Turning Passion into Profession: A History of Craft Beer in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Fastigi ◽  
Jillian R. Cavanaugh
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Craft Beer ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Beer Production

This article investigates the Italian craft brewing revolution, a florescence of small-scale, artisanal beer production that began in the late 1990s. This revolution presents a number of provocative paradoxes, such as the growing importance of beer consumption and production in a country long known for its wine, its economic success at a time of ongoing and severe economic crisis in Italy, and the ways in which a love of drinking beer is driving many to choose to make it. Drawing on extensive survey data among craft brewers, ethnographic research, and interviews with craft brewers and their supporters, we show that Italian craft beer is a valuable case study of productive leisure leading to passionate production, and sketch the regional contours of Italian craft brewing against the contemporary global rise in artisanal beer production and consumption.

Craft Beer's Unlikely Alchemist

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
Theresa McCulla
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Intellectual Curiosity ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Washing Machine ◽  
Craft Beer ◽  
History Of

In 1965, Frederick (Fritz) Maytag III began a decades-long revitalization of Anchor Brewing Company in San Francisco, California. This was an unexpected venture from an unlikely brewer; for generations, Maytag's family had run the Maytag Washing Machine Company in Iowa and he had no training in brewing. Yet Maytag's career at Anchor initiated a phenomenal wave of growth in the American brewing industry that came to be known as the microbrewing—now “craft beer”—revolution. To understand Maytag's path, this article draws on original oral histories and artifacts that Maytag donated to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History via the American Brewing History Initiative, a project to document the history of brewing in the United States. The objects and reflections that Maytag shared with the museum revealed a surprising link between the birth of microbrewing and the strategies and culture of mass manufacturing. Even if the hallmarks of microbrewing—a small-scale, artisan approach to making beer—began as a backlash against the mass-produced system of large breweries, they relied on Maytag's early, intimate connections to the assembly-line world of the Maytag Company and the alchemy of intellectual curiosity, socioeconomic privilege, and risk tolerance with which his history equipped him.

scholarly journals Cheese in Chijnaya: Communal Entrepreneurship in Rural Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-210
Author(s):  
Ralph Bolton ◽  
Jhuver Aguirre-Torres ◽  
Ken C. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Urban Markets ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cheese Production

Individual entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship may be more common both in daily life and in the research literature, but community- based entrepreneurship also plays an important role in economic development. We present a case study of community entrepreneurship in a rural area of the Andes, where the community of Chijnaya operates a successful cheese production business. Buying milk from its farmer members in the community, the business produces cheeses that are sold in regional urban markets and beyond. This account draws on decades of ethnographic research and collaboration with the community. Here, we discuss the history of the community in general and of the cheese enterprise in particular. The organizational structure of the business is outlined along with a description of the production processes. We end with an analysis of problems faced by the community in moving the enterprise forward toward a more profitable future and a discussion of the relevance of this case to entrepreneurship studies.

Tilapia cage farming in Lake Taal, Batangas, Philippines.

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Rural Aquaculture ◽  
Aquaculture Development

Abstract This case study was prepared as part of an Asian Development Bank (ADB) Special Evaluation Study (SES) on Small-Scale Freshwater Rural Aquaculture Development. In the context of the SES, this case study used primary and secondary data and published information to document the human, social, natural, physical and financial capital available to households involved in the production and consumption of freshwater farmed fish and to identify channels through which the poor are affected. The history, biophysical, socioeconomic and institutional characteristics of Lake Taal, Batangas, Philippines are described, followed by accounts of the technology and management used for tilapia cage farming and nursery operations, with detailed profiles of fish farmers and other beneficiaries. Transforming processes are then discussed with respect to markets, labour, institutions, support services, policy, legal instruments, natural resources and their management and environmental issues. Main outcomes, conclusions and implications for poverty alleviation are then summarized.

Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 310-338
Author(s):  
Hans-Jörg Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Systematic Description ◽  
Change Direction ◽  
History Of

This chapter discusses how the Entrenchment-and-Conventionalization Model explains language change. First, it is emphasized that not only innovation and variation, but also the frequency of repetition can serve as important triggers of change. Conventionalization and entrenchment processes can interact and be influenced by numerous forces in many ways, resulting in various small-scale processes of language change, which can stop, change direction, or even become reversed. This insight serves as a basis for the systematic description of nine basic modules of change which differ in the ways in which they are triggered and controlled by processes and forces. Large-scale pathways of change such as grammaticalization, lexicalization, pragmaticalization, context-induced change, or colloquialization and standardization are all explained by reference to these modules. The system is applied in a case study on the history of do-periphrasis.

Labour Aristocracy–a Northern Nigerian Case Study

1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Detailed Survey ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Wage Labour ◽  
Term Labour

The term ‘labour aristocracy’ first appeared in the literature on African economic development in 1968,1 although African wage labour had previously been described as a privileged elite on many occasions. I wish to question the accuracy and relevance of the type of calculation upon which these descriptions are based, and to present the situation which prevails today in Northern Nigeria, using detailed survey data on the earnings of rural farmers, urban workers, and those employed in small-scale enterprises.

scholarly journals SKILL, CRAFT AND HISTORIES OF INDUSTRIALISATION IN EUROPE AND ASIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 127-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine Berg
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intensive Production ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Knowledge Economies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Divergence ◽  
Development Paths

ABSTRACTIt is time to reexamine craft and small-scale manufacture within our histories of industrialisation, both West and East, and to reflect on the long survival and adaptation of artisanal production even within our globalised world of production and consumption. Historians since the 1950s have addressed craft, skill and labour-intensive production in historical frameworks such as ‘the rise of the factory system’, ‘proto-industrialisation’ and ‘flexible specialisation’. More recently, they have devised other concepts which include labour and skill-intensive production such as ‘industrious revolution’, ‘the great divergence’, ‘knowledge economies’, ‘East Asian development paths’ and ‘cycles of production’. This paper surveys this historiography of craft and skill in models of industrialisation. It then reflects on small-scale industrial structures in current globalisation, emphasising the continued significance of craft and skill over a long history of global transitions. It gives close examination to one region, Gujarat, and its recent industrial and global history. The paper compares industrial production for East India Company trade in the eighteenth century to the recent engagement of the artisans of the Kachchh district of Gujarat in global markets. It draws on the oral histories of seventy-five artisan families to discuss the past and future of craft and skill in the industry of the global economy.

scholarly journals A N-D VIRTUAL NOTEBOOK ABOUT THE BASILICA OF S. AMBROGIO IN MILAN: INFORMATION MODELING FOR THE COMMUNICATION OF HISTORICAL PHASES SUBTRACTION PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W5 ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stanga ◽  
C. Spinelli ◽  
R. Brumana ◽  
D. Oreni ◽  
R. Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
The City

This essay describes the combination of 3D solutions and software techniques with traditional studies and researches in order to achieve an integrated digital documentation between performed surveys, collected data, and historical research. The approach of this study is based on the comparison of survey data with historical research, and interpretations deduced from a data cross-check between the two mentioned sources. The case study is the Basilica of S. Ambrogio in Milan, one of the greatest monuments in the city, a pillar of the Christianity and of the History of Architecture. It is characterized by a complex stratification of phases of restoration and transformation. Rediscovering the great richness of the traditional architectural notebook, which collected surveys and data, this research aims to realize a virtual notebook, based on a 3D model that supports the dissemination of the collected information. It can potentially be understandable and accessible by anyone through the development of a mobile app. The 3D model was used to explore the different historical phases, starting from the recent layers to the oldest ones, through a virtual subtraction process, following the methods of Archaeology of Architecture. Its components can be imported into parametric software and recognized both in their morphological and typological aspects. It is based on the concept of LoD and ReverseLoD in order to fit the accuracy required by each step of the research.

Small-scale farming of tilapia in ponds in Central Luzon, Philippines.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Rural Aquaculture ◽  
Aquaculture Development

Abstract This case study was prepared as part of an Asian Development Bank (ADB) Special Evaluation Study (SES) on Small-Scale Freshwater Rural Aquaculture Development. In the context of the SES, this case study used primary and secondary data and published information to document the human, social, natural, physical and financial capital available to households involved in the production and consumption of freshwater farmed fish and to identify channels through which the poor are affected. This case study describes first the history, biophysical, socioeconomic, and institutional characteristics of Central Luzon, followed by accounts of the technology and management for farming tilapia, with detailed profiles of fish farmers and other beneficiaries. Transforming processes are discussed with respect to markets, institutions, support services, policy and legal instruments, natural resources management, and environmental issues.

scholarly journals Wal-Mart, American consumer citizenship, and the 2008 recession

Focaal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (61) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Collins
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Citizen Engagement ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Us ◽  
Consumer Citizenship ◽  
American Consumer ◽  
Proper Balance ◽  
The Way

This article explores dominant ideological framings of the economic crisis that began in 2008, by examining shifting meanings of consumer citizenship in the US. The consumer citizen was a central figure in Keynesian ideology—one that encapsulated important assumptions about the proper relationship between production and consumption and the appropriate arenas for citizen engagement with the economy. Taking Wal-Mart as a case-study example, the article analyzes the way that corporate actors have flattened and reconfigured the concept of consumer citizenship in the US—promoting the “consumer” over the “citizen” and the “worker,” which had previously been important aspects of the concept—and have replaced Keynesian-era conversations about the proper balance between production and consumption with a rhetoric of choice between low prices and high wages.

scholarly journals The Ritual of Beer Consumption as Discursive Intervention: Effigy, Sensory Politics, and Resistance in Everyday IR

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Saunders ◽  
Jack Holland
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Critical Geopolitics ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
Visual Politics ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Everyday

We draw on work on popular culture, critical geopolitics, visual politics, affect and the everyday in order to develop a framework for the analysis of the ritual of beer consumption as discursive intervention. Specifically, we argue the need for International Relations to expand theories of visual politics to a broader ‘sensory politics’, incorporating taste, smell, and touch. For our case study, we explore the empirical contestation of dominant geopolitical discourses, critically analysing the production and consumption of two explicitly and intentionally political beers: Norwegian brewery 7 Fjell’s release of ‘The Donald Ignorant IPA’; and Scottish BrewDog’s production of ‘Hello, My Name is Vladimir’. Conceptualising the ritual of these beers’ consumption as affective, effigial, and corporeal discursive interventions, we encourage a move beyond the visual to the sensory, in order to make sense of beers’ (limited) potential for resistance within everyday IR.

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