The Strength of Near and Distant Ties

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Randell
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Environmental Migration ◽  
Destination Choices ◽  
Agricultural Households ◽  
Belo Monte

This study uses longitudinal semi-structured interview data to understand the role of social capital in environmental migration. I investigate how rural agricultural households displaced by the Belo Monte Dam in the Brazilian Amazon used ties to family and close friends in both the origin and destination during the course of migration, from pre-migration planning through post-migration livelihood reconstruction. I discover that the majority of households made strategic use of strong ties, relying on local and translocal social capital to help them find and purchase new property. Also, numerous households migrated to the same destinations as other displaced households and/or to places where family and friends had already lived beforehand. Maintaining strong ties in the destination was a priority for many households, as it facilitated the process of rebuilding livelihoods by providing social, financial, and emotional support. This study sheds light on how households make use of social networks during environmental migration, which can in turn help us better understand how social ties may shape migration decisions, capabilities, and destination choices among those displaced due to future environmental change.

scholarly journals The Role of Foreign Credentials and Ethnic Ties in Immigrants’ Economic Performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Immigrant Men

The literature has identified foreign credential devaluations and the shifting origins of immigrants to non-European sources as two factors that explain why some immigrants earn more than others. This study uses data from the Ethnic Diversity Survey to see how foreign credentials affect immigrants’ earnings, and whether immigrants with disadvantaged foreign credentials may be able to use ethnic social capital to mitigate the negative effect. Substantial gross earnings disparities exist among immigrant men and women of different origins, but much difference is due to human capital variations and duration of work. The study produces three major findings. First, foreign credentials benefit majority member immigrants but penalize visible minority immigrants. Second, immigrant men and women who maintain weak ethnic ties earn more than their counterparts with strong ties, suggesting that the enabling capacity of social capital for immigrants has been overstated. Third, there is no evidence of ethnic social capital being able to mitigate the negative effect of a credential deficit.

scholarly journals Analysing the Role of Social Visits on Migrants’ Social Capital: A Personal Network Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil Viry ◽  
Olga Ganjour ◽  
Jacques-Antoine Gauthier ◽  
Emmanuel Ravalet ◽  
Eric D. Widmer
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Spatial Dispersion ◽  
Network Effect ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Dyadic Relationships ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Face To Face

There are concerns that migrants may be embedded in far-flung networks with support being less collective. The spatial dispersion of their relatives and friends would result in fragmented networks with lower solidarity and lower mutual trust than densely connected networks based on geographical proximity. This may be particularly true for migrants who rarely meet their relatives and friends face-to-face. Yet, it is unclear what role, if any, distant visits play in migrants’ social capital. This article examines these issues using representative data from Switzerland and a combination of network and sequence analysis. Results show that migrants have more spatially dispersed networks, which, in turn, are associated with higher number of emotional support ties compared to respondents with spatially close networks, yet they are characterised by low cohesion and low trust. Distant visits only partly moderate the influence of spatial dispersion on social capital. People who frequently visit or host their far-flung relatives and friends have more transitive networks and fewer supportive ties than those who see them less often, but they do not have higher trust in them. Overall, distant visits have relatively little impact on social capital, suggesting a network effect that goes beyond dyadic relationships.

scholarly journals Segmentation and motivations of the attendees’ of the Mediaschool Festival in Łódź, Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Cudny ◽  
Patrycja Ogórek
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Geography ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Event Studies ◽  
Film Culture ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Culture Consumption ◽  
Post Industrial

Abstract The article presents the case study of the Mediaschool Film Festival held in Łódź, a large Polish post-industrial and post-socialist city. The authors’ main goals were to establish the number of the festival visitors, as well as investigate their structure, main motivations to attend the festival, and the level of satisfaction with the festival services. As a result, the authors draw conclusions concerning the role of the festival as a place of the film culture consumption, as well as its role in the development of social capital. The basic method of study was the survey, conducted among the festival visitors in 2011. It contained questions concerning the structure of the festival audience, the evaluation of the event, and the main motivations to attend it. The method was adapted from the event studies, which was a tactical move in order to place the research on the borderline between cultural geography and event studies. Other methods typical of cultural geography and used in the present study included participant observation and semi-structured interview with the festival organisers. The event is one of the urban festivals created after the fall of communism. It is visited mainly by young people, often connected with the Łódź film school. First of all, the festival satisfies the need for contact with culture and film art, thus contributing to the creation of social capital and the development of the film school in Łódź (a part of the cluster of film institutions in the city). The event is a meeting point for film people from Łódź, Poland and abroad. Thus it could be also described as an obligatory point of passage in film-related network of connections.

Pets as Transitional Objects: Their Role in Children's Emotional Development

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Lookabaugh Triebenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Transitional Objects ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Interview Format

Children's use of pets as transitional objects and the contributions of pets to children's emotional well-being were examined. The sample included 94 boys and 80 girls in preschool through Grade 5; 70% were current pet owners, and 30% were not pet owners. Each participant was individually interviewed using a structured interview format of 20 questions for current pet owners and three questions for non-pet owners to assess perceptions about the role of friendships between animals and humans, shared activities between children and pets, ways animals and humans communicate love for one another, types of verbal and nonverbal communication and interactions between animals and humans, and ways animals provide love, security, and emotional support to humans. Analysis indicated that children perceive their pets as special friends, important family members, and providers of social interactions, affection, and emotional support. Results are discussed in terms of the parallels between children's use of inanimate transitional objects and their use of pets as transitional objects.

scholarly journals Normative and functional dimension of intergenerational solidarity in the narratives of young mothers

Sociologija ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 306-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milana Ljubicic
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Young Mothers ◽  
Young Mother ◽  
Intergenerational Solidarity ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Instrumental Role

The paper analyses subjective expirience of normative and functional intergenerational solidarity dimensions trough young mother?s narratives on the expected and obtained assistance and support from their parents. Analysis had two goals. The first, a descriptive goal was to identify and describe 1. patterns of young mother?s expectations and 2. received help from their parents. The second goal was to ascertain the script standing behind expectations and received support. The sample consisted of twelve women - thirty years old mothers. With them was conducted semi structured interview. Gathered stories were interpreted using qualitative analysis. The findings show that respondents are counting on help from their parents. Expectations are based on a script about parenting as a heroic sacrifice and determined by the role of parents. Mothers are the dominant providers of assistance and support. They are asked to help with the children, in the housework, to provide emotional support and understanding. Fathers have an instrumental role - they are expected and provide material assistance. Recived support respondents perceived either as: full or sacrificing, dosed or assistance on call, and insufficient help. Expected and obtained kind in a large extent depends on the education, residency and employment status, and the degree of husband?s involvement in the housework and taking care of children. Indirectly, narrative analysis indicates a strong traditionalism in young mothers families.

Economic Significance of Social Capital

2011 ◽  
pp. 46-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Polishchuk ◽  
R. Menyashev
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Formal Institutions ◽  
Transmission Channels ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Bonding And Bridging ◽  
The Impact

The paper deals with economics of social capital which is defined as the capacity of society for collective action in pursuit of common good. Particular attention is paid to the interaction between social capital and formal institutions, and the impact of social capital on government efficiency. Structure of social capital and the dichotomy between its bonding and bridging forms are analyzed. Social capital measurement, its economic payoff, and transmission channels between social capital and economic outcomes are discussed. In the concluding section of the paper we summarize the results of our analysis of the role of social capital in economic conditions and welfare of Russian cities.

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