Derivatives of Khellinonequinone and their Aflatoxigenic Activity

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. H. Hishmat ◽  
S. S. Mabrouk ◽  
A. M. M. Nasef ◽  
N. M. A. Shayeb ◽  
S. A. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Main Product ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Weak Effect ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Derivatives Of

Nitration of khellinone leads to the formation of a small amount of 3-nitrokhellinone and 5-acetyl-6-hydroxybenzofuran-4.7-dione (khellinonequinone) as a main product. The latter compound reacts with primary amines to give the corresponding imino compounds. Reaction of khellinone with o-phenylenediamine involves condensation followed by cyclisation. While on the other hand treating with phenyl hydrazines gives the phenyl hydrazone. The pyrazolobenzofuran derivative was obtained by the action of hydrazine hydrate on khellinonequinone. Finally the reaction with malononitrile leads to the formation of the ylidene derivative. Two quinone derivatives showed a weak effect on mycelial growth and aflatoxin formation.

Arylhydrazonothiazolidinones: Ring Cleavage and Alkylation of the 5-Arylhydrazono Derivatives of Rhodanine and Isorhodanine

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmi A. Kassab ◽  
Sanaa O. Abd Allah ◽  
Said A. Elbahaii
Keyword(s):  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ring Cleavage ◽  
Ethyl Bromoacetate ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract The 5-arylhydrazono derivatives of rhodanine and isorhodanine were subjected to the action of hydrazine hydrate to afford the arylhydrazonomercaptomethyl-triazolinones (3) and -triazolinthiones (3) respectively. Treatment of 1 with benzylamine afforded thioxalic acid dibenzylamide (5). On the other hand treatment of 2 with the same reagent afforded the corresponding benzylimino derivatives (6).Alkylation of 1 and 2 with ethyl bromoacetate and chloroacetamide yielded the corresponding S-alkyl derivatives (7) and (8), respectively.

New Route Synthesis of Styryl Pyrones: High Yield Synthesis, Reactions and Spectral Properties of 2-Phenyl-6-Styryl-4-Pyrones

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (10) ◽  
pp. 654-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Moneim El-Ghanam
Keyword(s):  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Sodium Ethoxide ◽  
Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Pentasulfide ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Synthesis Reactions ◽  
Derivatives Of

2-Phenyl-6-styryl-4-pyrone derivatives have been synthesised from the reaction of ethyl phenylpropiolate with benzylideneacetone derivatives in the presence of sodium ethoxide. Treatment of styrylpyrone with phosphorus pentasulfide gave the corresponding styrylpyran-4-thione which on treatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and aqueous methylamine afforded the corresponding oxime and 1-methyl-2-phenyl-6-styrylpyridine-4(1H)-thione, respectively. On the other hand, styrylpyran-4-thione reacted with malononitrile to give pyrolylidenemalononitrile which on treatment with bidentate reagents, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, thiourea, and thiosemicarbazide afforded the corresponding styrylspiropyran derivatives of pyrazole, 1,2-oxazole or 1,3-thiazine, respectively.

scholarly journals II. Compounds isomeric with the sulphocyanic ethers.—I. On the mustard oil of the ethyl series

1868 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 254-258
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Derivatives Of

The results of my researches on the chloroform-derivatives of the primary monamines, which, as I have shown, are isomeric with the nitriles, could not fail to direct my attention to allied groups of bodies, with the view of discovering similar isomerisms. In a note communicated to the Royal Society some months ago, I expressed the expectations which even then appeared to be justified in the following manner:—“In conclusion, I may be permitted to announce as everv probable the existence of a series of bodies isomeric with the sulphocyanides. Already M. Cloëz has shown that the action of chloride of cyanogen on ethylate of potassium gives rise to the formation of an ethylic cyanate possessing properties absolutely different from those belonging to the cyanate discovered by M. Wurtz. On comparing, on the other hand the properties of the methylic and ethylic sulphocyamdes with those of the sulphocyanides of allyl and phenyl, it can scarcely be doubted that we have here the representatives of two groups entirely different, and that the terms of the methyl- and ethyl-series which correspond to oil of mustard, and to the sulphocyanide of phenyl, still remain to be discovered. Experiments with which I am now engaged will show whether these bodies cannot be obtained by the action of the iodides of methyl and ethyl on sulphocyanide of silver."

The ability of ectomycorrhizal fungi to utilize fatty acids and a lipid as a carbon source for mycelial growth

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1285-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takefumi Hattori ◽  
Akira Ohta ◽  
Masayuki Itaya ◽  
Mikio Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ecm Fungi ◽  
Relative Utilization

We have investigated growth of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi (i.e., 55 strains of 32 species in 15 genera) on saturated (palmitate), monounsaturated (oleate), diunsaturated (linoleate), triunsaturated (linolenate) fatty acids, and the triacylglyceride of oleate (triolein) lipid to elucidate an ability to utilize the fatty acids and lipid as a carbon source for growth. Relative utilization ratios (URs, %) based on mycelial growth on glucose suggest that ECM fungi belonging to the family Thelephoraceae have an ability to utilize palmitate. On the other hand, ECM fungi in the genus Laccaria can utilize at least either palmitate or oleate. Furthermore, Hygropharus russula grows on palmitate, oleate, and slightly on triolein. Lactarius chrysorrheus grows only on palmitate. These fatty-acid- and lipid-utilizing fungi may be promising as model fungi for further elucidation of the metabolic ability to utilize the fatty acids and lipid as a carbon source. On the contrary, the fungi in the genus Suillus were shown to scarcely utilize the fatty acids and lipid. Furthermore, most ECM fungi did not grow on either linoleate or linolenate.Key words: carbon source, ectomycorrhizal fungi, fatty acid, lipid, mycelial growth.

Application of Maple on Solving the Differential Problem of Rational Functions

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 855-860
Author(s):  
Chii Huei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Rational Functions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mathematical Software ◽  
Differential Problem ◽  
Binomial Theorem ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Derivatives Of

This paper uses the mathematical software Maple as the auxiliary tool to study the differential problem of four types of rational functions. We can obtain the closed forms of any order derivatives of these rational functions by using binomial theorem. On the other hand, we propose four examples to do calculation practically. The research methods adopted in this study involved finding solutions through manual calculations and verifying these solutions by using Maple. This type of research method not only allows the discovery of calculation errors, but also helps modify the original directions of thinking from manual and Maple calculations. For this reason, Maple provides insights and guidance regarding problem-solving methods.

scholarly journals Compatibility of Trichoderma isolates with pesticides used in lettuce crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaele Aparecida Franco da Silva ◽  
Karina Elaine de Moura ◽  
Kamila Ellen de Moura ◽  
Denise Salomão ◽  
Flávia Rodrigues Alves Patricio
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Sclerotinia Minor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Lettuce Drop ◽  
Trichoderma Isolates

ABSTRACT Lettuce drop, caused by Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum, is one of the most important diseases that affect lettuce crop in Brazil. In previous studies, isolates of Trichoderma asperellum (IBLF 897, IBLF 904 and IBLF 914) and T. asperelloides (IBLF 908) were selected for the biocontrol of this disease. In this subsequent study, the compatibility of these isolates with pesticides used in lettuce crop in Brazil was evaluated. Initially, the mycelial growth of isolates was evaluated in culture medium plus pesticides. Then, the effect of pesticides on the parasitism of T. asperelloides isolate IBLF 914 in baits and sclerotia of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum, as well as on the survival of lettuce seedlings, was evaluated in gerboxes after application on baits and sclerotia of the antagonist with pesticides at their respective commercial doses. The fungicides pencycuron and mandipropamid and the insecticide imidacloprid did not affect the mycelial growth of Trichoderma isolates. The fungicide iprodione did not affect the mycelial growth of T. asperellum isolates. but the isolate of T. asperelloides was sensitive from the concentration of 10 µg.L-1 fungicide. Procymidone reduced the mycelial growth of Trichoderma isolates from the concentration of 10 µg.L-1 fungicide, and azoxystrobin reduced the conidial germination of the isolates of the antagonist, showing LD50 between 0.36 and 0.42 µg.L-1 fungicide. On the other hand, in the experiment carried out in “gerboxes”, none of the pesticides reduced the parasitism of baits and sclerotia or reduced the control of S. minor and S. sclerotiorum in lettuce seedlings. Results indicate that the biological control of lettuce drop with T. asperelum isolate IBLF 914 can be compatible with the remaining phytosanitary treatments used in lettuce crop.

Polyhedral boron derivatives of porphyrins and phthalocyanines

2001 ◽  
Vol 05 (11) ◽  
pp. 767-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR I. BREGADZE ◽  
IGOR B. SIVAEV ◽  
DETLEF GABEL ◽  
DIETER WÖHRLE
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Neutron Capture Therapy ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Boron Compounds ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Derivatives Of

The synthesis of compounds containing polyhedral boron cages and porphyrin or phthalocyanine units connected covalently in one molecule is reviewed. The importance of these compounds arises, on the one hand, from the use of polyhedral boron derivatives in neutron capture therapy for cancer; on the other hand, porphyrins and phthalocyanines are known as photosensitizers in photodynamic tumor therapy. Current interest in the binding of polyhedral boron compounds to porphyrins and phthalocyanines is due to the observation that porphyrins and phthalocyanines show improved uptake and good persistence in tissues. Medical applications of compounds containing polyhedral boron cages and porphyrin or phthalocyanine units in one molecule are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Charge transfer control by substituents: Donor pyrroles and fluoro-anilines

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Neubauer ◽  
Sukumaran Murali ◽  
Wolfgang Rettig
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Benzene Ring ◽  
The Other ◽  
Substituted Benzenes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Alkane Solvents ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Acceptor Moiety ◽  
Donor Substituent

Derivatives of N-phenyl pyrrole with a para-donor substituent on the acceptor benzene ring are compared. It is shown that by a suitable increase of the donor strength of the pyrrolo group, CT fluorescence can be achieved even for donor-donor substituted benzenes. On the other hand, introducing fluoro substituents into the acceptor moiety strongly enhances the CT formation tendency, and several new compounds with CT fluorescence even in alkane solvents are presented.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Antitumor Activity of Some New Oganotellurium Compounds Containing Azomethine Group, Part One

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1464-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafid H. Al-Asadi ◽  
Tarik A. Fahad ◽  
Bahjat A. Saeed ◽  
Wasfi A. Al-Masoudi
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
The Other ◽  
Azomethine Group ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Group Part

New tellurated schiff bases were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding mercurated Schiff  bases compounds A1-A3 with tellurium tetrabromide in 1:1 mole ratio and  that  gave organyltellurium tribromides  A4-A6.  On the other hand, when mercurated schiff bases and tellurium tetrabromide brought  together in 2:1 mole ratio gave diorganyltellurium dibromides compounds A10-A12 followed by reduction with hydrazine hydrate gave new diorganyl tellurides A13-A15.  Reduction of compounds A4-A6 by  hydrazine hydrate gave new ditellurides A7-A9.  All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H , 13C NMR, HSQC-NMR and mass spectra.  Invitro anti-tumor bioactivity of some compounds were tested. 

scholarly journals Theory of the Icon of Christos Yannaras

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Tina Mosiakina
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Erotic

The article regards the phenomenon of the icon in the interpretation of Greek theologian and philosopher Christos Yannaras. His work Personality and Eros is taken as a basis, where the author describes this phenomenon, based on a thorough body of works of Orthodox thought.The icon is primarily considered not only as a model of reality, reflection or image of events and objects, or allegory-allegory; attention is focused on the icon as a category of cognition. The study traces the conditions of functioning of the iconological language, as well as its connection with apophatic and cataphatic theological thought. The specifics of the poetics of the iconological language are also revealed, aiming at both concealment and elucidation of the truth.An attempt is also made to transfer the theory of the icon to the anthropological plane, in accordance with the erotic gesture of self-denial. The focus is on the aesthetic component of the iconic perception not only of icons but also of other phenomena of art or the surrounding world. Thus, owing to the derivatives of the theory of the icon, the analysis of art in the anthropological plane is carried out.Possible types of reduction of the iconological language according to the function of the icon as a means of cognition are also revealed. In this regard, the significance of the so-called ‘theology of assimilation’ and its possible connection with the moralistic reduction in the interpretation of Ch. Yannaras are analyzed. On the other hand, aesthetic reduction is also described, which, in turn, has the ability to provoke iconoclastic resistance.Thus, the aim of the work is to study the phenomenon of the icon as a category of knowledge in the works of Ch. Yannaras, as well as to consider the icon and the iconological language in their connection with issues of the aesthetic and anthropological nature.

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