Gender Differences in the Psychological Well-Being of Married Men and Women: An Asian Case

Previous studies have found that children have a negative, albeit fairly weak, impact on the psychological well-being of parents. These studies have generally focused on married respondents and, to a somewhat lesser extent, unmarried women, but have generally ignored unmarried men. For the most part, studies of parenthood and well-being have not considered the issue of adult and/or absent children. Defining parenthood so it includes relations with adult children, absent children, and dependent children in the home, the present study compares the impact of parenthood on the well-being of formerly married men and women to that of married men and women. The findings confirm that nonparents experience better mental health than parents and further indicate that (1) variation in the parental role is more strongly associated with psychological well-being for men than for women, (2) parenthood is most strongly related to well-being among formerly married men, for whom the greatest problems occur with the presence of young children, (3) the negative effect of the absence of children on parents is greater than the effect of the presence of children for married men and formerly married women, and (4) much of the negative effect of being divorced or being widowed has to do with the impact of children on psychological well-being, particularly for men. Theoretical implications are discussed.

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Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-Being: Testing the Unique Association and Gender Differences among Young Working Adults

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0302.065 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kalpana Rani E

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Men And Women ◽

Working Adults ◽

And Gender ◽

Age Range

The purpose of the current study was (i) to find out the association between Perceived Social Support (PSS) and Psychological Well-Being (PWB) among young working adults and (ii) to study Gender differences in this relationship. 286 individuals volunteered to participate in the study within age range between 21 to 28 years. The sample consisted of 173 males and 113 females who were currently employed. PSS was measured using Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and PWB by Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-Being. The data was analysed using independent samples ‘t’ test, Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis and Regression analysis. The results indicated that PSS has a significant positive correlation with PWB indicating that the higher the level of PSS, the higher the level of PWB. Further, significant gender differences were found in PSS, with women reporting receiving more social support than men and women were also high in support from two of the three types of sources: family and friends. In addition, both men and women reported availability of higher social support from family as compared to what they can obtain from friends and significant other. No significant gender differences were found in PWB. Regression analysis indicated that PSS could significantly contribute to the prediction of PWB accounting for about twelve percent variance in it. Besides, PSS explained relatively higher variance in PWB among men as compared to women. Positive relations and self acceptance dimensions of PWB were better influenced by PSS in both men and women.

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Spousal Characteristics as Predictors of Well-Being in Older Couples

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.2190/35py-3axx-xt1v-71lr ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 257-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Cécile Quirouette ◽

Dolores Pushkar Gold

Keyword(s):

Physical Health ◽

Marital Adjustment ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Verbal Intelligence ◽

Older Couples ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Men And Women ◽

Married Men ◽

Differential Responsiveness

This study examined the relations between spousal variables and the psychological well-being of husbands and wives in older couples to determine if spousal characteristics were more important determinants of well-being for wives than for husbands. One hundred-twenty older married men and women completed standardized self-report measures and a short interview. The variables investigated included education, verbal intelligence, personality, physical health, marital adjustment, psychological well-being, as well as response bias to marital defensiveness. Spousal variables significantly predicted wives' well-being ( R2 = 29%) with the three most influential predictor variables being the husbands' perception of the marriage, positive dimension of well-being and physical health. In contrast, spousal variables did not significantly predict husbands' well-being. The study supported the hypothesis of differential responsiveness of men and women to spousal variables and highlighted the importance of marital adjustment for the psychological well-being of older wives.

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Informal Care Networks in the Context of Multimorbidity: Size, Composition, and Associations With Recipient Psychological Well-Being

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264316687623 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 641-664 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Matthew A. Andersson ◽

Joan K. Monin

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Informal Care ◽

Size Composition ◽

Well Being ◽

Network Size ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Men And Women ◽

Care Network ◽

Care Recipients ◽

Face Complex

Objective: We evaluate how the size and composition of care networks change with increasing morbidity count (i.e., multimorbidity) and how larger care networks relate to recipient psychological well-being. Method: Using the National Health and Aging Trends study (NHATS; N = 7,026), we conduct multivariate regressions to analyze size and compositional differences in care networks by morbidity count and recipient gender, and to examine differences in recipient psychological well-being linked to care network size. Results: Women report larger and more diverse care networks than men. These gender differences strengthen with increasing morbidity count. Larger care networks are associated with diminished psychological well-being among care recipients, especially as morbidity increases. Discussion: These findings reveal how increasing morbidity translates differently to care network size and diversity for men and women. They also suggest that having multiple caregivers may undermine the psychological well-being of care recipients who face complex health challenges.

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Perception of social support provided by coaches, optimism/pessimism, and psychological well-being: Gender differences and mediating effect models

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching ◽

10.1177/1747954120968649 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174795412096864

Author(s):

Tung-Wei Cnen ◽

Yi-Chuan Chiu ◽

Yawen Hsu

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Student Athletes ◽

Well Being ◽

University Student ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Life Orientation Test ◽

The Relationship

This study explored whether gender differences exist in social support, optimism/pessimism, and psychological well-being among university student athletes and examined the relationship among these three variables and the mediating effect of optimism/pessimism. A total of 322 university student athletes (159 men and 163 women) who were Division 1 athletes participated in this study. The research instruments used in this study comprised the revised Athletes’ Received Support Questionnaire, the Life Orientation Test, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. The results demonstrated the influence of gender differences for some variables. Regarding pessimistic tendency and autonomy (a dimension of the Psychological Well-Being Scale), the average scores of men were significantly higher than those of women. Regarding the other three dimensions of the Psychological Well-Being Scale (purpose in life, positive relationships with others, and personal growth), the average scores were higher for women than for men. Moreover, significant positive correlations were observed among social support provided by coaches, optimism, and psychological well-being. Optimism mediated the relationship between social support and psychological well-being, and pessimism was negatively correlated with psychological well-being; however, the mediating path was not significant. Finally, suggestions for future research and practical implications are proposed for researchers, educators, and supervisors in the field of sports.

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Gender differences in associations between digital media use and psychological well-being: Evidence from three large datasets

Journal of Adolescence ◽

10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 91-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jean M. Twenge ◽

Gabrielle N. Martin

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Digital Media ◽

Media Use ◽

Well Being ◽

Large Datasets ◽

Psychological Well Being

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Examining the Relationship between Gender and Psychological Well-Being

Journal of Sociological Research ◽

10.5296/jsr.v5i1.5436 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Mohsen Khanbani ◽

Asghar Aghaee ◽

Mohsen Gol Parvar

Keyword(s):

Personal Growth ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Men And Women ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Living Together ◽

Environmental Mastery ◽

Self Acceptance ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was" Examine the relationship between gender and psychological well-being" (Self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery and personal growth) among married men and women in Isfahan.The research sample included men and women who have been living together for 5 to 10 years.For this purpose, the sample consisted of 231 couples based on a multi-stage sampling selected and studied.The research method was descriptive, causal-comparative. Research tools was Psychological well-being questionnaire Reef (2009).The results showed that there was significant difference between men and women in positive relations with others, environmental mastery and personal growth (p≤0.01) . But there was no significant relationship in self-acceptance and Autonomy.

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