African Americans and the Crisis of Modernity

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Eric S. King
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Family ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Crisis Of Modernity

This article examines Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun by exploring the conflict between a traditionally Southern, Afro-Christian, communitarian worldview and certain more destabilizing elements of the worldview of modernity. In addition to examining the socio-economic problems confronted by some African Americans in the play, this article investigates the worldviews by which these Black people frame their problems as well as the dynamics within the relationships of a Black family that lives at the intersection of racial, class, and gender inequality in Chicago during the latter 1950s.

Cognitive Skill and Economic Inequality: Findings from the National Adult Literacy Survey

1998 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Raudenbush ◽  
Rafa Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Hispanic Americans ◽  
Literacy Survey ◽  
And Gender ◽  
National Adult Literacy Survey

Few would deny that the civil rights and women's movements have substantially changed U.S. society. Yet ethnic and gender inequality in employment and earnings remain large. Even when comparisons are confined to persons of similar educational attainment, African Americans and Hispanic Americans earn less than European Americans, women earn less than men, and African Americans suffer a substantially elevated risk of unemployment. One prominent explanation for ethnic differences in earnings and employment is that, holding constant access to schooling, differences in economic outcomes reflect differences in cognitive skills that have become decisive in the modern labor market. A prominent explanation for the gender gap emphasizes gender differences in occupational preference, with women choosing occupations that are lower paying. Based on an intensive analysis of data from the U.S. National Adult Literacy Survey, the authors find that these two explanations are only partly successful in illuminating ethnic and gender inequality in employment and earnings. Alternative explanations emphasizing labor market discrimination and residential segregation cannot be ignored. In this article, Stephen Raudenbush and Rafa Kasim consider the implications of this new evidence for current debates about affirmative action and educational reform.

scholarly journals Violence Against Women in Sanaa Shalan’s Falling in the Sun

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Saif AL Deen Lutfi Ali AL Ghammaz ◽  
Ruzy Suliza Hashim ◽  
Amrah Binti Abdulmajid
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Violence against women is a heinous act committed against a woman, a wife, a mother, a sister, or even a daughter deliberately or not deliberately causing her psychological, emotional, and physical harm. The rise of this unhealthy phenomenon mainly in less-developed countries such as Jordan necessitates more academic attention not only because of its detrimental effect on the Jordanian women’s lives, but also because it is intentionally ignored and dismissed as taboo. With that, there has been a growing interest among Jordanian writers and sociologists in exploring the extent of this social ill through creative literary genres such as novels. This paper for one primarily examines the manifestations of violence against women in the Jordanian context through a textual analysis of Falling in the Sun by Sanaa Shalan, an author hailing from the contemporary Jordanian generation. Originally written in Arabic, this well-known novel gives prominence to the severe reality of the distress habitually suffered by many Jordanian women, notably the various forms of violence that they have to tolerate living in a multicultural male-controlled nation. With a feminist reading of Falling in the Sun (2014), we shall examine Shalan’s representations of violence against women in the novel as a dire social illness resulting from mistaken social beliefs, absence of laws, and misunderstanding of religion and gender inequality in the Jordanian society. Additionally, the current paper’s outline is constructed on three main forms of violence against women, i.e. physical, psychological and economic abuse as depicted in Falling in the Sun through the novel’s female characters, primarily the main protagonists.

Pocket Political Education: A New Tool from United for a Fair Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Riahl O’Malley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
Black Family ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Education ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
White Families ◽  
Working People ◽  
And Gender

At the time of this writing, the richest 1 percent owns nearly 40 percent of private wealth in the United States. The bottom 50 percent owns just 1 percent of that same pie. Meanwhile, the median black family owns just ten cents for every dollar of wealth owned by white families. Women make up three-quarters of the low-wage workforce and 36 percent of low-wage workers are women of color. Thanks to movements like Occupy, Black Lives Matter, #MeToo, and the hard work of movement educators around the country, consciousness around economic, racial, and gender inequality is growing. And yet while more are aware these problems exist, few see the links between them or agree on how we can solve them. Pocket Political Education from United for a Fair Economy supports interactive dialogue that helps working people connect the dots between economic, racial, and gender inequality to inform their strategic action for change. The tool is highly adaptable so that organizers and educators working in diverse contexts can create spaces for consciousness-raising that move people and groups to action.

WHAT WE FACE

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Arlette Hirsch ◽  
Anthony Abraham Jack
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Black Family ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Racial Solidarity ◽  
Sociological Studies

AbstractWhile many sociological studies analyze the causes, conditions, and mechanisms perpetuating American racial inequality, the literature on how African Americans understand and explain these inequalities is less developed. Drawing on 150 interviews with middle-class and working-class African American men and women, this paper analyzes inductively how respondents define and conceptualize the most pressing obstacles facing their group when probed on this question. We find that middle- and working-class respondents alike identify the problem of racism as the most salient obstacle facing African Americans. Class differences appear with respect to what other obstacles are singled out as salient: while middle-class respondents focus on lack of racial solidarity among Blacks and economic problems (in this order), working-class respondents are more concerned with the fragility of the Black family followed by the lack of racial solidarity. This analysis discusses the relevance of considering how groups make sense of obstacles, and of racism and discrimination in particular, for the study of destigmatization and antiracist strategies of stigmatized minorities.

Scheduled Castes: Social And Gender Inequality

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-362
Author(s):  
M.S. Shinde M.S. Shinde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Scheduled Castes ◽  
And Gender

Neural and sociocultural mediators of ethnic differences in pain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
EAR Losin ◽  
CW Woo ◽  
NA Medina ◽  
JR Andrews-Hanna ◽  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Nociceptive Pain ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Pain Mechanisms ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
Pain Report ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

© 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Understanding ethnic differences in pain is important for addressing disparities in pain care. A common belief is that African Americans are hyposensitive to pain compared to Whites, but African Americans show increased pain sensitivity in clinical and laboratory settings. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying these differences are unknown. We studied an ethnicity- and gender-balanced sample of African Americans, Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites using functional magnetic resonance imaging during thermal pain. Higher pain report in African Americans was mediated by discrimination and increased frontostriatal circuit activations associated with pain rating, discrimination, experimenter trust and extranociceptive aspects of pain elsewhere. In contrast, the neurologic pain signature, a neuromarker sensitive and specific to nociceptive pain, mediated painful heat effects on pain report largely similarly in African American and other groups. Findings identify a brain basis for higher pain in African Americans related to interpersonal context and extranociceptive central pain mechanisms and suggest that nociceptive pain processing may be similar across ethnicities.

An Introduction to Gender and Representation in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Latin American Politics ◽  
Gender And Politics ◽  
Women's Representation ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Women’S Representation ◽  
And Gender

In this introductory chapter of Gender and Representation in Latin America, Leslie A. Schwindt-Bayer argues that gender inequality in political representation in Latin America is rooted in institutions and the democratic challenges and political crises facing Latin American countries. She situates the book in two important literatures—one on Latin American politics and democratic institutions, the other on gender and politics—and then explains how the book will explore the ways that institutions and democratic challenges and political crises moderate women’s representation and gender inequality. She introduces the book’s framework of analyzing the causes and consequences of women’s representation, overviews the organization of the volume, and summarizes the main arguments of the chapters.

Islam, Gender, and Democracy in Comparative Perspective

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Shed Light

This volume reframes the debate around Islam and women’s rights within a broader comparative literature. It examines the complex and contingent historical relationships between religion, secularism, democracy, law, and gender equality. Part I addresses the nexus of religion, law, gender, and democracy through different disciplinary perspectives (sociology, anthropology, political science, law). Part II localizes the implementation of this nexus between law, gender, and democracy, and provides contextualized responses to questions raised in Part I. The contributors explore the situation of Muslim women’s rights vis-à-vis human rights to shed light on gender politics in the modernization of the nation and to ponder over the role of Islam in gender inequality across different Muslim countries.

scholarly journals nSex-biased prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and gender inequality in rural Nepal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Bertoncello ◽  
Irene Amoruso ◽  
Ughetta Moscardino ◽  
Marco Fonzo ◽  
Mahendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rural Nepal
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