Visuospatial learning in elementary school children with and without a family history of alcoholism.

Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) causes premature deaths every year worldwide. Low socioeconomic level is considered to be a risk factor facilitating the transmission of airway infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes. Subclinical RHD is a stage of RHD in which heart valve abnormalities have occurred according to the WHO or WHF classification but without any complaints to the subject. Echocardiography is used to screen subclinical RHD in several countries. Objective To estimate the prevalence, risk factors, and echocardiographic features of subclinical RHD in children. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 elementary school children in Palembang, South Sumatera. We interviewed subject's parents about family characteristics, environment, and history of recurrent sore throat. Subjects underwent anthropometric examination, auscultation, and echocardiography. Diagnosis of RHD was based on World Health Organization (WHO) and World Heart Federation (WHF) criteria. Results Of 250 subjects, 132 (53.8%) were girls. Subjects’ age range was 5-14 years. The prevalence of subclinical RHD was 8% (95%CI 4.8 to 11.6). Of the 20 subclinical RHD subjects, 15 (75%) met the possible RHD criteria, 5 (25%) met the probable RHD criteria, and none met the definite RHD criteria. Multivariate analysis showed that household crowding (OR 8.135; 95%CI 1.048 TO 63.143; P=0.045), history of recurrent sore throat within the previous 6 months (OR 6,476; 95%CI 1.79 to 23.427; P=0.004) and age > 10 years (OR 3.167, 95%CI 1.184 to 8.471; P=0.022) significantly increased the risk of subclinical RHD. Conclusion The prevalence of subclinical RHD in elementary school children in Palembang was 8%. For echocardiographic features, most cases met the WHO/WHF possible RHD criteria. Factors significantly associated with the incidence of subclinical RHD are age > 10 years, household crowding, and history of recurrent sore throat in the previous 6 months.

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The Relationship between History of Breastfeeding and Obesity on Elementary School Children

SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal ◽

10.32734/scripta.v1i2.1239 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

David Jhon Ricardo Pakpahan ◽

Ika Citra Dewi Tanjung ◽

Haflin Soraya Hutagalung

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Health Concern ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

History Of ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT Obesity is a public health concern that its prevalence and intensity on children have been increasing with alarming status. Breastfeeding has been considered as one of protective factors that can prevent childhood obesity. The aim of this study is to discover the relationship between history of breastfeeding and obesity on elementary school children. This is an analytical study with cross sectional design. All children in first and second grade of Namira Islamic Elementary School and their mothers were included as population. Ninety samples were recruited randomly. Data on breastfeeding history were collected by using questionnaire guided interview from the mothers. The BMI-for-age curve CDC 2000 was used to determine obesity status of the children (≥ 95th percentile). Data were analyzed using chi-square test. This study found percentage of children with and without history of breastfeeding consecutively is 92.2% and 7.8%. Prevalence of children with obesity is 12.2% and without obesity is 87.8%. Eight of 83 children with history of breastfeeding (72.7%) were obese, and 3 of 7 children without history of breastfeeding (27.3%) were obese (PR=0.2; 95% CI=0.27-0.752;p<0.05). Based on the study, there is a relationship between history of breastfeeding and obesity in elementary school children. Keywords: Breastfeeding, Elementary School Children, Obesity ABSTRAK Obesitas merupakan masalah kesehatan yang prevalensi dan intensitas kejadiannya pada anak terus meningkat serta telah mencapai status yang mengkhawatirkan. Pemberian ASI telah dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu faktor yang dapat mencegah terjadinya obesitas pada anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara riwayat pemberian ASI dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anak Sekolah Dasar Swasta Islam Namira yang berada di kelas satu dan dua dan Ibu nya. Jumlah sampel dalam peneltian ini adalah 90 orang yang dipilih secara acak. Data mengenai riwayat pemberian ASI didapatkan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner dari Ibu. Kriteria obesitas pada anak ditentukan dengan menggunakan kurva indeks massa tubuh menurut usia dari CDC 2000 (persentil ≥95). Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan uji kai kuadrat. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan 92.2% anak mendapat ASI dan 7.8% anak tidak mendapat ASI saat bayi. Anak yang mengalami obesitas adalah 12.2% sedangkan anak yang tidak mengalami obesitas adalah 87.8%. Anak yang mendapat ASI dan mengalami obesitas adalah 72.7% sedangkan anak yang tidak diberi ASI dan mengalami obesitas adalah 27.3%. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis didapatkan (RP=0.2; 95% CI=0.27-0.752: p<0.05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara riwayat pemberian ASI dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: Anak Sekolah Dasar, ASI, Obesitas

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A cross-sectional analysis of refractive error prevalence and associated factors among elementary school children in Hawassa, Ethiopia

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060521998894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 030006052199889

Author(s):

Kindie Desta Alem ◽

Elias Abera Gebru

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Family History ◽

School Children ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Grade Level ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Positive Family History ◽

School Type ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective This study assessed the prevalence of refractive error (RE) and its associated factors among elementary school children in Hawassa, Ethiopia. Methods In this school-based cross-sectional study, a random selection technique with proportional allocation was used to ensure a representative sample of students. Survey questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic, environmental, and family history data. Clinical examinations were performed to assess RE and ocular health. Associations between dependent and independent variables were computed using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Overall, 529 children participated in this study, with a response rate of 95.5% (529/554). Most participants were aged ≥12 years (337 [63.7%]), in grade levels 5 to 8 (307 [58%]), and attended public schools (366 [69.2%]). RE prevalence was 12.9% (95% CI: 10.0–16.1). Higher grade level (AOR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.68–5.97), positive family history of RE (AOR=3.69, 95% CI: 1.57–8.67), lack of paternal formal education (AOR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.20–8.77), and public school attendance (AOR=3.33, 95% CI: 1.52–7.27) were factors significantly associated with RE. Conclusions RE prevalence among elementary school children in Hawassa was higher than in previous reports. Grade level, family history, paternal education level, and school type significantly influenced RE status.

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Teacher Identification of Elementary School Children with Hearing Loss

Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools ◽

10.1044/0161-1461.0901.24 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 24-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard H. Nodar

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Total Sample ◽

Hearing Impaired ◽

Teacher Interviews ◽

Teacher Screening ◽

Children With Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Problems

The teachers of 2231 elementary school children were asked to identify those with known or suspected hearing problems. Following screening, the data were compared. Teachers identified 5% of the children as hearing-impaired, while screening identified only 3%. There was agreement between the two procedures on 1%. Subsequent to the teacher interviews, rescreening and tympanometry were conducted. These procedures indicated that teacher screening and tympanometry were in agreement on 2% of the total sample or 50% of the hearing-loss group. It was concluded that teachers could supplement audiometry, particularly when otoscopy and typanometry are not available.

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Use of Revision by Elementary-School Stutterers and Nonstutterers during Oral Reading

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1604.584 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 584-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Franklin H. Silverman ◽

Dean E. Williams

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

School Children ◽

Oral Reading ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Reading Errors

This paper describes a dimension of the stuttering problem of elementary-school children—less frequent revision of reading errors than their nonstuttering peers.

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