scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 supplementation for diabetes and its complications: an overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mantle
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Cellular Energy ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation

This article reviews the potential role of dietary supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes. The rationale for supplementation with CoQ10 is based on its key roles in cellular energy metabolism and as an antioxidant, and its potential mediation of oxidative stress and inflammation, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Randomised controlled clinical trials have demonstrated that supplementation with CoQ10 can significantly improve glycaemic control, as well as improving vascular dysfunction. Supplementation with CoQ10 may be of particular importance in type 2 diabetics prescribed statins and in those with fatty liver disease. Supplemental CoQ10 is usually well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported in long-term use. The importance of product quality and bioavailability cannot be over-emphasised, since this may be a factor in the disparity of findings from clinical trials supplementing CoQ10.

scholarly journals The Role of Simulation Modeling in Planning Long-Term Clinical Trials in Type 2 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. A587-A588
Author(s):  
V. Foos ◽  
D. Grant ◽  
J.L. Palmer ◽  
M. Lamotte ◽  
P. McEwan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Simulation Modeling

scholarly journals Coenzyme Q10 and Degenerative Disorders Affecting Longevity: An Overview

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mantle ◽  
Iain Hargreaves
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Degenerative Disorders ◽  
Coq10 Supplementation ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Longevity is determined by a number of factors, including genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. A major factor affecting longevity is the development of degenerative disorders such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease and liver disease, particularly where these occur as co-morbidities. In this article, we review the potential role of supplementation with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for the prevention or management of these disorders. Thus, randomised controlled clinical trials have shown supplementation with CoQ10 or CoQ10 plus selenium reduces mortality by approximately 50% in patients with cardiovascular disease, or in the normal elderly population, respectively. Similarly, CoQ10 supplementation improves glycaemic control and vascular dysfunction in type II diabetes, improves renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease, and reduces liver inflammation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The beneficial role of supplemental CoQ10 in the above disorders is considered to result from a combination of its roles in cellular energy generation, as an antioxidant and as an anti-inflammatory agent.

scholarly journals Role of Glucose-Lowering Medications in Erectile Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2501
Author(s):  
Angelo Cignarelli ◽  
Valentina Annamaria Genchi ◽  
Rossella D’Oria ◽  
Fiorella Giordano ◽  
Irene Caruso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractility ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Altered Metabolism

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a long-term complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D) widely known to affect the quality of life. Several aspects of altered metabolism in individuals with T2D may help to compromise the penile vasculature structure and functions, thus exacerbating the imbalance between smooth muscle contractility and relaxation. Among these, advanced glycation end-products and reactive oxygen species derived from a hyperglycaemic state are known to accelerate endothelial dysfunction by lowering nitric oxide bioavailability, the essential stimulus of relaxation. Although several studies have explained the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the generation of erectile failure, few studies to date have described the efficacy of glucose-lowering medications in the restoration of normal sexual activity. Herein, we will present current knowledge about the main starters of the pathophysiology of diabetic ED and explore the role of different anti-diabetes therapies in the potential remission of ED, highlighting specific pathways whose activation or inhibition could be fundamental for sexual care in a diabetes setting.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Long-Term Health Consequences

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temeka Zore ◽  
Nikhil Joshi ◽  
Daria Lizneva ◽  
Ricardo Azziz
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Psychosexual Dysfunction ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women and can be associated with significant adverse sequelae that can affect overall long-term health and well-being. This review provides a succinct but comprehensive overview of our current understanding concerning the known morbidities of PCOS, beginning with a review of the importance of the different phenotypes of PCOS in determining long-term morbidity, the confounding impact of obesity on health outcomes in PCOS, and the immediate short-term consequences of the disorder (including dermatologic, reproductive, and mood disturbances). The longer-term morbidities of PCOS are then reviewed including metabolic consequences (impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease), dyslipidemia and vascular dysfunction (including hypertension and increased incidences of cerebrovascular accidents and thromboembolisms on oral contraceptives), neoplastic (primarily endometrial adenocarcinoma), and mental health disorders (including greater incidences of depressive and anxiety disturbances and psychosexual dysfunction). In conclusion, strategies for the prevention and amelioration of long-term morbidities in PCOS are presented.

Keratoprostheses in silicone oil-filled eyes: long-term outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetha Iyer ◽  
Bhaskar Srinivasan ◽  
Shweta Agarwal ◽  
Ruchika Pattanaik ◽  
Ekta Rishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Visual Rehabilitation ◽  
Two Factors

PurposeTo analyse the functional and anatomical outcomes of different types of keratoprostheses in eyes with retained silicone oil following vitreoretinal surgery.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients operated with any type of permanent keratoprosthesis (Kpro) in silicone oil-filled eyes between March 2003 and June 2017 were analysed.Results40 silicone oil-filled eyes underwent keratoprostheses, of which 22 were type 1 and 18 were type 2 Kpros (Lucia variant—nine, modified osteo odonto kerato prosthesis (MOOKP)—four, Boston type 2—three and osteoKpro—two) with a mean follow-up of 61.54 , 42.77, 45.25 , 25 and 37 months, respectively. Anatomic retention of the primary Kpro was noted in 33 eyes (82.5%). A best-corrected visual acuity of better than 20/200 and 20/400 was achieved in 26 (65%)+32 (80%) eyes. Retroprosthetic membrane (RPM) was the most common complication noted in 17 eyes (42.5%). Perioptic graft melt was noted in 4 of 22 eyes of the type 1 Kpro (2 (10.5%) without associated ocular surface disorder (OSD)) and in 1 eye each of Boston and Lucia type 2 Kpro. Laminar resorption occurred in one eye each of the MOOKP and OKP groups. Endophthalmitis and glaucoma did not occur in any eye.ConclusionAppropriately chosen keratoprosthesis is a viable option for visual rehabilitation in eyes post vitreoretinal surgery with retained silicone oil-induced keratopathy not amenable to conventional penetrating keratoplasty. Kpro melt among type 1 Kpro did not occur in 89.5% eyes without associated OSD (19 of 22 eyes), despite the lack of aqueous humour and presence of RPM (4 eyes), two factors considered to play a significant role in the causation of sterile melts. Of interest to note was the absence of infection in any of these eyes. The possible protective role of oil from endophthalmitis is interesting, though yet to be ascertained.

Diabetic neuropathy: Epidemiological, pathogenetic, and clinical aspects with special emphasis on type 2 diabetes mellitus

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S89-S94
Author(s):  
E. Matikainen ◽  
J. Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
Insulin Dependent

ABSTRACT. Peripheral neuropathy is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus. Alterations of the peripheral nervous system in diabetics have been studied in numerous investigations. There are many factors known to participate in the development of this complication, e.g. the age of the patient, duration of the diabetes, quality of the diabetic control etc. The role of different types of diabetes in development of neuropathy is still largely unclear since investigations on this aspect are few. It seems, however, that peripheral neuropathy in type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes is common but often mild. The differential diagnosis of the peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetics is more difficult than in type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetics, since these patients tend to be older and also may have other concomitant disorders. In this paper the clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms of neuropathy in type 2 diabetes are briefly discussed.

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