Pirates of the Salish Sea: Labor, Mobility, and Environment in the Transnational West

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
LISSA WADEWITZ

This article illustrates that a transnational perspective reveals how nature and work intertwined to shape workers' responses to evolving regional class relations in the western Canadian-U.S. borderlands. Labor and environment are intimately connected in all the West's extractive industries, and workers engaged and learned about the natural world through their labor. In the watery borderland between Washington and British Columbia, they also used the fl uidity of this border to cross the international line and enter more advantageous markets, escape authorities, and express dissatisfaction with class inequities and ethnoracial tensions. These activities earned them the epithets "bandits" and "pirates," especially from U.S. and Canadian canners who sought to manipulate ethnic differences to exploit workers more effectively. The Fraser River salmon fi shery offers a microcosm through which to assess how western labor and environmental history intersect, and what these linkages can reveal about issues of power and human agency.

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1440-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Kostaschuk ◽  
M. A. Church ◽  
J. L. Luternauer

The lower main channel of the Fraser River, British Columbia, is a sand-bed, salt-wedge estuary in which variations in velocity, discharge, and bedform characteristics are contolled by river discharge and the tides. Bed-material composition remains consistent over the discharge season and in the long term. Changes in bedform height and length follow but lag behind seasonal fluctuations in river discharge. Migration rates of bedforms respond more directly to river discharge and tidal fall than do height and length. Bedform characteristics were utilized to estimate bedload transport in the estuary, and a strong, direct, but very sensitive relationship was found between bed load and river discharge. Annual bedload transport in the estuary is estimated to be of the order of 0.35 Mt in 1986. Bedload transport in the estuary appears to be higher than in reaches upstream, possibly because of an increase in sediment movement along the bed to compensate for a reduction in suspended bed-material load produced by tidal slack water and the salt wedge.


1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D. Beacham

A 2-year livetrapping study on Townsend's vole (Microtus townsendii) on Reifel Island in the Fraser River delta in British Columbia, Canada, showed that there was an early stop to summer breeding in the peak phase summer compared with the increasing phase summer. Selective dispersal and death of early-maturing voles may account for this result. A delay occurred in the onset of breeding in the decline phase. Voles in peak density populations had the highest median weights at sexual maturity, and males matured at heavier weights than did females.


Author(s):  
Marta Wójcik-Czerwińska

Abstract      Stephanie LeMenager, literature professor and author of Living Oil: Petroleum Culture in the American Century (2014), opens her study of America’s relationship with the resource by asserting that reports of its death have been exaggerated. Oil not only drive American modernity, but also inspire writers to explore it, in both fiction and non-fiction. While “petrofiction,” fiction with oil at its core, has received critical attention, certain new developments in non-fictional writing centred on petroleum call for more consideration. This article, therefore, probes representations of oil in contemporary American and Canadian non-fiction. It analyses William L. Fox’s essay “A Pipeline Runs through It” (2011), which is based on a trip along the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, and Andrew Nikiforuk’s article “Canadian Democracy: Death by Pipeline” (2012), which discusses the impact of the proposed Northern Gateway Pipeline from Alberta to British Columbia. Adopting an ecocritical perspective, the article puts to the test LeMenager’s thesis that journalists are “expert plotters against oil” and “conservationists.” To this aim, it analyses the specific means by which the two journalists expose the presence of oil, and highlight its micro and macro implications, from its impact on the landscape and the lives of people whose livelihoods and cultures have been shaped by the natural world, to that on democracy and our minds. Resumen      Stephanie LeMenager, profesora de literatura y autora de Living Oil: Petroleum Culture in the American Century (2014), abre su estudio sobre la relación de los Estados Unidos con el petróleo como recurso natural, mediante la afirmación de que los informes de su muerte han sido exagerados. El petróleo no sólo impulsa la modernidad americana sino también inspira a los escritores para explorarlo tanto en la ficción como en la no-ficción. Mientras que la “petroficción,” ficción centrada en el petróleo, ha sido objeto de atención crítica, algunos nuevos desarrollos en la escritura de no-ficción centrada en el petróleo causan mayor interés. Este artículo trata de representar al petróleo en la no-ficción contemporánea americana y canadiense. Analiza el ensayo de William L. Fox “A Pipeline Runs through It” (2011), basado en un viaje a lo largo del sistema de oleoducto Trans-Alaska, y el artículo de Andrew Nikiforuk “Canadian Democracy: Death by Pipeline” (2012), discutiendo el impacto de la propuesta del oleoducto del Norte desde Alberta hasta la Columbia Británica. Adoptando una perspectiva ecocrítica, el artículo pone a prueba las tesis de LeMenager de que los periodistas como “expertos conspiradores contra el petróleo” y “conservacionistas”. Para ello, analiza los medios específicos por los cuales los dos periodistas exponen la presencia de petróleo y destacan sus macro y micro implicaciones, desde su impacto en el paisaje y en las vidas de las personas cuyos medios de vida y culturas han sido moldeadas por el mundo natural, hasta su impacto en la democracia y en nuestras mentes.


2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Humphreys ◽  
Sean Blenkinsop

AbstractThis article uses an unconventional format to explore the role of parent and nature and the development of a young child's ecological identity. It follows journal entries from a mother observing her young son, Julian, as he explores, interacts with, and learns from the Stawamus River on the west coast of British Columbia. By creating questions, discussing and analysing these written observations, we explore the role of parenting and nature and the implications this might have for environmental education. Some of the ideas explored in this article include early ecological identity, empathy, relational existence, experiential learning, and affordances in the natural world. We further suggest that nature and parent working together might become key educators for a child.


2004 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 1396-1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Beamish ◽  
J. T. Schnute ◽  
A. J. Cass ◽  
C. M. Neville ◽  
R. M. Sweeting

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