North Korea in 2016

Asian Survey ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Charles K. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Leadership Position ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Nuclear Tests

Kim Jong Un further consolidated his leadership position at the Seventh Congress of the Workers’ Party in May, the first congress since 1980. Pyongyang conducted two nuclear tests and made advances in missile delivery, eliciting strong sanctions resolutions from the UN Security Council, first in March and again in November.

scholarly journals ANO Drošības padomes prakse valstu atbildības gaismā (1945–1975)

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Ieva Miļūna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Political Responsibility ◽  
International Obligation ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

This article examines the practice of the UN Security Council in the years 1945 to 1975 in light of state responsibility law. The author assesses the political organ’s practice in light of the main elements of state responsibility – breach of an international obligation, attribution of a conduct to a state, circumstances precluding wrongfulness and reparation. The author concludes that the UN Security Council’s determinations regarding situations Indonesia, India-Pakistan, North Korea, Middle East, South Africa, Cyprus and Southern Rhodesia comprise these elements. The author also comes to a conclusion that the po­litical organ develops its own regime of political responsibility comprising such elements as political prevention, political restitution and condemnation.

North Korea heads for economic crisis

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
North East ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Domestic Instability ◽  
The Impact

Subject The impact of sanctions on North Korea's economy. Significance Successive UN Security Council resolutions over the past year impose the toughest sanctions North Korea has ever faced. If implemented thoroughly, the new sanctions will have much greater impact than earlier measures. The result will be to increase political risk in North-east Asia in the medium term (2018-20). Impacts North Korea's leadership will not even consider denuclearisation, seeing this as tantamount to collective suicide. The threat of domestic instability will push the elite to become more repressive at home. If political collapse or war looked imminent, China would switch back to quietly undermining the sanctions regime.

scholarly journals Implications of UN Security Council Sanctions for Russia – North Korea Economic Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
L. V. Zakharova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Russian North ◽  
The Russian Federation

The UN Security Council imposed tough economic sanctions against the DPRK in response to Pyongyang's nuclear and missile tests in 2016-2017. They placed considerable strain on economic relations with North Korea. Prior to the introduction of the new international restrictions, economic relations between the Russian Federation and the DPRK had been mainly represented by trade, the Hasan-Rajin joint transport and logistics project, temporary labor migration of North Korean citizens to work in Russia, and humanitarian assistance from the Russian Federation. New investment cooperation projects had also been discussed (for example, in infrastructure and energy spheres), as well as the construction of an motor-way bridge between the two countries. The article evaluates the consequences of the UN Security Council sanctions against the DPRK for the main areas of Russian-North Korean economic relations. Moscow managed to exclude the Khasan-Rajin railway project from the UN Security Council resolutions as the Russian side had invested more than $ 250 million in it. Since 2018 the joint venture, however, has faced serious problems in ensuring the necessary volume of freight to handle. Due to the UNSC sanctions, mutually beneficial cooperation in attracting workers from the DPRK to Russia had to be terminated by the end of 2019. At the same time, bilateral trade, which cut in half in 2018, showed a yoy growth of more than 40 % in 2019, primarily due to an increase in Russian exports. The supply of the Russian humanitarian aid also continued.

North Korea missile development will proceed apace

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Game Changer

Significance No warning was given to shipping. With rare speed, owing to Chinese fury at the timing of this during the G20 summit in Hangzhou, the next day the UN Security Council (UNSC) condemned Pyongyang's "flagrant disregard" of past UNSC resolutions. With no sign that Kim Jong-un will heed this latest UN rebuke any more than previous ones, the current Western and global hard line towards North Korea is having no visible impact. Impacts North-South relations will probably remain abysmal till then, though opportunistic U-turns by either Korea cannot be entirely ruled out. Chinese enforcement of sanctions will remain patchy, especially given Beijing's hostility to US missile deployment in South Korea. Regular deployment of SLBMs by Pyongyang would be a game-changer for the region. South Korean predictions of regime collapse are premature.

Risk of North Korea war will grow if trends continue

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Un Security Council

Significance North Korea the same day pledged a “decisive act of justice” to avenge “a hundred thousand-fold” the “heinous crime” of UN Security Council (UNSC) sanctions approved unanimously on August 5, which imposed stringent new curbs on North Korea’s exports. Impacts Pyongyang's ever-belligerent rhetoric should not be taken literally. As distinct from provocative WMD tests, Kim Jong-un is unlikely to launch a major attack, knowing it would be suicidal. Seoul and Beijing will strive for renewed diplomacy. South Korea and Japan would bear the brunt of any actual hostilities. Unilateral US action that provoked Pyongyang into striking South Korea or Japan would probably damage these alliances irreparably.

scholarly journals Implikasi Hukum Ketidakpatuhan Korea Utara terhadap Resolusi Dewan Keamanan PBB dalam Uji Coba Nuklir

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-30
Author(s):  
Nuraisah Nuraisah ◽  
Rika Erawaty
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Member State ◽  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Security Council Resolution ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Nuclear Program ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Un General Assembly

Since 2006 to 2017 the Security Council has passed a resolution on North Korea's nuclear test act. Article 25 of the UN Charter states that Members of the United Nations agree to accept and implement the decisions of the Security Council in accordance with this Charter. North Korea as a UN member state that obtained the UN Security Council Resolution is obliged to implement the sanctions resolution. However, the sanctions contained in the resolution did not make North Korea stop its nuclear program and it shows North Korea's noncompliance with UN Security Council resolutions. Implications accompanying any denial by North Korea against the UN Security Council resolution which in general affects four fields, namely the fields of economy, politics, defense and international cooperation. In addition to non-military sanctions, the Security Council under chapter VII Article 42 of the UN Charter can impose military sanctions where possible, the Security Council can also impose sanctions through the UN General Assembly on its recommendation to suspend the rights of UN membership) and expulsion of a country from UN membership).

North Korea sanctions usher in new era of tension

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Security Council Resolution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Era ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Eventual Return ◽  
Ruling Party

Significance This signalled defiance of UN Security Council Resolution 2270, passed unanimously on March 2, which condemns Pyongyang's nuclear test on January 6 and its satellite launch (using ballistic missile technology) on February 7, imposes the toughest sanctions yet on the Kim regime. Impacts Whether the new sanctions are more effective than previous ones will take time to assess, and depends on interpretation and implementation. Pyongyang's strategic direction may be clarified once the ruling party holds its first Congress for 35 years in May. With China-North Korea ties icy, Russia will give Kim a degree of diplomatic cover. South Korea's new hard line is bipartisan; even most liberals no longer support a 'sunshine' policy. Any eventual return to diplomacy may have to await new leaders in Washington in 2017 and Seoul from February 2018.

Moscow will capitalise on good ties with both Koreas

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
Economic Ties

Significance Russia denies breaking any rules but is keen to move towards sanctions relaxation. This would allow it to ramp up economic ties with North Korea through 'trilateral cooperation' with South Korea. It sees opportunities for energy exports and a trade route linking the Korean peninsula with Europe. Impacts Moscow's wider goal is to strengthen its geopolitical position, currently overshadowed by Washington and Beijing. Russian state-linked and private traders will continue to face US penalties for breaking sanctions imposed on North Korea. Moscow appears to be winding down the number of North Korean guest workers as required by the UN Security Council.

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