scholarly journals Textural diversity in selected Retisols in the catena of the Opalenica Plain (western Poland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Kozłowski ◽  
Jolanta Komisarek
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Ground Moraine ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Soil Parent Material

Abstract The investigation was carried out in the catena of Retisols within the Opalenica Plain. The aim of the study was to characterize the variation in texture of selected Retisols formed from ground moraine glacial till of Leszno Phase of Vistulian glaciation. The analyzed soils are characterized by a similar degree of soil material segregation, which is characteristic for the typical glacial till. Particle size distribution and granulometric indices lead to conclusion that soils located in the catena on summit and shoulder positions, have vertical texture distribution formed primarily by lessivage process. Sandy texture of eluvial horizons noted in the Retisol of the slope pediment can be a consequence of not only lessivage but also of slope forming processes that led to the appearance of lithic discontinuity. The cluster analysis using Ward’s method and 1-rPearson as the distance measure can be helpful for identification the lithogenic uniformity and/or non-uniformity of soil parent material.

X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for rapid screening of particle size in soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maame Croffie ◽  
Paul N. Williams ◽  
Owen Fenton ◽  
Anna Fenelon ◽  
Karen Daly
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray

<p>Soil texture is an essential factor for effective land management in agricultural production. Knowledge of soil texture and particle size at field scale can aid with on-going soil management decisions. Standard soil physical and gravimetric methods for particle size analysis are time-consuming and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) provides a rapid and cost-effective alternative. The objective of this study was to explore the use of XRF as a predictor for particle size. An extensive archive of Irish soils with particle size and soil texture data was used to select samples for XRF analysis. Regression and correlation analyses on XRF determined results showed that the relationship between Rb and % clay varied with soil type and was dependent on the parent material. There was a strong relationship (R > 0.62, R<sup>2</sup>>0.30, p<0.05) between Rb and clay for soils originating from bedrock such as limestones and slate. Contrastingly, no significant relationship (R<0.03, R<sup>2</sup>=0.00, p>0.05) exists between Rb and % clay for soils originating from granite and gneiss. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) between Rb and % sand. The XRF is a useful technique for rough screening of particle size distribution in soils originating from certain parent materials. Thus, this may contribute to the rapid prediction of soil texture based on knowledge of the particle size distribution.</p><p> </p>

THE EFFECT OF DRAINAGE CONDITION ON THE REDOX POTENTIAL, LEACHATE COMPOSITION AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A SOIL PARENT MATERIAL STUDIED IN THE LABORATORY

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. McKeague ◽  
C. F. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
Leachate Analysis ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Leachate Composition ◽  
Measurable Change

Plastic columns containing a calcareous clay loam soil parent material with and without ground aspen leaves at the surface were maintained under different drainage conditions for 32 months. Distilled water was added at regular intervals. Results of redox potential (Eh) measurements at four depths, leachate analysis and analysis of the soil material are presented.With water table to the surface and a layer of surface leaves, low Eh readings and appreciable iron movement resulted. In a column with fluctuating water table and surface leaves, raising the water table brought about a decrease in the Eh of the soil below the water table. Height of water table had no effect on the Eh of a column which had no leaves at the surface. In columns where the soil material was mixed with quartz sand, leaching brought about marked downward movement of silt and clay size particles. Apart from the removal of soluble salts, there was little measurable change in columns which had no admixture of sand.

scholarly journals Application of laser diffraction method for determination

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ryzak ◽  
A. Bieganowski ◽  
R.T. Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Soil Material ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Particle Size Distribution Measurement ◽  
Straight Lines

Particle size distribution affects many physical soil properties and processes taking place in soil. There are many methods to determine the particle size distribution. The most frequently used are the sieve, sieve-pipette and sedimentation methods. Technological progress in electronics permitted a wide use of new methods of particle size distribution measurement in soil, e.g. the laser diffraction method. A comparison of particle size distribution obtained with the universally used areometer method (Cassagrande, modified by Prószynski) with results from the laser diffraction method for soil material received from grey-brown podzolic soil is presented in this work. The largest differences between the results were obtained for the smallest fraction determined with the areometer and laser diffraction methods. In a majority of other cases the slopes of interpolated straight lines were contained within the range of 0.81 ÷ 1.09.

WITHIN-PEDON VARIABILITY IN SOIL PROPERTIES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. PATTERSON ◽  
G. J. WALL
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Soil Material

Replicate soil samples (2–20) from the A, B and C horizons of 41 pedons were collected to measure within-pedon variability of particle size distribution, organic matter content, calcium carbonate equivalent and pH. Variability in soil properties was examined in relation to the mode of origin of the soil material, soil horizonation and soil drainage. Variance in particle size distribution was significantly influenced by mode of deposition as well as by soil horizons, while soil drainage had no significant influence on the variation in particle size distribution. Variance in calcium carbonate equivalent and organic matter content was not influenced by soil drainage or mode of deposition. The number of replicate samples required for statistically reliable evaluation of a pedon at given confidence limits was determined for the soil properties studied. The results of these calculations indicate the need for up to five replicate samples to achieve satisfactory levels of accuracy at the 95% confidence level for some of the soil properties studied.

scholarly journals Particle-Size Distribution in Soils in Various Ground Moraine Catenas in The Masurian Lakeland

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Paweł Sowiński ◽  
Mirosław Orzechowski ◽  
Sławomir Smólczyński ◽  
Barbara Kalisz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Ground Moraine

Particle Size Distribution (Texture) of Eroded Soil Material

2002 ◽  
Vol 188 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Basic ◽  
I. Kisic ◽  
O. Nestroy ◽  
M. Mesic ◽  
A. Butorac
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Material

scholarly journals Chemical characterization and size distribution of atmospheric particles in urban area - preliminary study

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Elba Calesso Teixeira ◽  
Josete Dani Sanchez ◽  
Jandyra Fachel ◽  
Daniela Migliavacca
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Polycarbonate Membrane ◽  
Preliminary Study

The present work is a preliminary study with the aim of characterize the particle size and the chemical composition of aerosols in the Charqueadas County in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, in order to better identify the sources responsible for alterations in the air quality. Seven filters were used for collecting material on thin nucleopore polycarbonate membrane (0,4 µm) during March/1996 to July/1996. X-ray energy dispersive scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the chemical composition of aerosol particles, and 21 elements were then analysed. Particle size distribution was measured by SEM-EDX analysis, and also by automated image technique. Nonhierarchical cluster analysis was applied to identify the types of particles present in the samples. This procedure resulted in the definition of 8 groups of particles containing Fe, Zn, Si, Al, S, Ca, Na and K, that revealed the chemical heterogeneity of aerosols in Charqueadas Country. The particle size analysis showed the predominance (around 80% of all analyzed particles) of the fraction ≤ 10 µm (dia) with the highest concentration of these particles located in the size ≤ 2.0 µm (dia). Data from particle size distribution, including Falk and Ward parameters, were combined with meteorological parameters and subjected to Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Discriminant Analysis. This procedure allowed particle-based features and meteorological variables to be integrated for potentially better discriminant capability.

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