UV-VIS Absorption Spectra of Molten AgCl and AgBr and of their Mixtures with Group I and II Halide Salts

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 787-790
Author(s):  
Giorgio G.W. Greening
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
Fundamental Absorption Edge ◽  
Silver Bromide ◽  
Group I ◽  
Halide Salts

AbstractThe UV-VIS absorption spectra of (Ag1-X[Li-Cs, Ba]X)Cl and of (Ag1-X[Na, K, Cs]X)Br at 823 K at the concentrations X=0.0, 0.1, 0.2 have been measured. The findings show that on adding the respective halides to molten silver chloride and silver bromide, shifts of the fundamental absorption edge to shorter wavelengths result. A correlation between the observed shifts and the expansion of the silver sub-lattice is found, which is valid for both silver halide systems studied in this work.

Optical Investigation of Bi2O3-B2O3 Glass System

2010 ◽  
Vol 93-94 ◽  
pp. 336-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitipun Boonin ◽  
Jakrapong Kaewkhao ◽  
Pichet Limsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Fundamental Absorption Edge ◽  
Optical Investigation ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
Molar Volumes

Glasses with composition xBi2O3:(100-x)B2O3 with 30x70 (in mol%) have been prepared using the normal melt-quench technique and investigated their properties. The optical absorption spectra of the glasses have been measured in the wavelength range 400-700 nm. It has been found that, the fundamental absorption edge has been identified from the optical absorption spectra. The values of optical band gap were decreased and the molar volumes were increased, with the addition of Bi2O3, due to the formulation of non-bridging oxygen (NBOs).

The Improbability of the Photographic Process

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Slifkin
Keyword(s):  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Silver Bromide ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Latent Image ◽  
High Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Tone Quality

The very high sensitivity of silver halide photographic emulsions is the result of a surprisingly high quantum efficiency in the formation of the latent image, combined with a large amplification of the stored optical signal upon photographic “development.” The efficient formation of the latent image can be traced to the effects of an unusual set of physical properties of silver bromide and silver chloride, involving the electron energy band structure, the dynamics of photoelectrons, the nature and mobilities of the ionic point defects, and the existence of a sub-surface electric field.Despite the current availability of a wide variety of optical recording systems, the standard silver halide photographic emulsion continues to offer a unique combination of sensitivity, resolution, tone quality, convenience, and economy. This article will outline the physical processes that operate in forming the image. It will emphasize the unusual set of properties of silver bromide and silver chloride that are involved, and that impart to the process its extraordinary efficiency. Only black-and-white images will be considered, but the same basic imaging process is involved in color photography as well.This discussion is, of necessity, brief and often qualitative, but more complete treatments of the scientific aspects of the photographic process can be found in the other articles in this issue of the MRS BULLETIN, as well as in the bibliography.

scholarly journals The Antimicrobial Action of Silver Halides in Calcium Phosphate

2014 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daina Kalnina ◽  
Karlis Agris Gross ◽  
Pavels Onufrijevs ◽  
Edvins Dauksta ◽  
Vizma Nikolajeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Silver Iodide ◽  
Silver Chloride ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
Silver Bromide ◽  
Silver Halides ◽  
Carbonated Apatite

Silver halides represent a yet unexplored avenue for imparting antimicrobial activity in calcium phosphates. Silver halide colloids were added to calcium phosphate. Concurrent melting of silver halides and crystallization of carbonated apatite was achieved by heating to increase the silver halide surface area available to bacteria.Pseudomonas aeruginosa were more sensitive to silver iodide and silver bromide than Staphylococcus aureus. Silver iodide demonstrated greater activity than silver bromide. Silver chloride did not produce an antibacterial response. Both amorphous calcium phosphate and carbonated apatite displayed similar antibacterial activity when accompanied by silver halides. It is thought that amorphous calcium phosphate dissolves more readily and increases the bioavailability of the silver halide particles. Silver iodide displays a greater antibacterial response of all silver halides, with a response that is improved in a more resorbable matrix.

Effect of Bi2O3 Content on the Properties of Bi2O3-BaO-B2O3 Glass System

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakrapong Kaewkhao ◽  
Artorn Pokaipisit ◽  
Weerapong Chewpraditkul
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Fundamental Absorption Edge ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
Network Modifier ◽  
Oxide Ion

Glasses with composition xBi2O3:(60-x)BaO:40B2O3 with 10£x£50 (in mol%) have been prepared using the normal melt-quench technique. The optical absorption spectra of the glasses have been recorded in the wavelength range 400-700 nm. The fundamental absorption edge has been identified from the optical absorption spectra. The values of optical band gap are decreased with the addition of Bi2O3. The density and molar volume studies indicated that Bi2O3 in these glasses is acting partly as network modifier and partly as network former.Values of the theoretical optical basicity are also reported and discuss in term of oxide ion polarizability.

Optical Constants of GaSe at the Fundamental Absorption Edge

1977 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Antonioli ◽  
D. Bianchi ◽  
V. Canevari ◽  
U. Emiliani ◽  
P. Podini
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
Fundamental Absorption Edge
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