A change in the adrenocortical response in perinatal rat offspring given betamethasone 17,21-dipropionate

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hasegawa ◽  
T. Yoshida ◽  
Y. Fukiishi ◽  
Y. Mizushima
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Corticosterone Level ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Adrenocortical Response ◽  
Adrenal Corticosterone ◽  
Synthetic Glucocorticoid

Abstract. The potent synthetic glucocorticoid betamethasone 17,21-dipropionate (BMDP) produces adrenal hypertrophy in the rat foetus at late pregnancy by mediation of the hypothalamo-pituitary system, but causes adrenal atrophy, and acts as a normal glucocorticoid, in the adult rat. The change of the adrenal cortical response to the BMDP treatment was investigated in perinatal rat offspring. The pituitary ACTH potency was also determined in rat foetus treated with BMDP. The time course of the adrenal corticosterone level after the BMDP treatment was similar to that of the plasma level on day 19 to 21 in the rat foetus from the adrenalectomized mother, both decreased at 2 h, but rose gradually at 4 h to 6 h, exceeding the control level at 24 h and 48 h after the BMDP treatment. The pituitary ACTH potency in the foetus decreased at 24 h and 48 h after the BMDP treatment, suggesting that ACTH released from the foetal pituitary stimulated adrenal corticoidogenesis. Maternal adrenalectomy did not essentially alter this stimulating activity of BMDP, which appeared in the perinatal rat offspring, only when BMDP was administered during the foetal period. These findings suggest that the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenocortical response to the treatment with BMDP drastically changes at the early neonatal age.

Malnutrition during late pregnancy exacerbates high-fat-diet-induced metabolic dysfunction associated with lower sympathetic nerve tonus in adult rat offspring

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan de Oliveira Venci ◽  
Gabriel Bortoli Ramos ◽  
Isabela Peixoto Martins ◽  
Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso ◽  
Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring

Arabidopsis 4-COUMAROYL-COA LIGASE 8 contributes to the biosynthesis of the benzenoid ring of coenzyme Q in peroxisomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (22) ◽  
pp. 3521-3532
Author(s):  
Eric Soubeyrand ◽  
Megan Kelly ◽  
Shea A. Keene ◽  
Ann C. Bernert ◽  
Scott Latimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Fluorescent Reporters ◽  
Coa Ligase ◽  
Peroxisomal Targeting

Plants have evolved the ability to derive the benzenoid moiety of the respiratory cofactor and antioxidant, ubiquinone (coenzyme Q), either from the β-oxidative metabolism of p-coumarate or from the peroxidative cleavage of kaempferol. Here, isotopic feeding assays, gene co-expression analysis and reverse genetics identified Arabidopsis 4-COUMARATE-COA LIGASE 8 (4-CL8; At5g38120) as a contributor to the β-oxidation of p-coumarate for ubiquinone biosynthesis. The enzyme is part of the same clade (V) of acyl-activating enzymes than At4g19010, a p-coumarate CoA ligase known to play a central role in the conversion of p-coumarate into 4-hydroxybenzoate. A 4-cl8 T-DNA knockout displayed a 20% decrease in ubiquinone content compared with wild-type plants, while 4-CL8 overexpression boosted ubiquinone content up to 150% of the control level. Similarly, the isotopic enrichment of ubiquinone's ring was decreased by 28% in the 4-cl8 knockout as compared with wild-type controls when Phe-[Ring-13C6] was fed to the plants. This metabolic blockage could be bypassed via the exogenous supply of 4-hydroxybenzoate, the product of p-coumarate β-oxidation. Arabidopsis 4-CL8 displays a canonical peroxisomal targeting sequence type 1, and confocal microscopy experiments using fused fluorescent reporters demonstrated that this enzyme is imported into peroxisomes. Time course feeding assays using Phe-[Ring-13C6] in a series of Arabidopsis single and double knockouts blocked in the β-oxidative metabolism of p-coumarate (4-cl8; at4g19010; at4g19010 × 4-cl8), flavonol biosynthesis (flavanone-3-hydroxylase), or both (at4g19010 × flavanone-3-hydroxylase) indicated that continuous high light treatments (500 µE m−2 s−1; 24 h) markedly stimulated the de novo biosynthesis of ubiquinone independently of kaempferol catabolism.

Breastfeeding undernutrition changes iBAT-involved thermogenesis protein expression and leads to a lean phenotype in adult rat offspring

2021 ◽  
pp. 108857
Author(s):  
Ginislene Dias Souza Miranda ◽  
Thalyne Aparecida Leite de Lima ◽  
Hercules de Oliveira Costermani ◽  
Camila Luiza Rodrigues dos Santos Ricken ◽  
Jocemara Patrícia Silva de Souza Parrela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring

The effects of prenatal “psychological” stressor exposure on lung inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in adult rat offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1076-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Beatriz Barreto do Carmo ◽  
Renato Fraga Righetti ◽  
Iolanda de Fátima Lopes Calvo Tibério ◽  
Maria Helena Leite Hunziker
Keyword(s):  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Psychological Stressor

scholarly journals Purinergic stimulation of rat cardiomyocytes induces tyrosine phosphorylation and membrane association of phospholipase Cγ: a major mechanism for InsP3 generation

1996 ◽  
Vol 318 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel PUCEAT ◽  
Guy VASSORT
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Extracellular Atp ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Purinergic Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) expression and activation by a purinergic agonist were investigated in adult rat cardiomyocytes. PLCγ is expressed in isolated cardiomyocytes. Stimulation of cells with extracellular ATP induces a rapid increase in membrane-associated PLCγ immunoreactivity most probably due to redistribution of the lipase from the cytosol to the membrane. The purine triggers a significant phosphorylation on tyrosine residues of a cytosolic pool of PLCγ with a time course that correlates with that of translocation. Extracellular ATP also increases intracellular Ins(1,4,5)P3 content. All these events (translocation and phosphorylation of PLCγ, InsP3 formation) are blocked by genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The purinergic effect on both PLCγ translocation and phosphorylation are Ca-sensitive. We thus propose that the purinergic stimulation activates a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates PLCγ in the presence of an increased Ca level and induces PLCγ redistribution to the membrane. There, PLCγ becomes activated leading to the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol diphosphate and in turn Ins(1,4,5)P3 formation. This cascade of events may play a significant role in the induction of arrhythmogenesis by purinergic agonists.

Maternal high fat diet programs hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in adult rat offspring

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoTing Niu ◽  
XiaoYun Wu ◽  
AnNa Ying ◽  
Bei Shao ◽  
XiaoFeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring

scholarly journals FOLATE METABOLISM IMPAIRMENT IN SMOKING PREGNANT WOMEN

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Tatyana Valeryevna Semenova ◽  
Yuliya Pavlovna Milyutina ◽  
Aleksandr Vartanovich Arutyunyan ◽  
Olga Nikolayevna Arzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Folate Metabolism ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Delivery Outcome ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
High Smoking Rate

Tobacco smoking is one of the pressing issues of public health. Russia ranks among the countries with a very high smoking rate. Smoking frequency among pregnant women in St. Petersburg is about 26.4%, among which 18.9% of the women smoke every day, and the rest 7.5% of them on the occasion. Complications from pregnancy (threatening miscarriage, premature delivery, anaemia) and from labour and delivery (labour abnormalities) in the smoking women occurs at almost twice the rate in those non-smoking, threatening miscarriage and anaemia notably having a more severe clinical picture and being more reluctant to the therapy. Smoking is one of the risk factors of hyperhomocysteinemia, which is in turn a marker of the folate metabolism impairment in the organism. It has been shown that homocysteine plasma level increases in the smoking pregnant women. Besides, a significant decrease in folate plasma level has been found in the same women. It is a folate deficiency that most of all raises homocysteine level in blood plasma. It has been proved that elevated homocysteine level has a direct toxic effect on the endothelium. Microthrombosis and microcirculation loss result in a series of obstetric complications. In late pregnancy, hyperhomocysteinemia causes chronic fetoplacental insufficiency and chronic intrauterine hypoxia. Therefore, many complications from pregnancy, such as gestosis and fetoplacental insufficiency, are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, which is most probably caused by the smoking derived folate metabolism impairment. Supplementary folate and vitamin B complex therapy may possibly improve the pregnancy and delivery outcome in the pregnant women with high homocysteine plasma level. This, however, requires supportive clinical trials. Smoking cessation at birth spacing and prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia must be an essential condition for favourable prognosis for pregnancy.

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