Increased Hatchability of Chickens against the Background of the Use of Water-Soluble Antioxidants

The use of antioxidants is an effective means of increasing egg production and hatchability of chickens. The difficulty in application is in the methods of administration of drugs to chickens. Fat-soluble antioxidants are mainly available on the market. Aims: The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of water-soluble antioxidants on physiological and zootechnical indicators of egg incubation and hatchability of offspring. Methodology: The study was conducted on two groups of laying hens of Ostad, selected by random sampling of one hundred heads per group. For 41 days, the chickens of the experimental group received a basic diet enriched with dihydroetoxychine (DHE) in order to increase the antioxidant status at a dosage of 100 mg/kg of feed. Samples were taken from the axillary vein on the 25th day of application of the supplement (n=5) for physiological and biochemical studies. Results: During the study, it was found that in the experimental group, the concentration of cholesterol in the high-density lipoprotein fraction doubled (P<0.01), and in the low-density lipoprotein fraction decreased by almost 50% (P<0.01) compared to the control. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood of chickens of the experimental group was 82.00% relative to that in the control, and in the egg yolk – only 37.42%. Egg production of chickens of the experimental group exceeded the control by 7.27%. Conclusion: The totality of the information provided confirms the physiological adequacy for laying hens of the introduction of dihydroethoxychine in the specified dose.

A case of tamoxifen-induced hypertriglyceridemia monitoring the changes in lipoprotein fractions over time

Background Tamoxifen, which is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), can bring out life-threatening complication, e.g. hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis, although it is rare. We precisely report changes in lipoprotein metabolism before and after tamoxifen discontinuation because there have been few reports of it. Case presentation 47-year-old premenopausal woman with dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease was prescribed tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy after operation of breast cancer. She experienced severe tamoxifen-induced hypertriglyceridemia several months after dosing tamoxifen. Before cessation of tamoxifen, lipoprotein fraction test revealed marked stagnation of VLDL and IDL metabolisms, resulting in severe hypertriglyceridemia (serum triglyceride level was 1881 mg/dL). Seven days after tamoxifen withdrawal, lipoprotein fraction test showed that the metabolisms of endogenous lipoproteins were changed drastically. Conclusions From these results, we confirmed that tamoxifen certainly changes lipoprotein metabolism through suppression of post-heparin lipolytic activity. It is very important to evaluate the balance between benefit and risk before dosing tamoxifen and survey lipid profiles constantly during treatment to avoid life-threatening complication when prescription of tamoxifen is planned.

Effect of Different Amounts of Hybrid Barley in Diets on the Growth Performance and Selected Biochemical Parameters of Blood Serum Characterizing Health Status in Fattening Pigs

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of dietary hybrid barley and/or wheat on production parameters, selected biochemical parameters of blood serum characterizing health status in fattening pigs. In group I, hybrid barley constituted 80% of feed; in II—wheat and hybrid barley were used, each in amount of 40% feed; in III—contained 80% of wheat. No significant differences were noted in case of performance results (body weight gains, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio) and meatiness of fatteners. All estimated biochemical indices determined in serum were within normal range. Usage of 80% hybrid barley decreased concentration of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein fraction (LDL), and triglycerides in blood (p < 0.05). However, high-density lipoprotein fraction (HDL) content increased (p < 0.01) up to 1.04 mmol·dm−3, comparing to the group with 80% of wheat (0.84 mmol·dm−3). Summarized, the diet with high level of barley had a beneficial effect on blood lipid indices, what indicate a good health status of all animals.

Novel synthetic lipopeptides derived from Mycoplasma hyorhinis upregulate calpastatin in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and induce a neuroprotective effect against amyloid-β-peptide toxicity

ABSTRACT Previously, we showed that contamination of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by Mycoplasma hyorhinis strains NDMh and MCLD leads to increased levels of calpastatin (the endogenous, specific inhibitor of the Ca2+-dependent protease calpain), resulting in inhibition of calpain activation. We have found that the increased calpastatin level is promoted by the lipoprotein fraction (MhLpp) of the mycoplasmal membrane. Here, we present MhLpp-based novel synthetic lipopeptides that induce upregulation of calpastatin in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, leading to protection of the treated cells against Ca2+/amyloid-β-peptide toxicity. These lipopeptides present a new class of promising agents against calpain-induced cell toxicity.

Abstract 9600: Abnormal Lipoprotein Metabolism Other Than LDL Fraction in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Serial analysis using Ultracentrifugation Method

Background: It is well known that familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common inherited disorder that could cause marked elevation of plasma LDL-C level. However, few data exists regarding the clinical impact of plasma levels of VLDL-C and IDL-C as well as the composition of each lipoprotein fraction in FH. Thus, we assessed the hypothesis that the abnormality in LDLR modulates the quality as well as the quantity of lipoprotein other than LDL fraction. Methods: We investigated the plasma lipoprotein by ultracentrifugation method about 146 controls (mean age=61.4±17.1yr, mean LDL-C=92.7±61.2mg/dl), 213 heterozygous mutation-determined FH subjects (mean age=46.0±18.0yr, mean LDL-C=225.1±61.2mg/dl), and 16 homozygous mutation-determined FH subjects (mean age=26.9±17.1yr, mean LDL-C=428.6±86.1mg/dl). In addition, we evaluated the composition of each lipoprotein fraction by calculated cholesterol ester (CE) / triglyceride (TG) ratio. Results: As shown in the figure, the differences of the levels of TC and LDL-C between these 3 groups as well as those of VLDL-C (19.5±10.4, 25.2±19.3, 29.5±21.4 mg/dl, respectively) and IDL-C (8.3±3.7, 16.8±11.5, 40.0±37.3 mg/dl, respectively) were statistically significant. Moreover, the ratios of CE/TG of each lipoprotein fraction significantly increased in heterozygous FH and homozygous FH group, compared with that of controls, suggesting that the abnormality in LDLR modulate the quality as well as the quantity of each lipoprotein fraction. Conclusions: Our results indicate that LDLR participate not only in metabolism of LDL fraction but also in that of VLDL and IDL fractions. Larger amounts of VLDL-C and IDL-C with worse quality should also be additive risk factor in FH subjects.