population whereas in RAPD markers both these populations were moderately diverse. The percentage of total genetic differentiation (Gst) among two populations is relatively higher than the mean Gst value indicating high genetic diversity within the populations. The genetic distance between these two populations was 0.1739 with ISSR markers and 0.1971 with RAPD markers. Because of its high genetic diversity, Pandimotta population can be treated as an important population of gene diversity with potentially useful genes. This may be included in the high priority reservoir for genetic conservation also.

scholarly journals New gSSR and EST-SSR markers reveal high genetic diversity in the invasive plant Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and can be transferred to other invasive Ambrosia species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0176197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Meyer ◽  
Romain Causse ◽  
Fanny Pernin ◽  
Romain Scalone ◽  
Géraldine Bailly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
High Genetic Diversity

scholarly journals Range reduction of the Oblong Rocksnail, Leptoxis compacta, shapes riverscape genetic patterns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaliyah D. Wright ◽  
Nicole L. Garrison ◽  
Ashantye’ S. Williams ◽  
Paul D. Johnson ◽  
Nathan V. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
River System ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Range Contraction ◽  
Genetic Patterns ◽  
Cahaba River

AbstractMany freshwater gastropod species face extinction, including 79% of species in the family Pleuroceridae. The Oblong Rocksnail, Leptoxis compacta, is a narrow range endemic pleurocerid from the Cahaba River basin in central Alabama that has seen rapid range contraction in the last 100 years. Such a decline is expected to negatively affect genetic diversity in the species. However, precise patterns of genetic variation and gene flow across the restricted range of L. compacta are unknown. This lack of information limits our understanding of human impacts on the Cahaba River system and Pleuroceridae. Here, we show that L. compacta has likely seen a species-wide decline in genetic diversity, but remaining populations have relatively high genetic diversity. We also report a contemporary range extension compared to the last published survey. Leptoxis compacta does not display an isolation by distance pattern, contrasting patterns seen in many riverine taxa. Our findings also indicate that historical range contraction has resulted in the absence of common genetic patterns seen in many riverine taxa like isolation by distance as the small distribution of L. compacta allows for relatively unrestricted gene flow across its remaining range despite limited dispersal abilities. Two collection sites had higher genetic diversity than others, and broodstock sites for future captive propagation and reintroduction efforts should utilize sites identified here as having the highest genetic diversity. Broadly, our results support the hypothesis that range contraction will result in the reduction of species-wide genetic diversity, and common riverscape genetic patterns cannot be assumed to be present in species facing extinction risk.

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