Paternal Borderline Symptoms and Offspring Outcomes in Young Adulthood

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Elaine J. Johnson ◽  
Patricia A. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Youth Outcomes ◽  
Offspring Sex ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator ◽  
Significant Moderator

Borderline personality disorder symptoms (BPDsx) in mothers have been linked to psychopathology in their offspring. However, it is still unclear whether BPDsx in fathers influences offspring psychopathology and, if so, how this risk transmission may occur. A total of 448 father-mother-offspring triads completed a longitudinal study following children from birth until age 20 and included self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews when children were 15 and 20 years old. Results revealed that paternal BPDsx were predictive of youth BPDsx and internalizing symptoms, even after controlling for maternal BPDsx. Chronic family stress was a significant mediator of the relationship between paternal BPDsx and offspring BPDsx, internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms. Fathers' expressed emotion and child temperament were not significant mediators. Although offspring sex predicted youth outcomes, it was not a significant moderator of the association between paternal BPDsx and offspring symptoms. Finally, controlling for comorbid paternal disorders weakened the association between paternal BPDsx and youth psychopathology.

Borderline Personality in Perpetrators of Psychological and Physical Abuse

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald G. Dutton ◽  
Andrew J. Starzomski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Wife Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Maltreatment ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Wife Assault ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
The Relationship

The present study is an extension of research that examined the relationship between borderline personality organization (BPO), anger (assessed with the Multidimensional Anger Inventory [MAI]), and wife abuse in 120 men who had committed wife assault. Seventy-five female partners reported on physical and psychological abuse by the men, using the Conflict Tactics Scale and the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory. The men's BPO self-report scores correlated significantly with their partners' reports of their abusiveness as assessed by these scales. Three self-report subscale scores on the MAl and one on the BPO scale accounted for 50% of the variance in their partners' reports of domination and isolation, and for 35% of the women's reports of emotional abuse.

The Relationship between Expressed and Experienced Emotion in Depression

1983 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena-Lynn Brown
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experienced Emotion

Sixty right-handed adult subjects, divided equally into three groups (mildly depressed, normal, and “low normal”) on the basis of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, were exposed for forty seconds each to forty-eight imagery items designed to reflect happy, sad, angry, and fearful situations. Expressed emotion (facial electromyography) and experienced emotion (self-report) were measured. Results replicated and extended previous findings, suggesting both a “dissociation” between expressed and experienced happiness and an abnormal degree of “association” between expressed and experienced sadness for depressives and possibly “low normals.”

The Relationship Between Grandiosity, Psychopathy, and Narcissism in an Offender Sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 2687-2708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Klipfel ◽  
David S. Kosson
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Assistants ◽  
Incarcerated Males

Clinical accounts suggest grandiosity is an important characteristic of both psychopathy and narcissism. This study examined the relationships between grandiosity and each of these personality disorder syndromes, using a novel index, namely the Grandiosity Index. Seventy-five incarcerated males completed clinical interviews of psychopathy and narcissism and a self-report inventory of narcissism and were rated on interpersonal measures of psychopathy and narcissism. Trained research assistants rated participants on the Grandiosity Index. Analyses provided preliminary evidence of construct validity for the index. Scores on the Grandiosity Index were significantly correlated with scores on both clinical and interpersonal measures of psychopathy and narcissism and with self-reported narcissism. Regressions demonstrated that the Grandiosity Index explained substantial unique variance in psychopathy after controlling for scores on narcissism. This study demonstrates that grandiose features are associated uniquely with clinical ratings of psychopathy, though not significantly more with psychopathy than with narcissism.

Existential Anxiety, Personality Type, and Therapy Preference in Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shumaker ◽  
Kathleen Killian ◽  
Courtney Cole ◽  
Adela Hruby ◽  
Julia Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Existential Anxiety ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Published Research

The current study examines the relationship between existential anxiety (EA), personality traits, and therapy preference in a sample of young adults. EA is thought to be universal human experience, yet no published research has been conducted on whether certain personality traits predict higher levels of EA. Males and females ( N = 69) aged 18 to 25 years completed several self-report measures, including a measure of EA, five-factor personality traits, and therapy preference (insight- vs. action-oriented). Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship among the constructs of interest. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between Neuroticism as measured by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and EA. The Neuroticism N4 Self-Consciousness subscale showed the strongest association with EA. There was no relationship between therapy preference and EA. The results suggest that individuals with personality types characterized by elevated levels of shyness, guilt, and inferiority may be more likely to experience elevated EA. Experiencing higher levels of EA does not seem to affect therapy preference. These findings have important implications for clinicians treating young adults who present with internalizing symptoms.

The Relationship Between “What We Believe” and “How We Care” Among Daughters Caring for a Parent With Dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory K. Chen ◽  
Karima Clayton ◽  
Joshua Chodosh
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Parental Behaviors ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Relationship

This study attempted to better understand factors associated with relationship conflict between daughters and their parents with dementia. We examined data from 77 daughters self-identified as primary caregivers of a parent with dementia to test the hypothesis that daughters’ belief that a parent with dementia can control their symptoms is associated with more conflict, defined as high expressed emotion (EE). Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing beliefs about parents’ ability to control symptoms, stress, relationship conflict, parent agitation, and cognitive status. Results indicated that greater intensity of daughters’ belief that their parent can control dementia-related symptoms was associated with more relationship conflict or “high EE” (β = 0.57, P < .001). Daughters’ beliefs about parental behavior may contribute to caregiver stress and exacerbate negative behaviors exhibited by individuals with dementia. Educating caregivers about parental behaviors and examining factors underlying caregiver interpretations of these behaviors hold promise for reducing caregiver stress.

Childhood abuse and aggression in girls: The contribution of borderline personality disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandi L. Burnette ◽  
N. Dickon Reppucci
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Offending Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe authors tested whether emerging borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms mediated the association between childhood physical abuse (CPA) and aggression among incarcerated girls. Participants were 121 incarcerated adolescent girls (13–19 years old). Three forms of aggression (relational, overt, and violent offending behavior) and exposure to CPA by a parental figure were assessed using self-report inventories, whereas BPD symptoms were evaluated using a structured interview. Mediation models, including tests of indirect effects, were conducted in which each form of aggression was predicted from CPA with BPD symptoms entered as a mediator. A divergent pattern emerged in which BPD symptoms mediated the relationship between CPA and violent offending, but not less severe forms of overt aggression. Relational aggression, although correlated with CPA, was not associated with BPD symptoms. Implications for the conceptualization and treatment of girls' aggression within the context of interpersonal functioning are discussed.

An investigation of the mediating factors in the relationship between early childhood adversity and borderline personality characteristics in forensic inpatients

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Helena Varnaseri ◽  
Tony Lavender ◽  
Lona Lockerbie
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Social Problem Solving ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Memory Specificity ◽  
Autobiographical Memory Specificity ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether early maladaptive schema (EMS) and autobiographical memory specificity mediate the relationship between abuse and attachment in childhood with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) characteristics among forensic inpatients. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a quantitative cross-sectional design. In total, 34 male adults residing in medium secure facilities completed self-report measures. Data were analysed using bootstrapped mediation procedures. Findings – The study’s hypotheses received partial support. The EMS of “entitlement/grandiosity” and autobiographical memory specificity differentially mediated the relationship between emotional and physical abuse and neglect, and parental care and overprotection with BPD characteristics, including trait anger and the frequent expression of anger. In line with attachment theory and the functional avoidance mechanism (Williams et al., 2007), the proposed mediators are conceptualised as adaptive responses to early adversity with potential maladaptive consequences for later interpersonal functioning. Research limitations/implications – These provisional findings will require further exploration with specific investigation of the relationship between EMS and autobiographical memory specificity. It is recommended that future research replicates the study’s design with a larger sample and investigate the role of other mediators and moderators in this complex relationship. Examples of these are mentalisation, social problem-solving capabilities, social support and adult attachment styles. Practical implications – Clinical implications encourage the incorporation of these mediators into clinical formulation, intervention and ward practices. Originality/value – For forensic inpatients with a history of adversity, interventions working directly with EMS and specificity of autobiographical memory, e.g. schema therapy (Young, 1999), mentalisation and mindfulness may be useful. Furthermore, the relationship between EMS and specificity of autobiographical memory with interpersonal experience and functioning can be incorporated into clinical formulation.

scholarly journals Sensitivity to criticism and praise predicts schizotypy in the non-clinical population: The role of affect and perceived expressed emotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preethi Premkumar ◽  
Andrew K. Dunn ◽  
Juliana Onwumere ◽  
Elizabeth Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Perceived Criticism ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:Schizotypy represents a cluster of personality traits consisting of magical beliefs, perceptual aberrations, disorganisation, and anhedonia. Schizotypy denotes a vulnerability for psychosis, one reason being psychosocial stress. High expressed emotion (EE), a rating of high criticism, hostility, and emotional over-involvement from a close relative, denotes psychosocial stress and vulnerability to psychosis, and is associated with schizotypy. This study aimed to decipher the relationship of schizotypy to perceived criticism and perceived praise in terms of affect and perceived EE.Methods:Ninety-eight healthy participants listened to short audio-clips containing criticism, praise, and neutral comments from a stranger, and evaluated them in terms of the comments’ arousal and personal relevance. Participants also answered self-report questionnaires of schizotypy, depression, mood, and perceived EE. Correlational analyses tested the relationship between schizotypy and the evaluations of criticism and praise. Mediation analyses then tested whether depression, positive mood, and perceived EE explained these relationships.Results:Greater relevance of standard criticism correlated with higher positive schizotypy. This association was fully mediated by high depression and perceived irritability from a close relative. Lower relevance of standard praise correlated with higher cognitive disorganisation (another schizotypal trait). This relationship was partially mediated by low positive mood and high perceived intrusiveness from a close relative.Conclusion:Greater perceived criticism and lower perceived praise predict schizotypy in the healthy population. Affect and interpersonal sensitivity towards a close relative explain these relationships, such that depression increases perceived criticism, and positive mood increases perceived praise. Perceived EE defines the interpersonal nature of schizotypy.

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