HOMOLOGOUS RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF THYROTROPHIN IN RAT PLASMA

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Kieffer ◽  
Bruce D. Weintraub ◽  
Walter Baigelman ◽  
Susan Leeman ◽  
Farahe Maloof
Keyword(s):  
Zero Point ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
The One ◽  
Bovine Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT An homologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) using the highly purified rat thyrotrophin (TSH) and anti-rat TSH recently made available by NIAMDD is described in detail. Evidence that the assay measures TSH and only TSH includes the following: Treatment of rats with TSH-releasing hormone (TRH) caused a significant increase (averaging 12-fold) and treatment with T4, a significant decrease (averaging 4.5-fold), in plasma TSH. Points for TSH standards and those for dilutions of plasma from TRH-treated rats fell on the same line, and regression lines calculated separately for standards and dilutions of plasma did not depart significantly from parallelism. At 14 days after gonadectomy of male rats, a time when plasma LH and FSH levels are known to be high, the assay showed no increase in plasma TSH. Moreover, reduction of plasma TSH levels by T4 was as great in gonadectomized rats as in controls. Assay of rat LH, rat FSH and rat prolactin, in 7 concentrations each, showed that cross-reaction averaged less than 1 % in all cases. Other workers have calculated values greater than 1 % for TSH contamination of rat LH and FSH. The slopes of regression lines for the 3 hormones tested for cross-reaction did not differ significantly from the slope for TSH standards. This result strengthens the hypothesis that the apparent slight cross-reactions are due to TSH contamination. Findings for T4-treated rats and saline-treated controls show that the homologous RIA is more sensitive than previous, heterologous assays: In previous studies, plasma TSH levels of most or all of rats treated with T4 were not clearly greater than zero. By contrast, in the homologous RIA reported here, values for such rats did not overlap the range of the zero point on the one hand, nor the range for saline-treated controls on the other. Thus, distinct ranges were defined for both normal and low TSH levels. In view of the 1:20 final dilution of plasma during assay, it does not seem likely that non-specific effects of plasma were primarily responsible for the low TSH values of T4-treated rats. Additionally, the useful range of the homologous assay (about 200-fold) is greater than that of earlier assays (about 70-fold, or less). Finally, the use of highly purified rat TSH for standards has avoided inconsistencies previously encountered with bovine TSH standards.

Identification of tablets and capsules

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (14) ◽  
pp. 53-54
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Acute Overdose ◽  
Record Card ◽  
The One

Doctors may need to identify an unknown treatment for several reasons: After an acute overdose the drug must be rapidly identified without waiting for time-consuming analysis. In hospital this emergency is not rare.Liaison between the general practitioner and hospital is often imperfect and either party may be unclear about the treatment the patient is receiving from the other. This is much commoner than overdosage.Most general practitioners at some time participate in an arrangement that involves a deputy. One doctor may then see a colleague’s patient without immediate access to the record card. Uncertainty about treatment in such circumstances is experienced by every general practitioner and many consultants seeing patients referred to them.Many patients take more than one kind of preparation: if one is to be changed, or its dosage altered, the patient must be certain which is the one affected.

scholarly journals Application of the Electrical (Geophysical) Method for the Identification of the Sealed Bevel in the Coastal Region of Walidia Province of el Jadida – Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
H. Elfjiji ◽  
A. Boukdir ◽  
A. Zitouni
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Marine Invasion ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The Walidia area knows a great development of agricultural, industrial, maritime activities and a very great demographic expansion. This development is accompanied by a growing demand for water. On the other hand, any intense abstraction of fresh water at a coastal aquifer capture field causes a decrease in groundwater flow and a lowering of the piezometric surface. There is therefore a danger of advancing towards the land of the saltwater bevel and salinization of groundwater which is gradually loaded into mineral salts and can reach abnormally high levels. This work deals with the application of geophysics by electrical sounding method to the in-depth study of the freshwater-salt water interface (salted bevel) on the one hand and the study of the lateral and vertical evolution of the geometry of the different aquifers. The principle of the method is, when performing an electrical survey, to research how varies, at a given point on the surface, the resistivity of the subsoil vertically. For this one executes in a same place a succession of measurements, increasing each time the dimensions of the device and thus the depth of investigation which is proportional to them. At this site, we explore a slice of ground increasingly thick and thus highlights the changes in geological constitution along the vertical. The electrical soundings were carried out with the classic Schlumberger device. The interpretation and the exploitation of the data of the electric soundings carried out made it possible to : Follow the evolution of the salted bevel roof, Draw the upstream limit (marine invasion) of salted bevel Hauterivian, on the one hand, and Valanginian and Jurassic on the other hand, Follow the roof structure of Dridrat limestone (Hauterivien) and limestones of Valanginien and Upper Jurassic, Draw the map of the marl roof of Safi (Hauterivian) constituting the impermeable substratum of Dridrat limestones.

THYROTROPHIN CONCENTRATIONS IN THE PLASMA OF CATTLE, SHEEP AND FOETAL LAMBS AS MEASURED BY RADIOIMMUNOASSAY

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. HOPKINS ◽  
A. L. C. WALLACE ◽  
G. D. THORBURN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Bovine Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Foetal Lamb

SUMMARY A radioimmunoassay technique for measuring the thyrotrophin (TSH) concentration of sheep and cattle plasma is described. The sensitivity of the assay allowed the measurement of 1–50 ng TSH/ml unextracted plasma. Cross-reaction with ovine luteinizing hormone, prolactin and growth hormone was very low. The average recovery of added TSH was 103 ± 4·1 (s.e.m.)% and the between-assay coefficient of variation was 13·8%. The normal plasma TSH levels of sheep and cattle were approximately 2·5 ng/ml (5 mu. bovine TSH/100 ml). Foetal sheep had plasma TSH concentrations of approximately 3·2 ng/ml during the last 20 days of gestation. Levels of TSH in the circulation decreased abruptly after hypophysectomy of the foetal lamb and a decline in the plasma thyroxine (T4) concentrations was also apparent within 24 h of the operation. However, thyroidectomy of adult and foetal sheep did not increase plasma TSH concentrations until almost all the T4 had been cleared from the circulation. The injection of T4 into thyroidectomized sheep rapidly reduced plasma TSH concentrations to normal values. However, the continued injection of T4 did not further reduce TSH concentration. The injection of T4 or triiodothyronine into normal sheep was also without effect on plasma TSH concentrations.

Breeding

1939 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-55
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
White Leghorns ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Strains

The connection between the Colour of the Eyes, the Mortality, and the Production of White Leghorns. Het Verband tusschen de oogkleur van Witte Leghorns en de Herfte en de productie. Dr. J. B. van der Meulen. Landbouwkundig Tijdschrift, Vol. 50, 1938, p. 868.An investigation, in which 406 White Leghorns of two different strains were used, on the connection between the colour of the eyes of normal healthy pullets at the beginning of the laying period on the one hand and the production and mortality during the pullet year on the other hand, led to the following conclusions:—1.The mortality amongst hens with abnormal colour of the eyes, (brown-grey and/or blue) is considerably higher than that amongst birds with normal orange coloured eyes, and the production of the former is on the average lower than that of the latter.2.Birds with one normal and one abnormal coloured eyes, correspond to birds with normal coloured eyes as far as mortality is concerned, but their average production resembles more than that of birds with two abnormal eyes.3.Not only an abnormal eye colour but also an abnormal shape of the pupil seems to point to higher mortality and the highest mortality is probable amongst birds which have both an abnormal colour, as well as an abnormal shape of the pupil.

COMPARISON BETWEEN ANTIBODIES TO BOVINE AND HUMAN THYROTROPHIN (TSH) FOR RADIOIMMUNOASSAY IN PLASMA: CROSS REACTION STUDIES WITH CLINICAL RESULTS

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Lemarchand-Béraud
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Results ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Immunological Reactivity ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Bovine Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Good Agreement

ABSTRACT The use of bovine and human TSH antisera for the measurement of human plasma TSH by radioimmunoassay has been investigated. The cross reaction between BTSH antiserum and plasma or pituitary HTSH as well as the species specificity of HTSH antiserum has been previously established. The effects of EDTA, of incubation time, of antiserum and precipitation serum dilutions on the formation of the hormone-antiserum complex were examined in both assays as well as the possible immunological reactivity of BTSH and HTSH antisera with ACTH, HGH, FSH, LH, HCG and HCS. It was observed that EDTA had no effect on the bovine TSH assay but allowed a faster binding of HTSH - HTSH antiserum, resulting in a short incubation period (2 days). A more diluted precipitating serum than usual was found to increase the precipitation of the antibody complexes in both assays. No cross-reaction occurred between the BTSH antiserum and human ACTH, HGH, HCS, FSH, LH and HCG. On the contrary, a significant displacement of the HTSH-131I-HTSH antiserum complex was observed with HGH, FSH, LH and HCG (even in low concentrations) but did not occur with ACTH or HCS. When higher levels of these hormones were added, a slightly greater displacement occurred but not in the same proportions. The values obtained in thyroid diseases by both radioimmunoassays are also reported and compared, but as the reference standards are not the same for both assays, absolute values could not be compared. Nevertheless the variations (increase or decrease) in plasma TSH levels in the different pathological conditions are in good agreement with both assays. Discrepancies were observed only in thyrotoxicosis and in some other cases presenting a slight increase in TSH with the human assay but not with the bovine assay. The bovine assay in the presence of other pituitary hormones has the advantage of exhibiting no cross reactions.

Physical Types and Their Relations to Psychotic Types

1940 ◽  
Vol 86 (363) ◽  
pp. 602-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
The One

The object of this paper is to test the following two hypotheses: 1.That the physique of female adults can be regarded as the resultant of two independent modes of variation, one determining differences in size or bulk, and the other determining differences in proportion or type.2.That a relation exists between schizophrenia and manic-depres sion, on the one hand, and differences in physical proportion or type, on the other.

scholarly journals XXIV. Description of a new barometer, recently fixed up in the apartments of the Royal Society; with remarks on the mode hitherto pursued at various periods, and an account of that which is now adopted, for correcting the observed height of the mercury in the Society's barometers

1837 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Zero Point ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Effect ◽  
Royal Astronomical Society ◽  
Standard Scale ◽  
Usual Manner ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control ◽  
Usual Scale

The Barometer here alluded to may in some measure be considered as two separate and independent barometers, inasmuch as it is formed of two distinct tubes dipping into one and the same cistern of mercury. One of these tubes is made of flint glass, and the other of crown glass, with a view to ascertain whether, at the end of any given period, the one may have had any greater chemical effect on the mercury than the other, and thus affected the results. A brass rod, to which the scale is attached, passes through the framework, between the two tubes, and is thus common to both: one end of which is furnished with a fine agate point, which, by means of a rack and pinion moving the whole rod, may be brought just to touch the surface of the mercury in the cistern, the slightest contact with which is immediately discernible; and the other end of which bears the scale of inches, on which I have set oft with great accuracy, from the standard scale of the Royal Astronomical Society, the distance of 30 inches from the above-mentioned agate point. Above and below this mark of 30 inches, the usual scale of inches, tenths, &c. is engraved; and there is a separate vernier for each tube. A piece of thin brass projects from the zero point of each vernier, across its contiguous tube, which, when the height of the mercury is read off, is brought down so that the lower edge of it forms a tangent to the column of mercury, in the usual manner. A small thermometer, the bulb of which dips into the mercury in the cistern, is inserted at the bottom: and an eye-piece is also there fixed, so that the agate point can be viewed with more distinctness and accuracy. The whole instrument is made to turn round in azimuth, in order to verify the perpendicularity of the tubes and the scale. It is evident that there are many advantages attending this mode of construction, which are not to be found in the barometers as usually formed for general use in this country. The absolute heights are more correctly and more satisfactorily determined; and the permanency of true action is more effectually noticed and secured. For, every part is under the inspection and control of the observer; and any derangement or imperfection in either of the tubes is immediately detected on comparison with the other. And, considering the care that has been taken in filling the tubes, it may justly be considered as a Standard Barometer . The specific gravity of the mercury was determined by Dr. Prout to be 13·581; the thermometer being at 62°, and the barometer at 30 inches.

2. Description of the Hydrodynameter, a new instrument for shewing the rate of Sailing of Ships and Velocity of Currents, Rivers, Tides, &c

1845 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 206-207
Author(s):  
R. Adie
Keyword(s):  
Glass Tube ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
The One

The author here first refers to the differential barometer of the late Dr Wollaston, from which he derives his new instrument. He then describes the instrument, which, in its simplest form, consists of a glass-tube bent into the form of the letter U inverted, the one end open in the line of the arms downwards, the other has its point turned up at right angles to this line. A divided scale is placed between the tubes, having its zero point as the centre. When the instrument is used, the upper curve and arms are to be filled with oil, or any other fluid lighter than water, as far as the zero on the scale; the remaining parts of the tubes are to be filled with water.

Smale solenoid attractors and affine Hirsch foliations

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN YU
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Orbit Space ◽  
Conjugacy Classes ◽  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Orbit Spaces ◽  
Stable And Unstable Manifolds ◽  
Unstable Manifolds ◽  
The One ◽  
Structurally Stable

The main purpose of this paper is to study north–south Smale solenoid diffeomorphisms on$3$-manifolds by using affine Hirsch foliations. A north–south Smale solenoid diffeomorphism$f$on a closed$3$-manifold$M$is a diffeomorphism whose non-wandering set is composed of a Smale solenoid attractor$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}_{a}$and a Smale solenoid repeller$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}_{r}$. The key observation is that a north–south Smale solenoid diffeomorphism$f$automatically induces two non-isotopically leaf-conjugate affine Hirsch foliations${\mathcal{H}}^{s}$and${\mathcal{H}}^{u}$on the orbit space of the wandering set of$f$(abbreviated to thewandering orbit spaceof$f$) by the stable and unstable manifolds of$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}_{a}$and$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}_{r}$, respectively. Under this viewpoint, we build some close relationships between north–south Smale solenoid diffeomorphisms and Hirsch manifolds (the closed$3$-manifolds admitting two non-isotopically leaf-conjugate affine Hirsch foliations).∙On the one hand, the union of the wandering orbit spaces is nearly in one-to-one correspondence with the union of Hirsch manifolds.∙On the other hand, surprisingly, the topology of the wandering orbit space (Hirsch manifold) is nearly a complete invariant of north–south Smale solenoid diffeomorphisms up to semi-global conjugacy.Moreover, as applications, we consider several more concrete questions. For instance, we prove that every diffeomorphism in many semi-global conjugacy classes of north–south Smale solenoid diffeomorphisms are not structurally stable.

Marking Time With The Passé Composé

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda R. Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Zero Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Meaning ◽  
The One ◽  
Marking Time ◽  
Passe Compose

In this paper, it is claimed that PC is a unitary, but complex category. It is shown that in analyzing PC, four temporal elements must be used: the deictic zero point, the time of the auxiliary, the time of the participle, and the time of focus. Given these, there are two different formulations for PC, one based on its affinity with the simple tense-aspects (PC-1), the other based on its relation to the compound tense-aspects (PC-2). The relevance of both of these is shown through the history of PC and the existence of the passé surcomposé. Evidence is also brought from iconicity (compositionality). All of this demonstrates that PC-1 and PC-2 are two endpoints of a continuum with many transitional uses in between. Various examples of these transitional types are given. Thus, it is concluded that PC evidences a dynamic counterbalance between polysemy on the one hand and general meaning on the other hand.

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