Homocysteine-Induced Oxidative Damage: Mechanisms and Possible Roles in Neurodegenerative and Atherogenic Processes

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Schlüssel ◽  
Gudrun Preibisch ◽  
S. Piitter ◽  
E. F. Elstner
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Biochemical Model ◽  
Oxidation Of Methionine ◽  
Model Reactions

Abstract Increased blood plasma concentrations of the sulphur amino acid homocysteine (“homocysteinemia”) have been brought into context with neurodegenerative and arteriosclerotic symptoms and diseases. We recently reported on biochemical model reactions on the prooxidative activity of hom ocysteine including the desactivation of Na+/K+-ATPases and hemolysis of erythrocytes (Preibisch et al., 1993). In this communication we extend our model reactions including the oxidation of methionine, metabolization of pyridoxalphosphate and dihydroxyphenylalanine, desactivations of transaminases and peroxidation of low density lipoprotein

scholarly journals Metabolomics Approach Explore Diagnostic Biomarkers and Metabolic Changes in Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741
Author(s):  
Shuangming Yue ◽  
Siyan Ding ◽  
Jia Zhou ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Xiaofei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Low Density ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

In the present experiment, we investigated the impact of heat stress (HS) on physiological parameters, dry matter intake, milk production, the metabolome of milk, and blood plasma in lactating Holstein dairy cows. For this purpose, 20 Holstein lactating cows were distributed in two groups in such a way that each group had 10 cows. A group of 10 cows was reared in HS conditions, while the other group of 10 cows was reared in the thermoneutral zone. The results of the experiment showed that cows subjected to HS had higher respiration rates (p < 0.01) and greater rectal temperature (p < 0.01). Results of milk production and composition explored that HS lowered milk production (p < 0.01) and milk protein percentage (p < 0.05) than cows raised in a thermoneutral place. Furthermore, HS increased the concentrations of N-acetyl glycoprotein, scyllo-inositol, choline, and pyridoxamine in milk, while HS decreased the concentrations of O-acetyl glycoprotein, glycerophosphorylcholine, citrate, and methyl phosphate in milk. Moreover, HS enhanced plasma concentrations of alanine, glucose, glutamate, urea, 1-methylhistidine, histidine, and formate in cows, while the plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein, very-low-density lipoprotein, leucine, lipid, and 3-hydroxybutyrate decreased due to HS. Based on the findings of the current research, it is concluded that HS alters the milk and blood plasma metabolites of lactating Holstein dairy cows. Overall, in the current experiment, HS altered eight metabolites in milk and twelve metabolites in the plasma of lactating Holstein dairy cows. Furthermore, the current study explored that these metabolites were mainly involved in proteolysis, gluconeogenesis, and milk fatty acid synthesis and could be potential biomarkers for dairy cows undergoing HS.

Desialylation of Low Density Lipoprotein -Metabolic Function versus Oxidative Damage ?

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Schlüssel ◽  
E. F. Elstner
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Function Versus ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Lipoprotein Particles

Abstract Low density lipoproteins are generally considered to play a major role in the development of atherosclerotic vascular diseases. There is growing interest in LDL subspecies, especially in their density, carbohydrate content and oxidizability, which is supposed to enhance athero-genicity. We investigated the influence of desialylation on the resistance of the lipoprotein particles towards Cu(II) prooxidative activity.

scholarly journals Lunasin Improves the LDL-C Lowering Efficacy of Simvastatin via Inhibiting PCSK9 Expression in Hepatocytes and ApoE−/− Mice

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Gu ◽  
Yaqin Gong ◽  
Cheng Zhao ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Qinghua Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Ldl Uptake ◽  
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1Α ◽  
Coa Reductase

Statins are the most popular therapeutic drugs to lower plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) synthesis by competitively inhibiting hydroxyl-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and up-regulating the hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). However, the concomitant up-regulation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) by statin attenuates its cholesterol lowering efficacy. Lunasin, a soybean derived 43-amino acid polypeptide, has been previously shown to functionally enhance LDL uptake via down-regulating PCSK9 and up-regulating LDLR in hepatocytes and mice. Herein, we investigated the LDL-C lowering efficacy of simvastatin combined with lunasin. In HepG2 cells, after co-treatment with 1 μM simvastatin and 5 μM lunasin for 24 h, the up-regulation of PCSK9 by simvastatin was effectively counteracted by lunasin via down-regulating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF-1α), and the functional LDL uptake was additively enhanced. Additionally, after combined therapy with simvastatin and lunasin for four weeks, ApoE−/− mice had significantly lower PCSK9 and higher LDLR levels in hepatic tissues and remarkably reduced plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C, as compared to each monotherapy. Conclusively, lunasin significantly improved the LDL-C lowering efficacy of simvastatin by counteracting simvastatin induced elevation of PCSK9 in hepatocytes and ApoE−/− mice. Simvastatin combined with lunasin could be a novel regimen for hypercholesterolemia treatment.

scholarly journals Low-density lipoprotein mimics blood plasma-derived exosomes and microvesicles during isolation and detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara W Sódar ◽  
Ágnes Kittel ◽  
Krisztina Pálóczi ◽  
Krisztina V Vukman ◽  
Xabier Osteikoetxea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density
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