scholarly journals Quinolizidine Alkaloid Profiles of Two Taxa of Teline maderensis

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 776-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Martins ◽  
Michael Wink ◽  
Andreas Tei ◽  
Amélia P. Rauter
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Minor Constituent ◽  
Alkaloid Composition ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloid ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Capillary Glc ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Alkaloid Profiles

Abstract The alkaloid composition of the aerial parts of two taxa of Teline maderensis was studied by capillary GLC and GLC-MS. N-Methylcytisine was the major alkaloid found in both plants. Contents of cytisine and lupanine were higher in T. maderensis var. paivae while anagyrine content was more pronounced in T. maderensis var. maderensis. The alkaloids dehydrocytisine, N-acetylcytisine and epibaptifoline appeared only in T. maderensis var. maderensis and N-formylcytisine was identified as a minor constituent in T. maderensis var. paivae, and detected only in trace amounts in the other variety of the plant.

scholarly journals Betaine Yields from Marine Algal Species Utilized in the Preparation of Seaweed Extracts Used in Agriculture

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Blunden ◽  
Peter F. Morse ◽  
Imre Mathe ◽  
Judit Hohmann ◽  
Alan T. Critchley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Minor Constituent ◽  
Laminaria Digitata ◽  
Seaweed Extracts ◽  
Marine Algal ◽  
A Minor

Ascophyllum nodosum, and to a lesser extent, Laminaria digitata, L. hyperborea and Fucus serratus, are marine algal species utilized in the commercial production of seaweed extracts used in agriculture. Betaines have been shown to be important constituents of these extracts, but there appears to have been no study made on whether there are variations in the betaine contents of these species based on either the place or date of collection. Samples of each of the four species were collected from widely separated areas at different times of the year. Also, in the case of A. nodosum, approximately monthly collections were made from one location. The betaines detected in the various collections of the same species showed little variation, although in the case of A. nodosum, glycinebetaine was found as a minor constituent in some samples, but was not detected in others. Trigonelline was found in all the tested samples of the two Laminaria species; this is, to our knowledge, the first record of this betaine in marine algae. With the exception of trigonelline in the Laminaria species, the betaine yields from the various samples of L. digitata, L. hyperborea and F. serratus showed little variation, regardless of either the place or date of collection. The trigonelline contents of the Laminaria species collected at one location (Finavarra, Ireland), in particular of L. hyperborea, was substantially greater than those from the other places of collection. In the case of A. nodosum, the betaine yields from samples collected at one site (Dale, Pembrokeshire, UK) were significantly higher than those from the other places of collection, which were very similar to each other. There was no clear indication of seasonal variation in betaine yields from A. nodosum.

Quinolizidine Alkaloids of Platycelphium vöense (Engl.) Wild (Leguminosae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleab Asres ◽  
Andreas Tei ◽  
Michael Wink
Keyword(s):  
Minor Component ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Minor Constituent ◽  
Capillary Glc ◽  
A Minor

Abstract13 Alkaloids were identified in leaves and twigs of Platycelphium vöense (a monotypic genus in the tribe Sophoreae) by capillary GLC and GLC-MS. Cytisine, N-methylcytisine, anagyrine and 5,6-dehydrolupanine figured as major and N-formylcytisine, N-acetylcytisine, baptifoline, thermopsine, isolupanine, and rhombifoline as minor alkaloids in both leaves and twigs. Lupanine occurred in considerable amount in the leaves and as a minor component in the twigs. The rare alkaloid, 6β-hydroxylupanine, was detected only in the leaves while N-ethylcytisine was shown to be a minor constituent of the twigs only.

Tropane Alkaloids of Hyoscyamus boveanus, H. desertorum, H. muticus and H. albus from Egypt

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 729-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assem El-Shazly ◽  
Andreas Tei ◽  
Ludger Witte ◽  
Mäher El-Domiaty ◽  
Michael Wink
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tropane Alkaloids ◽  
Alkaloid Composition ◽  
Capillary Glc ◽  
First Time ◽  
Alkaloid Contents ◽  
Alkaloid Profiles

Abstract The alkaloid composition of Hyoscyam us boveanus, H. desertorum, H. muticus and H. albus was investigated by capillary GLC and GLC-mass spectrometry. Altogether 39 alka­loids of the tropane and pyrrolidine types were identified. Several alkaloids were found in the different species for the first time, e.g., 22 alkaloids in H. boveanus, 13 in H. desertorum, 24 in H. muticus and 4 in H. albus. 3β-Hyoscyamine, dehydrohyoscyamine, phyllalbine, 3α-phenylacetyltropane, phenylacetylscopine as well as phygrine and 2,3-diacetonyl-N-methyl-pyrrolidine are apparently new for the genus Hyoscyamus. Alkaloid profiles and alkaloid contents of flowers, fruits, leaves, stems and roots were determined and their chemoecological functions discussed.

Quinolizidine Alkaloid Profiles of Retama raetam, R. sphaerocarpa and R. monosperma

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. El-Shazly ◽  
A.-M. Ateya ◽  
L. Witte ◽  
M. Wink
Keyword(s):  
Organ Specificity ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Retama Sphaerocarpa ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloid ◽  
Retama Raetam ◽  
Capillary Glc ◽  
Retama Monosperma ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Alkaloid Profiles

Abstract About 28 quinolizidine alkaloids and the dipiperidine alkaloids am modendrine, dehydroammodendrine and N -formylammodendrine were identified in the alkaloidal extracts of Retama raetam, Retama sphaerocarpa and Retama monosperma by capillary GLC and GLCMS. Alkaloid profiles of the three Retama species with a Mediterranean distribution are more similar than alkaloid patterns of different organs of the same plant. Whereas sparteine and retamine are the major components of stems, lupanine, retam ine, N-methylcytisine and cytisine dominate in flowers and pods, and cytisine in seeds indicating a high degree of organ specificity of alkaloid storage.

Quinolizidine Alkaloid Profiles of South American Lupins: Lupinus linearis and the Lupinus gibertianus Complex

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 702-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Planchuelo-Ravelo ◽  
Ludger Witte ◽  
Michael Wink
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
South American ◽  
Alkaloid Composition ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloid ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Alkaloid Profiles

Abstract The alkaloid composition of leaves of Lupinus linearis Desr. (3 ecotypes) and L. gibertia­ nus Smith (6 ecotypes) from Argentina and Brazil were studied by capillary gas-liquid chromatography and GLC-mass spectrometry (EI-MS). Both species are closely related according to morphological criteria. This view is supported by the alkaloid profiles which are very similar and share a series of new and uncommon alkaloids. Main alkaloids are lupanine, 13-hydroxylupanine, esters of 13-hydroxylupanine (e.g. 13-angeloyloxylupanine, 13-tigloyloxylupanine, 13-benzoyloxylupanine, 13-cis/trans-cinnamoyloxylupanine). Minor alkaloids are: sparteine, 11,12 -dehydrosparteine, ammodendrine, tetrahydrorhom bifoline, angustifoline, α-isolupanine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, 11,12-dehydrolupanine, N-formylangustifoline, 13-cis-cinnamoyloxymultiflorine. New minor alkaloids which have been tentatively identified by GLC-MS are 13-hydroxy-17-oxolupanine and corresponding esters (13-an-geloyloxy-17-oxolupanine, 13-tigloyloxy-17-oxolupanine, 13-benzoyloxy-17-oxolupanine, 13-cis-cinnamoyloxy-17-oxolupanine, and 13-trans-cinnamoyloxy-17-oxolupanine).

scholarly journals  New menthone type of Mentha pulegium L. volatile oil from northwest Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Hassanpouraghdam ◽  
A.B. Akhgari ◽  
M.A. Aazami ◽  
J. Emarat-Pardaz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Main Class ◽  
Northwest Iran ◽  
A Minor

The constituents of the volatile oil of air-dried aerial parts of Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae) plants wildly growing in Northwest Iran were analysed by GC/MS. 46 components were identified, comprising 96.6% of the essential oil. Monoterpenes (78.9%) were the main class of the identified components followed by a minor proportion of sesqui-<br />terpenes (11%). Oxygenated monoterpenes (75.3%) were the major subclass of volatile oil components with menthone (38.7%), menthol (11.3%), neomenthol (10.5%), and pulegone (6.8%) as major compounds. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (10.6%) were the highlighted subclass of 15 carbons sesquiterpenoidal compounds with (E)-caryophyllene (4.9%) and &beta;-cubebene (2.5%) as their principle representatives. Furthermore, menthyl acetate (C<sub>12</sub> acetylated monoterpene derived compound) was contained considerable amounts (5.2%) in the essential oil. In total, volatile oil composition of M. pulegium L. plants studied in the present experiment was characterised as a new menthone type with appreciable amounts of menthol and neomenthol, and it could be used as a potential source of these high value monoterpenes in pharmaceutical and food industries.

A modified Runge-Kutta method

SIMULATION ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 221-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Chai
Keyword(s):  
Error Estimate ◽  
Linear Combination ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Kutta Method ◽  
Starting Values ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
Runge Kutta ◽  
A Minor

It is possible to replace k2 in a 4th-order Runge-Kutta for mula (also Nth-order 3 ≤ N ≤ 5) by a linear combination of k1 and the ki's in the last step, using the same procedure for computing the other ki's and y as in the standard R-K method. The advantages of the new method are: It re quires one less derivative evaluation, provides an error estimate at each step, gives more accurate results, and needs a minor change to switch to the RK to obtain the starting values. Experimental results are shown in verification of the for mula.

scholarly journals II.—General Theorems on Determinants

1880 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Thomas Muir
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Elementary Theorem ◽  
A Minor

The rows of a determinant of the nth order having been separated into two sets, one containing the first p rows and the other the rest, if each minor of the pth degree formed from the first set be multiplied by a minor, called its complementary, formed from the second set, and the result have its sign chosen in accordance with a certain law, it is well known as an elementary theorem that the aggregate of the products thus obtained is equal to the original determinant.

A Medieval Open Work

POETICA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 228-265
Author(s):  
Rafael Simian
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Umberto Eco ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Open Work ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Guigo II is commonly known and praised among specialists of Western mysticism for his Scala claustralium, a work that presents a spiritual program for cloistered monks. His Meditations, on the other hand, have usually been relegated to the margin of attention. The First Meditation, in particular, is generally regarded as a minor piece. The paper argues, however, that a new approach can make better sense of the First Meditation, while also enabling us to recognize its specific function and value. Seen from this new perspective, Guigo’s purpose with the text is to train and exercise his readers’ minds according to the spiritual program laid out in the Scala. The paper shows that the First Meditation realizes that goal, surprisingly, by having the same essential features that Umberto Eco found in the ‘open works’ of the Western avant-garde.

Paranormal Belief, Experience, and the Keirsey Temperament Sorter

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_part_2) ◽  
pp. 1104-1106
Author(s):  
Jezz Fox ◽  
Carl Williams
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Keirsey Temperament Sorter ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Anomalous Experience ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Paranormal Experience

121 college students completed the Anomalous Experience Inventory and the Keirsey Temperament Sorter. Multiple regression analyses provided significant models predicting both Paranormal Experience and Belief; the main predictors were the other subscales of the Anomalous Experience Inventory with the Keirsey variables playing only a minor role.

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