Countermovement Vertical Jump With Drop Step is Higher Than Without in Collegiate Football Players

The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the short-term effects of resisted sprint and plyometric training on sprint performance together with lower limb physiological and functional performance in collegiate football players. Ninety collegiate football players participated in this three-arm, parallel group randomized controlled trial study. Participants were randomly divided into a control group and two experimental groups: resisted sprint training (RST) (n = 30), plyometric training (PT) (n = 30), and a control group (n = 30). Participants received their respective training program for six weeks on alternate days. The primary outcome measures were a knee extensor strength test (measured by an ISOMOVE dynamometer), a sprint test and a single leg triple hop test. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 6 weeks post-training. Participants, caregivers, and those assigning the outcomes were blinded to the group assignment. A mixed design analysis of variance was used to compare between groups, within-group and the interaction between time and group. A within-group analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) when compared to the baseline with the 6 weeks post-intervention scores for all the outcomes including STN (RST: d = 1.63; PT: d = 2.38; Control: d = 2.26), ST (RST: d = 1.21; PT: d = 1.36; Control: d = 0.38), and SLTHT (RST: d = 0.76; PT: d = 0.61; Control: d = 0.18). A sub-group analysis demonstrated an increase in strength in the plyometric training group (95% CI 14.73 to 15.09, p = 0.00), an increase in the single leg triple hop test in the resisted sprint training group (95% CI 516.41 to 538.4, p = 0.05), and the sprint test was also improved in both experimental groups (95% CI 8.54 to 8.82, p = 0.00). Our findings suggest that, during a short-term training period, RST or PT training are equally capable of enhancing the neuromechanical capacities of collegiate football players. No adverse events were reported by the participants.

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Physical and performance characteristics related to starter status, position, and division in Japanese collegiate American-football players

Isokinetics and Exercise Science ◽

10.3233/ies-200222 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Junta Iguchi ◽

Minoru Matsunami ◽

Tatsuya Hojo ◽

Yoshihiko Fujisawa ◽

Kenji Kuzuhara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Performance Test ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

American Football ◽

Football Players ◽

Jump Height ◽

Test Results ◽

Repetition Maximum ◽

Vertical Jump Height ◽

Division 1 ◽

And Performance

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the variations in body composition and performance in Japanese collegiate American-football players. OBJECTIVE: To clarify what characterizes competitors at the highest levels – in the top division or on the starting lineup – we compared players’ body compositions and performance test results. METHODS: This study included 172 players. Each player’s body composition and performance (one-repetition maximum bench press, one-repetition maximum back squat, and vertical jump height) were measured; power was estimated from vertical jump height and body weight. Players were compared according to status (starter vs. non-starter), position (skill vs. linemen), and division (1 vs. 2). Regression analysis was performed to determine characteristics for being a starter. RESULTS: Players in higher divisions and who were starters were stronger and had more power, greater body size, and better performance test results. Players in skill positions were relatively stronger than those in linemen positions. Vertical jump height was a significant predictor of being a starter in Division 1. CONCLUSION: Power and vertical jump may be a deciding factor for playing as a starter or in a higher division.

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Midfoot Sprains in Collegiate Football Players

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/036354659402200316 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 392-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Scott A. Meyer ◽

John J. Callaghan ◽

John P. Albright ◽

Edward T. Crowley ◽

John W. Powell

Keyword(s):

Football Players ◽

Collegiate Football

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Prediction of Core and Lower Extremity Strains and Sprains in Collegiate Football Players: A Preliminary Study

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-47.3.17 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 264-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Gary B. Wilkerson ◽

Jessica L. Giles ◽

Dustin K. Seibel

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Lower Extremity ◽

Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Football Players ◽

Low Back ◽

Collegiate Football ◽

Receiver Operating

Context: Poor core stability is believed to increase vulnerability to uncontrolled joint displacements throughout the kinetic chain between the foot and the lumbar spine. Objective: To assess the value of preparticipation measurements as predictors of core or lower extremity strains or sprains in collegiate football players. Design: Cohort study. Setting: National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Championship Subdivision football program. Patients or Other Participants: All team members who were present for a mandatory physical examination on the day before preseason practice sessions began (n = 83). Main Outcome Measure(s): Preparticipation administration of surveys to assess low back, knee, and ankle function; documentation of knee and ankle injury history; determination of body mass index; 4 different assessments of core muscle endurance; and measurement of step-test recovery heart rate. All injuries were documented throughout the preseason practice period and 11-game season. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to identify dichotomized predictive factors that best discriminated injured from uninjured status. The 75th and 50th percentiles were evaluated as alternative cutpoints for dichotomization of injury predictors. Results: Players with ≥2 of 3 potentially modifiable risk factors related to core function had 2 times greater risk for injury than those with <2 factors (95% confidence interval = 1.27, 4.22), and adding a high level of exposure to game conditions increased the injury risk to 3 times greater (95% confidence interval = 1.95, 4.98). Prediction models that used the 75th and 50th percentile cutpoints yielded results that were very similar to those for the model that used receiver operating characteristic-derived cutpoints. Conclusions: Low back dysfunction and suboptimal endurance of the core musculature appear to be important modifiable football injury risk factors that can be identified on preparticipation screening. These predictors need to be assessed in a prospective manner with a larger sample of collegiate football players.

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Distal MCL Grade III Injuries in Collegiate Football Players: Operative Management, Rehabilitation, and Return to Play.

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/465-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Josue Acevedo ◽

Allison L. Boden ◽

Dylan N. Greif ◽

Christopher P. Emerson ◽

Jeffrey T. Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Operative Management ◽

Return To Play ◽

Football Players ◽

Collegiate Football ◽

Grade Iii

Abstract

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Can We Rely on Flight Time to Measure Jumping Performance or Neuromuscular Fatigue-Overload in Professional Female Soccer Players?

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10134424 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 4424

Author(s):

Estrella Armada-Cortés ◽

Javier Peláez Barrajón ◽

José Antonio Benítez-Muñoz ◽

Enrique Navarro ◽

Alejandro F. San Juan

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Smartphone Application ◽

Flight Time ◽

Neuromuscular Fatigue ◽

Football Players ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Jumping Performance ◽

Significant Difference

The main purpose of this study was to compare the validity of the take-off velocity method (TOV) measured with a force platform (FP) (gold standard) versus the flight time method (FT) in a vertical jump to measure jumping performance or neuromuscular fatigue-overload in professional female football players. For this purpose, we used a FP and a validated smartphone application (APP). A total of eight healthy professional female football players (aged 27.25 ± 6.48 years) participated in this study. All performed three valid trials of a countermovement jump and squat jump and were measured at the same time with the APP and the FP. The results show that there is a lack of validity and reliability between jump height (JH) calculated through the TOV method with the FP and the FT method with the FP (r = 0.028, p > 0.84, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = −0.026) and between the JH measured with the FP through the TOV method and the APP with the FT method (r = 0.116, p > 0.43, ICC = −0.094 (−0.314–0.157)). A significant difference between the JH measured through the TOV with the FP versus the APP (p < 0.05), and a trend between the JH obtained with the FP through the TOV and the FT (p = 0.052) is also shown. Finally, the JH with the FP through the FT and the APP did not differ (p > 0.05). The eta-squared of the one-way ANOVA was η2 = 0.085. It seems that only the TOV measured with a FP could guarantee the accuracy of the jump test in SJ+CMJ and SJ, so it is recommended that high-level sportswomen and men should be assessed with the FP through TOV as gold standard technology to ensure correct performance and/or fatigue-overload control during the sport season.

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Multiple flexor tendon pulley ruptures in a division 1 collegiate football player

Orthopedic Reviews ◽

10.4081/or.2019.8316 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Kelly Scott ◽

Donald Dulle ◽

Genaro Garcia ◽

Jonathan A. Flug ◽

Anikar Chhabra

Keyword(s):

Treatment Option ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Flexor Tendon ◽

Football Player ◽

Football Players ◽

Division 1 ◽

Complete Disruption ◽

Collegiate Football

Injuries to the hand and digits are common in football players. To our knowledge, there have been no reports on multiple flexor pulley ruptures in football players treated non-operatively through splinting and taping techniques. A 22-year old collegiate defensive lineman sustained an injury resulting in complete disruption of the annular 2, 3, 4, and cruciate 1 and 2 pulleys. The patient was successfully treated with serial custom splints for 12 weeks. Our splinting and taping techniques and timing of these have not been previously described. This case illustrates a successful treatment option in football players with multiple flexor pulley ruptures.

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Age of First Exposure to American Football and Behavioral, Cognitive, Psychological, and Physical Outcomes in High School and Collegiate Football Players

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

10.1177/1941738119849076 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 332-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Benjamin L. Brett ◽

Daniel L. Huber ◽

Alexa Wild ◽

Lindsay D. Nelson ◽

Michael A. McCrea

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

American Football ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Football Players ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Intermediate Outcomes ◽

Collegiate Football

Background: Although some studies have observed a relationship between age of first exposure (AFE) to American football and long-term outcomes, recent findings in collegiate athletes did not observe a relationship between AFE and more intermediate outcomes at early adulthood. This, however, requires independent replication. Hypothesis: There will be no association between AFE to football and behavioral, cognitive, emotional/psychological, and physical functioning in high school and collegiate athletes. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Active high school and collegiate football players (N = 1802) underwent a comprehensive preseason evaluation on several clinical outcome measures. Demographic and health variables that significantly differed across AFE groups were identified as potential covariates. General linear models (GLMs) with AFE as the independent variable were performed for each clinical outcome variable. Similar GLMs that included identified covariates, with AFE as the predictor, were subsequently performed for each clinical outcome variable. Results: After controlling for covariates of age, concussion history, race, and a diagnosis of ADHD, earlier AFE (<12 vs ≥12 years) did not significantly predict poorer performance on any clinical outcome measures (all P > 0.05). A single statistically significant association between AFE group and somatization score was recorded, with AFE <12 years exhibiting lower levels of somatization. Conclusion: In a large cohort of active high school and collegiate football student-athletes, AFE before the age of 12 years was not associated with worse behavioral, cognitive, psychological, and physical (oculomotor functioning and postural stability) outcomes. Clinical Relevance The current findings suggest that timing of onset of football exposure does not result in poorer functioning in adolescence and young adults and may contribute to resilience through decreased levels of physically related psychological distress.

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