scholarly journals Development of Somatic Complaints Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Switzerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258
Author(s):  
André Berchtold ◽  
Joan-Carles Surís ◽  
Thomas Meyer ◽  
Zhivko Taushanov
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Reading Literacy ◽  
Markovian Model ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
Using Data

Abstract In this study we explored the development of somatic complaints among adolescents and young adults aged 16 to 30 years in Switzerland. Using data from the Transitions from Education to Employment (TREE) study, we applied a hidden Markovian model with covariates to cluster trajectories representing the sum of eight somatic complaints. The resulting groups differed mainly in terms of gender, reading literacy, and substance use. The trajectories of somatic complaints were also related to the number of critical events experienced by the respondents.

scholarly journals The natural course of DSM-IV somatoform disorders and syndromes among adolescents and young adults: a prospective-longitudinal community study

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselind Lieb ◽  
Petra Zimmermann ◽  
Robert H Friis ◽  
Michael Höfler ◽  
Sven Tholen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Over Time

SummaryObjective.Although somatoform disorders are assumed to be chronic clinical conditions, epidemiological knowledge on their natural course based on representative samples is not available.Method.Data come from a prospective epidemiologic study of adolescents and young adults in Munich, Germany. Respondents’ diagnoses (N = 2548) at baseline and follow-up on average 42 months later are considered. The follow-up incidence, stability as well as selected baseline risk factors (sociodemographics, psychopathology, trauma exposure) for the incidence and stability of somatoform disorders and syndromes are prospectively examined. Diagnostic information was assessed by using the standardized Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI).Results.Over the follow-up period, incidence rate for any of the covered somatoform diagnoses was 25.7%. Stability for the overall group of any somatoform disorder/syndrome was 48%. Female gender, lower social class, the experience of any substance use, anxiety and affective disorder as well as the experience of traumatic sexual and physical threat events predicted new onsets of somatoform conditions, while stability was predicted by being female, prior existing substance use, affective and eating disorders as well as the experience of a serious accident.Conclusions.At least for a substantial proportion of individuals, the overall picture of somatization seems to be relatively stable, but with fluctuation in the symptom picture over time. Being female, the experience of substance use as well as anxiety disorder seem to constitute risk factors for the onset of new somatoform conditions as well as for a stable course over time.

scholarly journals Examining the Association and Directionality between Mental Health Disorders and Substance Use among Adolescents and Young Adults in the U.S. and Canada—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Esmaeelzadeh ◽  
John Moraros ◽  
Lilian Thorpe ◽  
Yelena Bird
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The U.S

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. and Canada. Methods: The following databases were used: Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Meta-analysis used odds ratios as the pooled measure of effect. Results: A total of 3656 studies were screened and 36 were selected. Pooled results showed a positive association between depression and use of alcohol (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24–1.83), cannabis (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.10–1.51), and tobacco (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43–1.92). Significant associations were also found between anxiety and use of alcohol (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19–2.00), cannabis (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02–1.81), and tobacco (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.54–3.17). A bidirectional relationship was observed with tobacco use at baseline leading to depression at follow-up (OR = 1.87, CI = 1.23–2.85) and depression at baseline leading to tobacco use at follow-up (OR = 1.22, CI = 1.09–1.37). A unidirectional relationship was also observed with cannabis use leading to depression (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.19–1.49). Conclusion: This study offers insights into the association and directionality between mental health disorders and substance use among adolescents and young adults. Our findings can help guide key stakeholders in making recommendations for interventions, policy and programming.

scholarly journals Racial identification, racial composition, and substance use vulnerability among African American adolescents and young adults.

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Stock ◽  
Frederick X. Gibbons ◽  
Meg Gerrard ◽  
Amy E. Houlihan ◽  
Chih-Yuan Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Racial Composition ◽  
Racial Identification

scholarly journals Immigrant Generation, Stress Exposure, and Substance Abuse among a South Florida Sample of Hispanic Young Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311984301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Salerno ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
Quentin K. Kilpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Generational Status ◽  
Dade County ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Using Data

Existing research finds that succeeding immigrant generations are at greater risk for mental health problems as well as higher levels of substance use. Previous studies have attempted to unpack the role of acculturation stress, discrimination, and other factors in these outcomes. Using data from a community-based sample of Miami-Dade County young adults, we use an empirically and theoretically precise measurement of generational status, allowing us to better understand the process of acculturation and adaptation experienced by each generation. Our results are consistent with theories on the relationship between exposure to social stress and substance use. We find that first-generation immigrants have less exposure to social stress and as a consequence are at a decreased risk for involvement in substance use compared to second- and third-generation immigrants, who report being exposed to higher levels of social stress and higher levels of substance use.

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