Effect of elevation and phenological stages on essential oil composition of Stachys

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masomeh Alimohammadi ◽  
Mehrab Yadegari ◽  
Hamze Ali Shirmardi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Germacrene D

AbstractObjective:Determine the best elevation and phenological stages effects on essential oil content and composition inMaterials and methods:Three phenological stages (vegetative, full flowering and seeding) and three elevation ranges (2500–2700, 2700–2900 and over 2900 m), shoots of plants collected from Kallar mountain as natural habitats from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Composition of essential oil detected by GC/MS.Results:The maximum amount of secondary metabolites of β-ocimene, methyl chavicol, germacrene-D, 1,8 cineole and phthalate had measured in vegetative stage and various of elevation ranges. The most essential oil content (0.145%) was obtained in 2700–2900 m and full flowering stage. The most components in full flowering were β-eudesmol, menthol and γ-eudesmol. The most of germacrene-D, levomenol, β-thujene, β-caryophyllene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-eudesmol and delta-cadinene was achieved in seeding stage.Conclusion:Elevation and phenological stages had significant effect on essential oil of

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition of Thymus × citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. at Different Harvest Stages

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem TONCER ◽  
Sengul KARAMAN ◽  
Emel DIRAZ ◽  
Tahsin SOGUT ◽  
Suleyman KIZIL
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Active Substances

Thymus is represented by 39 species (60 taxa) in Turkey and the rate of its endemism is 45% in Turkey. The herb is widely used for several purposes. Its essential oil compositions and biologically active substances are affected by the phenological stages. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the variations in the essential oil composition of Thymus × citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. growing in Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey at different phenological stages (pre-flowering, full flowering, post flowering). The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of air-dried samples. The yields of oils (w/w %) at different phenological stages was respectively 2.0% at pre-flowering state, 1.9% at flowering stage, and 1.3% at post-flowering stage. T. × citriodorus was determined mainly by using GC/MS. A total of 21 compounds, representing 93.9% in the pre-flowering stage, 98.8% in the flowering stage and 98.91% in post-flowering of the total oil, were identified. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (terpinolene) and oxygenated monoterpenes (α-terpineol) were observed to have the highest percentage in T. × citriodorus oil. The major compounds of the oil were terpinolene, α- terpineol, linalool, bornyl acetate and borneol. The highest percentage of terpinolene was determined to be 71% in flowering stages.

scholarly journals Analysis of the essential oil composition of three cultivated Nepeta species from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Zahra Amirmohammadi ◽  
Majid Azizi ◽  
Seyyed Hossein Nemati ◽  
Marcello Iriti ◽  
Sara Vitalini
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Nepeta Cataria ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Main Components

AbstractEssential oils (EOs) of three Iranian cultivated Nepeta species were investigated. The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of air-dried plant materials at full flowering stage and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). In total, 89 compounds were detected. In over 2 years, a number of constituents were identified in the EO of Nepeta binaloudensis first and second years (26 and 37, respectively), Nepeta cataria (25 and 32, respectively), and Nepeta assurgens (45 and 50, respectively). In the oils of N. binaloudensis, 4a-α,7-α,7a-α-nepetalactone (NL) 59.7% and 1,8-cineole (19.6%) during the first and second years, respectively, were the main constituents. The main components of N. cataria were 4a-α,7-α,7a-β-NL (72.8%) and 4a-α,7-β,7a-α-NL (73.9%) during the first and second years, respectively, and 4a–α,7-α,7a-α-NL (55.5%) and 1,8-cineole (24.1%) during the first and second years, respectively, were the main constituents of N. assurgens. The results showed that NLs isomers and 1,8-cineole were the main components of the oils of three cultivated Nepeta species.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) populations from different origin

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gosztola ◽  
E. Németh ◽  
S. Sárosi ◽  
K. Szabó ◽  
A. Kozák
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Main Component

In our research project under cultivation we examined 4 cultivars ('Soroksári 40', 'Lutea , 'Goral', 'Bona') and 28 wild populations of chamomile assuring all of them the same environmental conditions. Plant height, flower-diameter, essential-oil content, and the main terpenoid and flavonoid composition were analysed. The aim of our study was to establish the genetic background of breeding a new cultivar as well as encircle those natural habitats that give chamomile drug with the best quality. In the case of plant height populations from the Great Hungarian Plain were lower than plants from Transdanubia and the control cultivars. Between the wild and the standard individuals we found significant differences with relevance to the flower-diameter. With regard to the essential oil content the populations were very heterogeneous even those, which came from the same habitat. Populations form Transdanubia and Nagyiván reached the essential oil level of the cultivars (0.721-0.931 gi100g), and 75% of the examined plants exceeded the minimum requirement of the PhHg VIII. According to the essential oil composition our previous statement was confirmed that in the populations of Transdanubia and Northern part of Danube—Tisza Mid Region the main component is bisabolol-oxide A (30-41.2%), while plants native to the territory cast of the river Tisza are mainly characterised by a-bisabolol (32.3-48.4). In some samples the ratio of bisabolol-oxide B was more than 10%. The chamazulene content was higher in the cultivars selected to this component (above 20%), than in the wild populations (varied between 1.22 and 17.2%). Populations originated from the central part of Hortobágy region had extremely high apigenin content (10-13 mg/g), but in the case of chlorogenic acid, hyperoside and quercitrin we did not find any differences affected by the origin.

scholarly journals Changes in the essential oil composition of Majorana hortensis Moench. cultivated in India during plant ontogeny

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Verma ◽  
Rajesh Verma ◽  
Amit Chauhan ◽  
Ajai Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Plant Ontogeny ◽  
Different Ages

The essential oil content and composition of 'sweet marjoram? (Majorana hortensis Moench) cultivated in the Kumaon region of the western Himalaya was studied at different ages of the crop. The samples were taken after 60, 90, 120 and 150 days of transplanting. The essential oil contents varied from 0.20 % to 0.70 %. The essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Twenty eight components, representing 96.53% - 98.44% of the oil, were identified. The major essential oil constituents, viz., (Z)-sabinene hydrate (37.05% - 47.49%), terpinen-4-ol (14.45% - 16.22%) and (E)-sabinene hydrate (5.81% - 6.97 %) showed considerable variation in their concentrations in relation to crop age.

scholarly journals Leaf Essential Oil Composition of Five Species of Beilschmiedia from Monteverde, Costa Rica

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700200 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Setzer ◽  
William A. Haber
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Cis And Trans

The leaf essential oils of five species of Beilschmiedia from Monteverde, Costa Rica (Beilschmiedia alloiophylla, B. brenesii, B. costaricensis, B. tilaranensis, and an undescribed Beilschmiedia species “chancho blanco”) have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS in order to discern the differences and similarities between the volatile chemical compositions of these species. The principal constituents of B. alloiophylla leaf oil were germacrene D (18.9%), cis- and trans-β-ocimene (18.8% and 9.3%, respectively), α-pinene (11.8%), and bicyclogermacrene (9.1%). The leaf oil of B. brenesii was composed largely of the sesquiterpenes germacrene D (19.3%), β-caryophyllene (13.4%), α-copaene (9.0%), α-humulene (8.1%), and δ-cadinene (5.8%), and the carbonyl compounds 2-undecanone (12.8%), trans-2-hexenal (8.8%), and 2-tridecanone (3.8%). α-Bisabolol (72.1%) dominated the leaf oil of B. costaricensis, while B. tilaranensis had germacrene D (54.9%), β-caryophyllene (14.8%), and δ-cadinene (5.1%) as major components. Beilschmiedia “chancho blanco” leaf oil was composed largely of β-caryophyllene (16.6%), bicyclogermacrene (14.1%), and α-pinene (12.1%).

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts of Eryngium aquifolium from Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Palá-Paúl ◽  
Jaime Usano-Alemany ◽  
Joseph J. Brophy ◽  
María J. Pérez-Alonso ◽  
Ana-Cristina Soria
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Different Parts

The essential oils from the different parts [inflorescences (E.a.I), stems + leaves (E.a.SL) and roots (E.a.R)] of E. aquifolium Cav. gathered in Cádiz (Spain), have been extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Quantitative and qualitative differences have been found between the analyzed plant parts. A total of 107 compounds have been identified. The main constituents were germacrene D (30.3%) and sesquicineole (26.7%) for E.a.I fraction, germacrene D (46.0%) and myrcene (13.8%) in the E.a.SL, while E.a.R showed phyllocladene isomer (63.6%) as a unique major compound. The percentage composition of the other constituents was lower than 5.5% in all the analyzed fractions. In agreement with other Eryngium species, no specific compound could be used as a marker for the chemotaxonomy of E. aquifolium. However, similarities in volatile composition were found between E. aquifolium and other species growing under similar environmental conditions. As far as we know, this is the first report on the essential oil of this species.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition and In Vivo Volatiles Emission by Different Parts of Coleostephus Myconis Capitula

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Flamini ◽  
Pier Luigi Cioni ◽  
Simonetta Maccioni ◽  
Rosa Baldini
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Different Parts

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the flowering capitula of Coleostephus myconis (syn. Chrysanthemum myconis) was constituted almost exclusively of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (85.8%). The main constituent was T-cadinol (66.2%), followed by valeranone (8.2%), germacrene D (6.0%) and α-cadinol (4.6%). By mean of the SPME technique, the volatiles emitted in vivo by the whole capitula and by tubular and ligulate florets have been identified. Many differences were evidenced among the different organs and with respect to the essential oil

scholarly journals Inflorescence and leaves essential oil composition of hydroponically grown Ocimum basilicum L.

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1361-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Hassanpouraghdam ◽  
G.R. Gohari ◽  
S.J. Tabatabaei ◽  
M.R. Dadpour
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Potential Applicability ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

In order to characterize the essential oils of leaves and inflorescences, water distilled volatile oils of hydroponically grown Ocimum basilicum L. were analyzed by GC/EI-MS. Fifty components were identified in the inflorescence and leaf essential oils of the basil plants, accounting for 98.8 % and 99.9 % of the total quantified components respectively. Phenylpropanoids (37.7 % for the inflorescence vs. 58.3 % for the leaves) were the predominant class of oil constituents, followed by sesquiterpenes (33.3 % vs. 19.4 %) and monoterpenes (27.7 % vs. 22.1 %). Of the monoterpenoid compounds, oxygenated monoterpenes (25.2 % vs. 18.9 %) were the main subclass. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (25 % vs. 15.9 %) possessed the main subclass of sesquiterpenoidal compounds as well. Methyl chavicol, a phenylpropane derivative, (37.2 % vs. 56.7 %) was the principle component of both organ oils, with up to 38 % and 57 % of the total identified components of the inflorescence and leaf essential oils, respectively. Linalool (21.1 % vs. 13.1 %) was the second common major component followed by ?-cadinol (6.1 % vs. 3 %), germacrene D (6.1 % vs. 2.7 %) and 1,8-cineole (2.4 % vs. 3.5 %). There were significant quantitative but very small qualitative differences between the two oils. In total, considering the previous reports, it seems that essential oil composition of hydroponically grown O. basilicum L. had volatile constituents comparable with field grown counterparts, probably with potential applicability in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

scholarly journals Essential oil Composition of Ficus Benjamina (Moraceae)and Irvingia Barteri (Irvingiaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Razaq Jimoh ◽  
Adedoyin A. Ajetunmobi ◽  
Nudewhenu O. Avoseh ◽  
Guido Flamini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Ficus Benjamina ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Oil

Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves of two Nigerian species were analyzed for their constituents by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The leaf oil of Ficus benjamina L. (Moraceae), collected during the day, contained high contents of α-pinene (13.9%), abietadiene (9.7%), cis-α-bisabolene (8.2%) and germacrene-D-4-ol (8.4%), while the night sample was dominated by germacrene-D-4-ol (31.5%), 1,10-di- epi-cubenol (8.8%) and hexahydrofarnesylacetone (8.3%). This could be a possible indication of differences in emissions of volatiles by F. benjamina during the day and night. The main compounds of Irvingia barteri Hook. f. (Irvingiaceae) were β-caryophyllene (17.0%), (E)-α-ionone (10.0%), geranial (7.6%), (E)-β-ionone (6.6%) and β-gurjunene (5.1%).

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