THE PRIMARY EMPTY SELLA AN ENDOCRINE STUDY ON 12 CASES

ABSTRACT Twelve patients (10 women and 2 men) with a primary empty sella turcica were studied. Endocrine function tests were performed as follows: growth hormone (GH) was measured after insulin-induced-hypoglycaemia, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) after LH-releasing hormone, thyrotrophin (TSH) and prolactin after thyrotrophin-releasing hormone; pituitary reserve of adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) was determined by measurement of plasma cortisol after lysinevasopressin and 11 deoxycortisol after metyrapone. Five of the patients (group A) had no endocrine disturbance. Seven patients (group B) had a hypothalamo-pituitary disorder. Two of them had panhypopituitarism which appeared in one case after meningoencephalitis and in the other after a severe cranial trauma. In two cases an amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome with increased prolactin level (68 and 230 ng/ml) led to a diagnosis of a prolactin producing adenoma, which was confirmed by surgery. Finally three cases of amenorrhoeagalactorrhoea, with normal prolactin level, and/or diabetes insipidus remained unexplained. However, no causal relationship could be demonstrated between the pituitary disturbance and the "empty sella". Primary empty sella turcica is therefore a neuroanatomical and neuroradiological entity with no endocrine implication. A pituitary disorder might suggest a microadenoma or an incidentally associated disease.

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THERAPEUTICAL DOSES OF SALBUTAMOL INHIBIT THE SOMATOTROPIC RESPONSIVENESS TO GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.2.262b ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 262-263

Author(s):

Hemalini Mehta ◽

Robert F. Lemanske

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽

Assay Sensitivity ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Group A ◽

Study Population ◽

Group B

Purpose of the Study. To determine the effects of therapeutic β2 agonists (specifically salbutamol) on growth hormone (GH) response to growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) in children with asthma. Study Population. Fifteen prepubertal children with asthma, ages 6-11 (average age of 9) with normal or normal short stature were studied. Those with an endocrine abnormality, nutritional deficiency, psychological deprivation, or other systemic disease were excluded. Only those children with known bronchial asthma, who showed a 15% decrease of the 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) with methacholine challenge were included. All patients were asymptomatic, and had not experienced an asthma exacerbation, respiratory infection or allergen exposure in the month preceding the study. No child was on medications. Methods. Subjects were divided into two groups. Both groups had baseline GH response to GHRH determined. After an overnight fast, GH levels were obtained the following morning at -60, 0, and then every 15 minutes until 120 minutes after GHRH administration. Two days following this, Group A received salbutamol (0.125 mg/kg) orally at -60 minutes and GH response to GHRH was remeasured. Group B received aerosolized salbutamol (2 mg over 15 minutes) (details of administration were not specified by the authors). All serum GH levels were measured in duplicate by immunoradiometric assay (sensitivity of 0.1 µg/L). Findings. Basal GH levels were similar in both groups. Orally administered salbutamol (Group A) markedly inhibited GH response to GHRH (peak of 3.7 ± 0.6 vs. 18.6 ± 4.7 g/L). Inhaled salbutamol (Group B), although blunting the GHRH-induced GH response, did so to a lesser extent (peak of 20.0 ± 7.5 vs. 35.8 ± 9.4 g/L, P < .02).

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Symptomatic hypopituitarism revealing a primary empty sella turcica.

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/pgmj.57.666.235 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 57 (666) ◽

pp. 235-237

Author(s):

B. Velkeniers ◽

D. Desir ◽

D. Manicourt ◽

F. Chanoine ◽

M. Dupont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sella Turcica ◽

Empty Sella ◽

Primary Empty Sella

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Abiraterone versus bicalutamide in combination with gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist therapy for high risk metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-269640/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Takashi Ueda ◽

Takumi Shiraishi ◽

Saya Ueda ◽

Motoharu Ohashi ◽

Toru Matsugasumi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Free Survival ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Group A ◽

Psa Progression ◽

Hormone Sensitive ◽

Group B

Abstract ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of abiraterone with that of bicalutamide in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist treatment for high risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer patients.MethodsOne hundred and forty-nine patients with high risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer at our hospital and affiliated hospitals between December 2013 and July 2020 were retrospectively identified. Fifty patients were administered abiraterone (1000mg/day) plus prednisolone (5mg/day) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (degarelix) (group A) and 99 patients were administered bicalutamide (80mg/day) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (group B). ResultsPSA- progression-free survival of group A was significantly longer than that of group B. Abiraterone therapy and Gleason score were significant independent factors for PSA-progression-free survival. By propensity score matching, total 56 matched patients were obtained. PSA-PFS (p<0.001) and OS (p=0.0071) of high risk mHNPC patients were significantly longer in abiraterone group of matched patients. Abiraterone therapy and Gleason score were still shown to be significant independent factors for PSA-PFS in matched patients.ConclusionsPSA-progression-free survival and overall survival in patients who were treated with abiraterone in combination with gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist were significantly better than those of bicalutamide.

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408 HOLSTEIN DONORS RESPONSE USING OR NOT USING ESTRADIOL 17-β IN THE SUPEROVULATORY TREATMENT

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv22n1ab408 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 361

Author(s):

S. Fuentes ◽

D. Ruiz ◽

P. Vera ◽

A. Castro ◽

I. Moreno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Protocol ◽

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

The European Union ◽

Treatment Protocols ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Rectal Palpation

Because of new regulations banning the use of estradiol in the European Union and other countries, the present study was designed to determine the efficacy of an alternative to the use of estradiol 17-β in superovulation of Holstein cows and heifers. A total of 61 lactating cows and 49 heifers (15-18 months old) were divided into 2 groups: Group A (32 cows and 22 heifers) and Group B (29 cows and 27 heifers). Animals in Group A received a CIDR device (Pfizer, Madrid, Spain) for 13 days. At the same time of CIDR insertion and 5 days later, all animals received 2 mL (0.15 mg) of d-cloprostenol (PGF; Veteglan®, Calier, Spain). Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (0.5 mg of gonadorelin; Fertagyl®, Schering-Plough, Carbajosa de la Sagrada, Spain) was administered twice, 36 h after the second PGF and 24 h after CIDR removal. Superovulation treatments were initiated 36 h after the first GnRH, with a total dose of 15 mL (750 IU) of FSH (Pluset®, Calier, Spain) for cows and 11.5 mL (575 IU) for heifers, given in 10 twice-daily injections that decreased in dose. Luteolysis was induced with 0.15 mg of PGF given twice, 12 h before and also at the time of CIDR removal. Animals in Group B received a CIDR device for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after CIDR insertion, all animals received 100 mg of progesterone (Smithkline, Tres Cantos, Spain) and 5 mg of estradiol 17-β (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). Beginning on Day 5, animals were superovulated with similar doses of FSH to those used in Group A. Luteolysis was induced with 0.15 mg of PGF given twice, 12 h before CIDR removal and also at the time of removal. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (0.5 mg) was administered at the time of AI. Animals from both groups were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen at 12 and 24 h after the onset of standing estrus. Embryos were recovered nonsurgically 7 days later. A total of 299 frozen-thawed embryos (Freeze Control® CL5500, Bioniche, Belleville, Ontario, Canada) from both groups were transferred in synchronized Holstein heifers. Pregnancy was confirmed by rectal palpation on Day 40 to 45 of gestation. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and results are shown in the table. No significant differences were found between cows and heifers, nor was there a difference between groups. These results showed that the previous superovulatory treatment using progesterone and estradiol can be successfully replaced with the treatment protocol described herein. Table 1.Mean number of recovered ova/embryos, transferable embryos, and pregnancy rates after embryo transfer (ET) in Holstein cows and heifers superovulated with 2 treatment protocols

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Ornithine decarboxylase activity and polyamines in the anterior pituitary gland during the rat oestrous cycle

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1070083 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 83-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

L. Persson ◽

M. Nilsson ◽

E. Rosengren

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Gland ◽

Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽

Anterior Pituitary ◽

Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽

Oestrous Cycle ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Oestrogen Treatment ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Lh Releasing Hormone

ABSTRACT The biosynthesis of polyamines, an ubiquitous group of amines shown to be essential for normal cellular growth and differentiation, was studied in the rat anterior pituitary gland during the different stages of the oestrous cycle. The activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which catalyses the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of polyamines, was low during oestrus, metoestrus and dioestrus. However, a marked transitory rise in ODC activity was found in the pituitary gland on the evening of pro-oestrus. The rise in ODC activity was accompanied by an increase in the pituitary content of the polyamines putrescine and spermidine. Ovariectomy did not significantly change the basal ODC activity in the pituitary gland. Oestrogen treatment of ovariectomized rats resulted in a marked stimulation of pituitary polyamine biosynthesis. The largest effects were observed when oestrogen was given as two injections 72 h apart, which gave rise to levels of ODC activity comparable to those observed on the evening of pro-oestrus. The increase in polyamine synthesis in the anterior pituitary gland during pro-oestrus appeared not to be related to the preovulatory secretion of LH or prolactin, since neither LH-releasing hormone nor thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (which induces a secretion of prolactin) affected pituitary ODC activity. The observed biosynthesis of polyamines may be associated with the cellular proliferation which occurs in the anterior pituitary gland at oestrus. J. Endocr. (1985) 107, 83–87

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ROLE OF GONADOTROPHIN RELEASING HORMONES IN THE REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF FEMALE RING DOVES (STREPTOPELIA RISORIA)

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0740037 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 37-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

MEI-FANG CHENG

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Behaviour ◽

Courtship Behaviour ◽

High Dose ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Streptopelia Risoria ◽

Female Behaviour ◽

Lh Rh ◽

Lh Releasing Hormone ◽

Ring Doves

This work was carried out to determine whether gonadotrophin releasing hormone(s) (GnRH) plays a role in the courtship behaviour of female ring doves. In particular, it tests the hypothesis that a high dose of oestrogen suppresses the synergistic action of GnRH with oestrogen which is required to elicit courtship behaviour. The hypothesis was formulated to provide an explanation for a finding in a previous study that ovariectomized ring doves treated with a high dose of oestrogen, paradoxically, failed to show courtship behaviour. In the present study, treatment with synthetic LH releasing hormone (RH) enabled such birds to show typical female behaviour, thus supporting the hypothesis. This LH-RH effect was not apparently mediated by LH or progesterone since treatment with LH or progesterone failed to induce courtship behaviour. In addition, LH-RH can synergise with sub-threshold doses of oestrogen to induce both nest-soliciting and squatting behaviour. This portion of the LH-RH effect complements similar results reported for the rat. Finally, the results of thyrotrophin releasing hormone point to the specificity of LH-RH and the results of an anti-ovulation LH-RH analogue agree with the LH-RH effect.

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Prolactin release in man: influence of cimetidine, thyrotrophin-releasing hormone and acute hypercalcaemia

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1020481 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 102 (4) ◽

pp. 481-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sven Röjdmark

Keyword(s):

Prolactin Level ◽

Anterior Pituitary ◽

Serum Prolactin ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Serum Prolactin Level ◽

Prolactin Release ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Acute Changes

Abstract. The responsiveness of anterior pituitary lactotrophs and thyrotrophs to cimetidine (Cim) was investigated in healthy volunteers. Four-hundred mg Cim, injected iv, raised the serum prolactin level (Prl) from 14 ± 2 to 58 ± 9 ng/ml (P < 0.001), but left the serum thyrotrophin level (TSH) unaffected. Acute hypercalcaemia, induced by iv infusion of calcium, blunted this Cim-elicited Prl response by 35 ± 4% (P < 0.01). Iv injection of 25 μg thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) had similar Prl-releasing potency as 400 mg Cim, and raised the Prl level from 14 ± 1 to 51 ± 6 ng/ml (P < 0.001). In contrast to Cim, TRH also increased the TSH level significantly. Although oral pre-treatment with Cim for 3 days (1000 mg/day) failed to affect the Prl response to TRH in this study, iv injection of the drug more than doubled the above mentioned Prl response to TRH. The TSH response to TRH remained unaffected both by oral and by iv administration of Cim. These results imply that acute changes in serum calcium affect the release pattern of Prl, and that iv administration of Cim may add Prl-releasing power to TRH in healthy individuals.

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Effects of prednisone on thyroid and gonadal endocrine function in dogs

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.0960293 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 293-NP ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

R. J. Kemppainen ◽

F. N. Thompson ◽

M. D. Lorenz ◽

J. F. Munnell ◽

P. K. Chakraborty

Keyword(s):

Hormone Secretion ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Thyroid Tissue ◽

Endocrine Function ◽

Follicular Cell ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Prednisone Treatment ◽

Basal Plasma

To assess the effect of a glucocorticoid on thyroid and gonadal endocrine function, prednisone was administered on alternate days to dogs. The prednisone injections resulted in adrenocortical suppression, as shown by the response to ACTH. Basal plasma thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine concentrations were considerably reduced in prednisone-treated dogs. However, the thyroid response to injection of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone was not altered, indirectly demonstrating that pituitary release of TSH was not inhibited by prednisone. Similarly, the response of the thyroid to exogenous TSH was not reduced by prednisone treatment. Electron microscopic examination of thyroid tissue revealed accumulation of colloid droplets in the follicular cell cytoplasm of dogs treated with prednisone. It is postulated that prednisone may interfere with basal thyroid hormone secretion by inhibiting lysosomal hydrolysis of colloid in the thyroid follicular cell. Basal plasma concentrations of LH and testosterone, measured in the male dogs, were reduced by prednisone treatment. Responses of prednisone-treated dogs to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone were not significantly reduced. Prednisone administration did not alter testicular responsiveness to injection of human chorionic gonadotrophin. After orchidectomy, plasma LH values were significantly reduced in prednisone-treated dogs. Taken together, these results suggest that LH secretion in dogs is inhibited at the hypothalamic and/or pituitary level by prednisone administration, which consequently results in reduced testosterone concentrations.

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