Effect of Seaweed Extracts on Ornamental Plants: Article Review

Seaweed extracts have been used in organic agriculture to encourage the development and strengthen the quality performance of floricultural crops. The effectiveness of the seaweed extract is built entirely on hormone levels of plants or otherwise micro nutrients in the crude extract (primarily cytokines). A review of the use of seaweed on ornamental plants is carried out in the most modern research. Concerning their growth and flowering possibilities, the effectiveness of algae in ornamental plants has been validated. The purpose of this systematic review was to illustrate progress throughout the treatment of seaweeds for growth regulators to summarize the organic compounds of seaweeds as well as to investigate the challenges that encourage the application of macroalgae to manipulate various biotic and abiotic stress of crops. Seaweeds are still completely unaffected internationally; we emphasize several of the subsequent preferences for research and innovation. This whole review aims to facilitate the reader’s attention to utilize various seaweeds to increase the features and yield of ornamental crops.

Effect of Seaweed Extracts on Growth, Yield Parameters in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L)

This field experiment entitled “Effect of seaweed extracts on growth, yield parameters in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum. L)” was conducted during rabi at Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India during 2019 & 2020. The experiment was consisted of 2 varieties and 14 treatments comprising of seaweed extracts (i.e., Ascophyllum nodosum, red and brown algae) which was laid in RBD (Randomized Block Design) with kabuli & desi chick pea, 14 treatments, 03 replications. The result shows that among all the treatments, the genotypes kabuli & desi chickpea treated with 2.0% A. nodosum for 6 hours recorded the maximum value in growth parameters such as percent field germination after four (10.74 & 10.74), seven (49.26 & 47.41), and ten (77.41 & 70.74) DAS, Days to 50% flowering (88.67 & 86.00), days to maturity (154.00 & 156.33), number of branches 25 (17.93 & 16.60) and 50 DAS (36.70 & 33.57) and height at 25 (4.47 & 3.93) and 50 (7.27 & 7.00) DAS. Similar results were also recorded in different yield parameters in both kabuli & desi chickpea genotypes such as number of pods plant (61.52 & 60.24), number of pods per plot (1025.67 & 922.00), number of seeds per plant (102.5 & 100.4), number of pods per plant (14.25 & 1525), seed yield per plant (28.30 & 25.35), seed yield per plot (358.44 & 328.86), biological yield (3187.42 & 3061.24), economical yield (1341.67 & 1231.33), and harvest index showing most superior values when treated with treatment 2.0% Ascophyllum nodosum for 6 hours. Remaining treatments i.e, treatment with 0.5% Ascophyllum nodosum solution, 1.0% Ascophyllum nodosum solution, 0.5% red and brown algae solution, 1.0% red and brown algae solution, 2.0% red and brown algae solution for 6 hours recorded the second most effective treatments observed significantly superior than untreated checks.

Effects of seaweed extracts on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics, methane production, and microbial abundance

Several seaweed extracts have been reported to have potential antimethanogenic effects in ruminants. In this study, the effect of three brown seaweed species (Undaria pinnatifida, UPIN; Sargassum fusiforme, SFUS; and Sargassum fulvellum, SFUL) on rumen fermentation characteristics, total gas, methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) production, and microbial populations were investigated using an in vitro batch culture system. Seaweed extract and its metabolites, total flavonoid and polyphenol contents were identified and compared. For the in vitro batch, 0.25 mg∙mL−1 of each seaweed extract were used in 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h of incubation. Seaweed extract supplementation decreased CH4 yield and its proportion to total gas production after 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation, while total gas production were not significantly different. Total volatile fatty acid and molar proportion of propionate increased with SFUS and SFUL supplementation after 24 h of incubation, whereas UPIN was not affected. Additionally, SFUS increased the absolute abundance of total bacteria, ciliate protozoa, fungi, methanogenic archaea, and Fibrobacter succinogenes. The relative proportions of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus, and Prevotella ruminicola were lower with seaweed extract supplementation, whereas Anaerovibrio lipolytica increased. Thus, seaweed extracts can decrease CH4 production, and alter the abundance of rumen microbial populations.

Hypolipidemic Effects of Fermented Seaweed Extracts by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

The fermentation of food materials with suitable probiotic strains is an effective way to improve biological activities. In this study, seaweed extracts were fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and the hypolipidemic effects of the fermentation products were investigated. In vitro experiments suggested that fermented seaweed extracts have a high capacity for bile acid-binding. Additionally, a significant inhibitory effect against pancreatic lipase was observed. Furthermore, effects in hyperlipidemic mice were determined. Fermented seaweed extracts can alleviate lipid metabolism disorder. The administration of fermented seaweed extracts to mice showed decreased total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Combined, these results suggest that fermented seaweed extracts perform a potent hypolipidemic action, thus providing an effective method for the preparation of functional foods to combat cardiovascular diseases.

Effect of Foliar Application of Bimin221 and Seaweed Extract on Lime Seedling Growth

This study was conducted in a certified citrus production nursery in Karbala province, Al-Hindiya district for the season 2020, on lime seedlings (Citrus aurantifolia) rootstock at the age of 6 months, It was sprayed with the nutrient solution Biumin 221 at concentrations (0, 1.5, 2, 2.5 m.L-1) and Basfoliar Kelp seaweed extracts at concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5) ml L-. The results showed that spraying the seedlings with single and combined study treatments led to a significant increase in all the vegetative and nutrition traits of lime seedlings. The treatment (2.5 g.L-1 nutrient solution + 4.5 ml.L-1 seaweed extract) achieved the highest averages in most of the traits. While the interaction treatment between the concentration (2.5 g.L-1 of the nutrient solution and concentration of 3 ml.L-1 of seaweed extract was excelled in the traits of leaf content of total carbohydrates, the percentage of nitrogen, iron, and zinc.

Study of Foliar Application of Nutritional Solution and Seaweeds Extract on Growth of Limes (Citrus Aurantifolia)

This study was conducted in a certified citrus production nursery in Karbala province, Al-Hindiya district for the season 2020, on seedlings of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) rootstock at the age of 6 months, Where it was sprayed with the nutrient solution Biumin 221 at concentrations (0, 1.5, 2, 2.5 g.L-1) and Basfoliar Kelp seaweed extracts with concentrations (0, 1.5, 3, 4.5) ml.L-1. The results showed that spraying the seedlings with single and combined study treatments led to a significant increase in the average seedling length, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area and dry weight of the vegetative and root system, where the treatment (2.5 g. L-1 nutrient solution + 4.5 ml.L-1 seaweed extracts)was excelled and gave the highest average of most traits. Where the interaction treatment between the concentration (2.5 g.L-1 for the nutrient solution with a concentration of 3 ml. L-1 of seaweed extracts) excelled on the dry weight of the vegetative total compared to the control treatment, which recorded the lowest values.

Retention and Survival Optimization of Juvenile Green Mussel (Perna Viridis) by Using Substrate from Seaweed Extract

Highlight ResearchThe qualitative bioactive assay on terpenoid compound of six macroalgae species were tested.The effect of six macroalgae extracts as inducer mediating settlement to juvenile Perna viridis were observed.Three macroalgae species were potentially promote the retention of juvenile P. viridisAbstractThe low retention of juvenile of green mussels (Perna viridis) in the aquaculture holding system has become a constraint for its production. The depress number of juvenile mussel on the collector rope might be caused due to both limited spawning season and their secondary settlement behaviour. Therefore, providing suitable substrate which able to improve green mussel seed retention is required. One of the solutions is by applying inducer mediating settlement as substrate enrichment in order to optimize the retention of juvenile P. viridis. The potential substrates thought to have these inductive activities is seaweed. Seaweed bioactive compound which may improve juvenile mussel retention is terpenoid. Six seaweed extracts used in the current study and the terpenoid of these six macroalgae species were tested. Qualitatively all six seaweed showed a positive result on the terpenoid compound. The retention and survival of juvenile green mussel observed by using 20 conical tanks with a complete randomized design experiment. Each of the seaweed species tested separately comparing with three other experimental treatments under 24 h observation time, A (rope), B (rope + PhytagelTM), C (rope + PhytagelTM l+ solvent), D (rope + PhytagelTM + seaweed extract), it made four experimental treatments with 5 times replications. The result indicated a variation pattern on the retention of juvenile mussels according to the experimental substrate. The juvenile mussels were preferably settled on enriched substrate of G. latifolium and S. polycystum, extracts (p<0.05). Adding seaweed extracts on the substrate did not affect the mussels survival (p>0.05).

The power of seaweeds as plant biostimulants to boost crop production under abiotic stress

In order to meet increasing food demands in the future, we will need to improve the current crop productivity. Abiotic stresses like drought and salinity are major factors resulting in crop yield losses and soil degradation worldwide. Recent studies suggest that seaweed-based biostimulants could be a solution for this problem. Here we summarise the current findings of using these biostimulants and highlight current knowledge gaps. Seaweed extracts were shown to enhance nutrient uptake and improve growth performance in crops under stressed and normal conditions. Seaweed extracts contain phytohormones, polysaccharides, polyphenols, lipids, amino acids and proteins. Although it has been shown that some of these compounds are active and have growth-promoting properties on plants, their underlying molecular mechanism of action and optimal applications especially in crops exposed to abiotic stress remains understudied. Seaweed extracts were shown to also improve protein content of crops and contribute to a healthy soil by facilitating water retention, soil aeration and nutrient availability, thereby promoting plant growth. In this paper we review the role of these extracts and their bioactive compounds as plant biostimulants. The targeted application to improve crop performance and the impact of seaweed extracts for enhancing the protein content of crops are discussed.