scholarly journals The New in vitro Oral Irritation Test Method for Toothpaste using YD-38 Oral Mucosal Cell Line

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Gi Baeg Nam ◽  
Sun-A Cho ◽  
Jun-Cheol Cho ◽  
Chanho Kim ◽  
Yoo-Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Oral Irritation ◽  
Oral Mucosal Cell

Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of novel 4-azasteroidal-17-hydrazone derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Shao-Rui Chen ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Hai-Yan Zhao ◽  
Yu-Mei Zhang ◽  
Peng-Qi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Normal Human

A new series of 4-azasteroidal-17-hydrazone derivatives have been synthesized from androstenedione. Their structures were characterized by analysis and spectroscopic data. The antiproliferative activity of synthesized compounds against three cancer cells (human lung adenocarcinoma, human oesophageal cervical cancer, human gastric adenocarcinoma) and a normal cell line (human gastric mucosal) was investigated. The studies show that the compound bearing a naphthyl group displayed the same antiproliferative activity in vitro against tested cells as cis-platin did (a positive control). Most of the compounds show very weak toxicity towards normal human gastric mucosal cell line.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cytokine Release against Oral Mucosal Cell Line Culture (TR146) Stimulated by Neutrophil Elastase Associated with Behcet’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Azeem Hussain Soomro ◽  
Erum Khan ◽  
Shafaq Noori ◽  
Mohid Abrar Lone ◽  
Zahid Syal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Neutrophil Elastase ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Behcet's Disease ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Oral Mucosal Cell

Aim. Cytokines and chemokines may be involved in the onset of oral ulcer in Behcet’s disease. The aim of our study is to assess the cytotoxic effects of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines on reconstructed oral mucosal cell line (TR146) when treated with different concentrations of neutrophil elastase (NE). Objective. For this purpose, a culture of the oral mucosal model (OMM) prepared from a cell line derived from an oral squamous cell carcinoma of buccal mucosa (TR146) is treated with different concentrations of neutrophil elastase. The cultures were incubated for 4- and 24-hour intervals and designed as follows: culture + artificial saliva served as the negative control; culture + 0.01% SLS (sodium lauryl sulphate) served as the positive control; and culture + NE (10, 50, 100, and 200 nM) served as the treated group. Materials and Methods. We used sandwich ELISA technique to isolate IL-1β (interleukin 1β), IL-8, and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor). Results. We found no significant level of IL-8 and TNF-α when treated with different concentrations of neutrophil elastase after 4- and 24-hour incubation. The IL-1β level was slightly higher when treated with 100 and 200 nM NE after 24 hours of incubation although a significantly high level was observed at 100 nM NE after 4 hours of incubation. Hence, we found an increase in the level of IL-1β when stimulating the reconstructed oral mucosal model (OMM) with different concentrations of NE. This is a preliminary in vitro study; however, further research is required to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of cytokines and chemokines released when treated with NE. Moreover, high concentrations of NE are recommended to stimulate the release of cytokines and chemokines against the OMM.

scholarly journals Human Co-culture Model of Neurons and Astrocytes to Test Acute Cytotoxicity of Neurotoxic Compounds

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uliana De Simone ◽  
Francesca Caloni ◽  
Laura Gribaldo ◽  
Teresa Coccini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Alternative methods and their use in planning and conducting toxicology experiments have become essential for modern toxicologists, thus reducing or replacing living animals. Although in vitro human co-culture models allow the establishment of biologically relevant cell–cell interactions that recapitulate the tissue microenvironment and better mimic its physiology, the number of publications is limited specifically addressing this scientific area and utilizing this test method which could provide an additional valuable model in toxicological studies. In the present study, an in vitro model based on central nervous system (CNS) cell co-cultures was implemented using a transwell system combining human neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y cell line) and glial cells, namely astrocytes (D384 cell line), to investigate neuroprotection of D384 on SH-SY5Y and vice versa. The model was applied to test acute (24-48 hours) cytotoxicity of 3 different neurotoxicants: (1) methyl mercury (1-2.5 μM), (2) Fe3O4 nanoparticles (1-100 μg/mL), and (3) methylglyoxal (0.5-1 mM). Data were compared to mono-cultures evaluating the mitochondrial function and cell morphology. The results clearly showed that all compounds tested affected the mitochondrial activity and cell morphology in both mono-culture and co-culture conditions. However, astrocytes, when cultured together with neurons, diminish the neurotoxicant-induced cytotoxic effects that occurred in neurons cultured alone, and astrocytes become more resistant in the presence of neurons. This human CNS co-culture system seems a suitable cell model to feed high-throughput acute screening platforms and to evaluate both human neuronal and astrocytic toxicity and neuroprotective effects of new and emerging materials (eg, nanomaterials) and new products with improved sensitivity due to the functional neuron–astrocyte metabolic interactions.

scholarly journals Catch-up validation study of an in vitro skin irritation test method based on an open source reconstructed epidermis (phase II)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 254-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Groeber ◽  
L. Schober ◽  
F.F. Schmid ◽  
A. Traube ◽  
S. Kolbus-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Reconstructed Epidermis ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Skin Irritation Test

scholarly journals ChemSkin Reference Chemical Database for the Development of an In Vitro Skin Irritation Test

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Juhee Han ◽  
Ga-Young Lee ◽  
Green Bae ◽  
Mi-Jeong Kang ◽  
Kyung-Min Lim
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Chemical Database ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Skin Irritation Test

Since the animal test ban on cosmetics in the EU in 2013, alternative in vitro safety tests have been actively researched to replace in vivo animal tests. For the development and evaluation of a new test method, reference chemicals with quality in vivo data are essential to assess the predictive capacity and applicability domain. Here, we compiled a reference chemical database (ChemSkin DB) for the development and evaluation of new in vitro skin irritation tests. The first candidates were selected from 317 chemicals (source data n = 1567) searched from the literature from the last 20 years, including previous validation study reports, ECETOC, and published papers. Chemicals showing inconsistent classification or those that were commercially unavailable, difficult or dangerous to handle, prohibitively expensive, or without quality in vivo or in vitro data were removed, leaving a total of 100 chemicals. Supporting references, in vivo Draize scores, UN GHS/EU CLP classifications and commercial sources were compiled. Test results produced by the approved methods of OECD Test No. 439 were included and compared using the classification table, scatter plot, and Pearson correlation analysis to identify the false predictions and differences between in vitro skin irritation tests. These results may provide an insight into the future development of new in vitro skin irritation tests.

Validation and Regulatory Acceptance of Alternatives

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD N. HILL ◽  
WILLIAM S. STOKES
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Eye Irritation ◽  
Current Test ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Test Guideline

For years there was no focus within the U.S. federal government for alternatives to animal toxicity testing. Questions coming to regulatory agencies fell upon individuals to address in the best way they could. Given this void, the ad hoc Interagency Regulatory Alternatives Group was founded by staff in a number of federal agencies in the late 1980s to coalesce efforts in the field. The group sponsored two international workshops on eye irritation, the first making proposals for change in the current test method in rabbits, the second reviewing available data on in vitro alternatives. The result has been that the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is considering revision of the in vivo eye irritation test guideline to incorporate a number of the workshop deliberations. However, movement of the in vitro eye irritation alternatives has been disappointing; attempts to determine their practical testing significance have thus far been unrewarding.

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