Identification of Metalliferous Ecotypes of Cistus ladanifer L. using RAPD Markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celestino Quintela-Sabarís ◽  
Petra S. Kidd ◽  
María Isabel Fraga
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Cistus Ladanifer ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Mantel’S Test

Abstract The genetic diversity of Cistus ladanifer ssp. ladanifer (Cistaceae) growing on ultramafic and non-ultramafic (basic and schists) soils in the NE of Portugal was studied in order to identify molecular markers that could distinguish the metal-tolerant ecotypes of this species. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used in order to estimate genetic variation and differences between populations. The RAPD dataset was analysed by means of a cluster analysis and an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Our results indicate a significant partitioning of molecular variance between ultramafic and non-ultramafic populations of Cistus ladanifer, although the highest percentage of this variance was found at the intra-population level. Mantel’s test showed no relationship between inter-population genetic and geographic distances. A series of RAPD bands that could be related to heavy metal tolerance were observed. The identification of such markers will enable the use of Cistus ladanifer in phytoremediation procedures.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of the Moxotó goat breed using RAPD markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Andréa Alves do Egito ◽  
Maria Norma Ribeiro ◽  
Samuel Rezende Paiva ◽  
Maria do Socorro Maués Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The objective of this study was to verify the genetic diversity between and within seven populations of Moxotó goat (n = 264) from the States of Pernambuco, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Moxotó, as well as other naturalized breeds, suffers genetic losses due to the indiscriminate miscegenation with breeds raised in the Northeast Region of Brazil. The genetic characterization of these genetic resources is essential to conservation and breeding programs. DNA was extracted from lymphocytes using a non-organic protocol. The 16 primers used were selected from 120 decamer oligonucleotide primers and generated 56 polymorphic bands. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the greater part of total genetic variability (71.55%) was due to differences between individuals within populations, while 21.21% was among populations. The analysis of variance among the pairs of populations demonstrated that the populations located in Floresta, PE x Angicos, RN presented a smaller value of intrapopulational differentiation (8.9%), indicating low genetic variability among them. Nei's genetic distances varied between 0.0546 and 0.1868 in the populations. The dendrogram generated showed that the Canindé breed, used as outgroup, clustered with the populations of Moxotó, indicating a possible common origin of the naturalized goat breeds.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Dynamics of Sinorhizobium meliloti Populations Nodulating Different Alfalfa Cultivars in Italian Soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4785-4789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carelli ◽  
Stefano Gnocchi ◽  
Silvia Fancelli ◽  
Alessio Mengoni ◽  
Donatella Paffetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rhizobium Population

ABSTRACT We analyzed the genetic diversity of 531 Sinorhizobium meliloti strains isolated from nodules of Medicago sativa cultivars in two different Italian soils during 4 years of plant growth. The isolates were analyzed for DNA polymorphism with the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. The populations showed a high level of genetic polymorphism distributed throughout all the isolates, with 440 different haplotypes. Analysis of molecular variance allowed us to relate the genetic structure of the symbiotic population to various factors, including soil type, alfalfa cultivar, individual plants within a cultivar, and time. Some of these factors significantly affected the genetic structure of the population, and their relative influence changed with time. At the beginning of the experiment, the soil of origin and, even more, the cultivar significantly influenced the distribution of genetic variability of S. meliloti. After 3 years, the rhizobium population was altered; it showed a genetic structure based mainly on differences among plants, while the effects of soil and cultivar were not significant.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the sunflower caterpillar (Chlosyne lacinia saundersii Doubleday and Hewitson) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) populations determined by molecular RAPD markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1127-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiane Cunha ◽  
Daniel R. Sosa Gómez ◽  
Jose J. da Silva ◽  
Talita M. Alexandre ◽  
Flávio Moscardi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Dice Coefficient ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Santa Maria

Chlosyne lacinia saundersii is one of the most important pests of sunflower and it is the main target of insecticides applications. Larvae were collected in Londrina (PR), Santa Maria (RS), Dourados (MS), Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brasília (DF), Barreiras (BA), Uberaba (MG) and Vilhena (RO). Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified with ten-mer primers, which produced 101 loci. The size of the RAPD amplicons ranged from 180 to 2564 bp. Polymorphism among populations ranged from 31% to 67%, with the highest polymorphisms of 57% and 67% being detected in Uberaba and Vilhena populations, respectively. Populations with the highest similarity determined with Dice coefficient were from Ribeirão Preto and Barreiras, while insects from Londrina showed the highest similarity among them. Gene flow of C. lacinia saundersii 1.1 was lower than those previously observed for the noctuid Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, suggesting that C. lacinia saundersii populations are more isolated than the ones of this noctuid. Through the Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA), RAPD variance was 33.64% among geographical populations and 66.36% within populations. These results suggest that populations of C. lacinia saundersii are genetically structured.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity using RAPD analysis in a germplasm collection of sea buckthorn

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.I. BARTISH ◽  
N. JEPPSSON ◽  
I.V. BARTISH
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
Intraspecific Hybrids

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to characterize a part of a sea buckthorn gene bank collected for plant breeding purposes. Molecular markers were generated in 55 cultivars and accessions, representing five subspecies of Hippophae rhamnoides L. and intraspecific hybrids between different subspecies. Sixty-three markers were used to generate a Dice's similarity coefficient matrix of pairwise comparisons between individual RAPD profiles. Cluster (UPGMA) and principal co-ordinate analyses, based on this matrix, revealed clustering of plants into groups which generally correspond to their taxonomic classification or geographic origin. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was found useful for estimating components of genetic variation between and within taxonomic and geographic groups of accessions and cultivars. Whereas both alternatives for grouping the material (taxonomic or geographic origin) resulted in significant between-group variation, the major part of molecular variance (approximately 75%) was still attributed to variation within groups. We conclude that the RAPD analysis is useful for clarification of taxonomic and geographic origin of accessions and cultivars of sea buckthorn.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of three natural populations of Maytenus aquifolium (Celesteraceae) from Telêmaco Borba, Paraná, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Aparecida Sahyun ◽  
Eduardo Augusto Ruas ◽  
Claudete de Fátima Ruas ◽  
Cristiano Medri ◽  
José Roberto Pinto de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Molecular Variance

Three populations of Maytenus aquifolium from Monte Alegre farm, Telemaco Borba county, Paraná, Brazil were analyzed by RAPD markers. A total of 13 primers were applied wich yielded 283 well amplified markers in all the studied populations (Mortandade, Vila Preta and Trinita), producing different values of gene diversity and polymorphic loci. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 21.77% of the genetic variation was among the population. Pairwise F ST analysis showed that the most divergent populations were closer geographically, demonstrating that other factors such as different soil types could explain this variation. Bayesian analysis for K number of clusters and the Principal Coordinate indicated that these three populations were highly structured, corroborating the high values found for the F ST and indicating that for conservation purposes all populations should be maintained.

EVALUATION OF PTYCHOBOTHRIDEAN CESTODES USING RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) MARKERS FROM FRESH WATER FISHES IN GODAVARI BASIN (M.S.) INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA BORDE ◽  
ASAWARI FARTADE ◽  
AMOL THOSAR ◽  
RAHUL KHAWAL
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Band Pattern ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Rapd Profile ◽  
Band Size ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
The Common

Ptychobothridean genera like Senga and Circumoncobothrium are the common parasites of fresh water fishes. The genotypic study of these parasites was taken by RAPD. The RAPD profile of these two parasites were not similar to each other as depicted by the band pattern in picture. These results suggest the presence of inter-specific polymorphism among cestode parasites of two different genera for RAPD analysis. The present study demonstrated that genetic differentiation of cestode parasites could be accomplished on the basis of genomic variation with polymorphic band pattern using RAPD. All the detected bands (PCR product) were polymorphic and band size ranged from 500-5000 bp in length. The RAPD of profiles using GBO-31, GBO-32, GBO-33, GBO-34, GBO-35 and GBO-36. Primers were able to characterize inter-specific polymorphism among the two genus ( Senga and Circumoncobothrium ). Genetic analysis suggests that Senga and Circumoncobothrium show genetic diversity with respect to RAPD patterns using all the six primers used for the present study. The genetic distance between the analyzed genuses ranged from 0.14 to 0.80. The differentiation of the two parasites on the basis of genetic markers could greatly facilitate study on the biology of these parasites.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Tolerance Trend in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Encoding Strains Recovered from Food Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4718
Author(s):  
Kashaf Junaid ◽  
Hasan Ejaz ◽  
Iram Asim ◽  
Sonia Younas ◽  
Humaira Yasmeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Retail Food ◽  
Esbl Producers

This study evaluates bacteriological profiles in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods and assesses antibiotic resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by gram-negative bacteria, and heavy metal tolerance. In total, 436 retail food samples were collected and cultured. The isolates were screened for ESBL production and molecular detection of ESBL-encoding genes. Furthermore, all isolates were evaluated for heavy metal tolerance. From 352 culture-positive samples, 406 g-negative bacteria were identified. Raw food samples were more often contaminated than refined food (84.71% vs. 76.32%). The predominant isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 76), Enterobacter cloacae (n = 58), and Escherichia coli (n = 56). Overall, the percentage of ESBL producers was higher in raw food samples, although higher occurrences of ESBL-producing E. coli (p = 0.01) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p = 0.02) were observed in processed food samples. However, the prevalence of ESBL-producing Citrobacter freundii in raw food samples was high (p = 0.03). Among the isolates, 55% were blaCTX-M, 26% were blaSHV, and 19% were blaTEM. Notably, heavy metal resistance was highly prevalent in ESBL producers. These findings demonstrate that retail food samples are exposed to contaminants including antibiotics and heavy metals, endangering consumers.

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