INSULIN RESPONSE TO GLUCOSE INFUSION IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS. GENETIC CONTROL OF INSULIN RESPONSE?

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Cerasi ◽  
Rolf Luft
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Low Insulin Response

ABSTRACT The insulin response during a standardized glucose infusion (GIT) was studied in a group of 13 monozygotic twin pairs previously registered as consisting of one diabetic/one non-diabetic member. At the time of the study three of the non-diabetic subjects had developed overt diabetes and three decreased glucose tolerance only. Of the non-diabetic members all but one (with diabetes due possibly to chronic pancreatitis in the sibling) showed an insulin response similar to that seen in diabetic subjects, and in healthy subjects previously assumed to be potential diabetics. The present study therefore supports our earlier suggestion that a low insulin response characterizes potential diabetes. There was a striking similarity between the insulin curves in the twin pairs, irrespective whether diabetes occurred in one, in both or in none of the members. It is suggested as a working hypothesis that the type of insulin response to glucose infusion is genetically determined, and that a low insulin response is a prerequisite for the development of diabetes mellitus.

FURTHER STUDIES ON HEALTHY SUBJECTS WITH LOW AND HIGH INSULIN RESPONSE TO GLUCOSE INFUSION

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Cerasi ◽  
Rolf Luft
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Insulin ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

ABSTRACT In a previous paper it was shown that 15 out of 85 healthy subjects with a normal intravenous glucose tolerance demonstrated a low plasma insulin response to glucose infusion which was similar to that obtained in diabetic subjects. In the present paper it has been shown that the type of insulin response to glucose infusion was the same when the test was repeated. Low insulin responders to glucose infusion, as a group, also showed low insulin response to intravenous tolbutamide and oral glucose. This indicates that the type of insulin response is characteristic for a given subject irrespective of the stimulation used. There seemed to be no difference in the occurrence of diabetes in the family history of the groups of low and high insulin responders.

THE PLASMA INSULIN RESPONSE TO GLUCOSE INFUSION IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS AND IN DIABETES MELLITUS

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erol Cerasi ◽  
Rolf Luft
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Analogue Computer ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

ABSTRACT Plasma insulin concentration was measured during a standardized glucose infusion test (GIT) in 85 healthy subjects with a normal glucose tolerance and in 28 patients with manifest diabetes mellitus or decreased glucose tolerance. Each test was evaluated with the aid of an analogue computer model, and parameters characterizing different parts of the insulin curve during GIT were obtained. Large variations existed in all parameter values both in the normal and diabetic groups, and the overlapping between the two groups was considerable. In 15 out of 85 healthy subjects the plasma insulin response during GIT was of the diabetic type as judged from the frequency distribution of the computer parameters (low values). The similarity was still more striking when the characteristics of the insulin curves in these 15 subjects were compared with those in patients with mild diabetes or with a decreased glucose tolerance only. It is postulated that this type of low insulin response reflects a derangement of the release of insulin into the circulation, and that it marks an alteration which probably is a prerequisite for the development of diabetes mellitus. In this sense, these subjects may be considered to be potential diabetics.

INSULIN RESPONSE TO GLUCOSE INFUSION DURING PREGNANCY. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF HIGH AND LOW INSULIN RESPONDERS WITH NORMAL CARBOHYDRATE TOLERANCE

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Edström ◽  
Erol Cerasi ◽  
Rolf Luft
Keyword(s):  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
K Value ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
High Insulin ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Low Insulin Response

ABSTRACT A decreased insulin response to glucose administration has been suggested to be a prerequisite for the development of diabetes mellitus. Factors that increase the demand for insulin in the organism may precipitate diabetes in subjects with a low insulin response to a glucose infusion test (GIT). Since it is well-known that pregnancy is a diabetogenic factor, its effect on the carbohydrate metabolism of subjects with a low insulin response was studied. During pregnancy, the insulin response of the low responders was enhanced as in the controls, but at all stages the insulin response was significantly less than in the controls. None of the subjects developed glucose intolerance during pregnancy. The fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin levels and the k-value in intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) were modified according to similar patterns in both groups. The sensitivity to endogenous insulin was significantly greater in the low insulin responders but was reduced to a greater extent than in the controls towards the end of pregnancy. In four of the 11 low insulin responders the initial insulin response to glucose in the last trimester was lower than in mid-pregnancy. This occurred only in one out of 14 high insulin responders. It is suggested that gestational diabetes occurs in those low insulin responders who demonstrate either a dramatic decrease in insulin sensitivity, or limitations in the enhancement of insulin release, or, more likely both conditions.

Significance of genetic factors for the plasma insulin response to glucose in healthy subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Lindsten ◽  
Erol Cerasi ◽  
Rolf Luft ◽  
Newton Morton ◽  
Nils Ryman
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin Response

scholarly journals Sucralose decreases insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonso Romo-Romo ◽  
Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas ◽  
Griselda X Brito-Córdova ◽  
Rita A Gómez-Díaz ◽  
Paloma Almeda-Valdes
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Insulin Response ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose

ABSTRACT Background Recently, the absence of metabolic effects from nonnutritive sweeteners has been questioned. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sucralose consumption on glucose metabolism variables. Design We performed a randomized controlled trial involving healthy subjects without comorbidities and with a low habitual consumption of nonnutritive sweeteners (n = 33/group). Methods The intervention consisted of sucralose consumption as 15% of Acceptable Daily Intake every day for 14 d using commercial sachets. The control group followed the same procedures without any intervention. The glucose metabolism variables (insulin sensitivity, acute insulin response to glucose, disposition index, and glucose effectiveness) were evaluated by using a 3-h modified intravenous-glucose-tolerance test before and after the intervention period. Results Individuals assigned to sucralose consumption showed a significant decrease in insulin sensitivity with a median (IQR) percentage change of −17.7% (−29.3% to −1.0%) in comparison to −2.8% (−30.7% to 40.6%) in the control group (P= 0.04). An increased acute insulin response to glucose from 577 mU · L-1· min (350–1040 mU · L-1· min) to 671 mU · L-1· min (376–1010 mU · L-1· min) (P = 0.04) was observed in the sucralose group for participants with adequate adherence. Conclusions Sucralose may have effects on glucose metabolism, and our study complements findings previously reported in other trials. Further studies are needed to confirm the decrease in insulin sensitivity and to explore the mechanisms for these metabolic alterations. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02589002.

GLUCOSE TOLERANCE IN NEWBORN INFANTS OF HEALTHY MOTHERS: ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE MOTHERS' INSULIN RESPONSE TO GLUCOSE INFUSION

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Edström ◽  
Erol Cerasi ◽  
Rolf Luft ◽  
Bengt Persson ◽  
Berlil Thalme
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
K Value ◽  
High Insulin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Insulin Response

ABSTRACT It has earlier been postulated that a low insulin response to a glucose infusion is characteristic for the prediabetic individual (Cerasi & Luft 1967c). There is also evidence that some infants of individuals with low insulin response might have a carbohydrate metabolism that is in some respects similar to that of newborn infants to diabetic mothers (Edström et al. 1974). In the present study 15 infants to low insulin responders (ILR) and 22 infants to high insulin responders (IHR) were subjected to an intravenous glucose load (IVGTT) at 2–24 h age. A significant difference in glucose tolerance was found between the groups, the mean k-value for the ILR being 1.39 ± 0.41 and that for the IHR 1.05 ± 0.09 (P < 0.05). No mothers were found to have a gestational diabetes (with the possible exception of one low insulin responders) but during late pregnancy the mean k-value at IVGTT in the low responders decreased from nonpregnant values (the mean difference being 0.41 ± 0.20, P < 0.025) while the high responders did not show a corresponding decrease (mean difference 0.12 ± 0.25, P > 0.05). No other differences between the groups of infants that could influence the k-value could be found apart from the mothers being low or high insulin responders. Our findings show that a low insulin response in the mothers might affect the glucose tolerance of the foetus even in the absence of continuous maternal hyperglycaemia in late pregnancy.

PLASMA GLUCOSE CLEARANCE AND INSULIN RESPONSE TO GLUCOSE INFUSION IN WETHERS FED A LOW MAGNESIUM AND/OR HIGH POTASSIUM DIET

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. TERASHIMA ◽  
Y. ITOH ◽  
H. ITOH
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Low Magnesium ◽  
Glucose Clearance ◽  
Insulin Response To Glucose ◽  
Insulin Responses

Plasma glucose clearance rates were lower (P < 0.10) in wethers fed the high potassium (0.32% Mg-4.90% K) diet compared with those of the control (0.32% Mg-0.75% K). Insulin responses to glucose infusion and feeding tended to be reduced in wethers fed the high potassium diet as compared to the control. Key words: Sheep, high potassium diet, glucose utilization, insulin

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document