Influence of season and social environment on basal and thyrotropin releasing hormone-induced prolactin secretion in the adult domestic boar

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Trudeau ◽  
D. F. M. van de Wiel ◽  
J. Erkens ◽  
L. M. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Serial Blood Sampling ◽  
Response Peak ◽  
Solid Walls

Abstract. Basal and TRH-induced PRL secretions were investigated for adult Landrace boars housed in two social environments. Socially nonrestricted boars (N = 4) were individually penned adjacent to ovariectomized gilts that were hormonally induced into estrus every 3 weeks, while socially restricted boars (N =4) were individually kept in pens with solid walls. In February, May and August all boars were fitted with jugular catheters for serial blood sampling which took place 2 h prior to and 4 h following in iv injection of TRH (1 μg/kg). Mean pre-injection serum PRL concentration was not influenced by either month or social environment. The PRL response to TRH injection, however, was influenced by both factors. The magnitude of the PRL response (peak Δ value) increased (month, P < 0.01) progressively in both groups of boars from February through August and was greater (P < 0.05) in the nonrestricted versus the restricted boars in August. The total amount of PRL secreted was also maximal and greater in the socially nonrestricted boars in August (month × social group, P < 0.05). These results indicate that TRH-induced and not basal PRL secretion is influenced by both season and social interaction of boars.

scholarly journals The effect of spatial configuration on social interaction: a syntactic evaluation of a faculty building

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Suheyla Buyuksahin Siramkaya ◽  
Dicle Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Human Needs

The properties of physical environment affect the psychological processes of the individuals and groups using that environment and their socialization with their environment. Every physical environment includes the existence of a social environment and every social environment includes the existence of a physical environment; because socialization is one of the basic human needs. The fulfillment of this basic requirement is possible when the spaces are designed in a way to have properties giving opportunities to social interaction. Among education spaces faculty buildings are social environments giving opportunity to young people to socialize, share interests, have relation with each other, develop the relationship within groups and belonging feelings. Social behaviors, social interactions and gathering areas of students in faculty buildings are important issues from the point of architectural programming and architectural design performance. This study is depended on the evaluation of social environments in faculty buildings considering the students’ social interactions upon the selected faculty building. In the scope of this evaluation long term observations directed at the determination of students social interactions and gathering areas will be done, the plan of the building will be analyzed through Syntax 2D and as a result the effect of the spatial configuration on social interaction will be evaluated. Keywords: Space syntax, environment-human behaviour, spatial configuration, social interaction, faculty buildings.    

Role of extracellular calcium and calmodulin in prolactin secretion induced by hyposmolarity, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and high K+ in GH4C1 cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangbing Wang ◽  
Noriyuki Sato ◽  
Monte A. Greer ◽  
Susan E. Greer ◽  
Staci McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Toxicity ◽  
High K ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxant

Abstract. The mechanism by which 30% medium hyposmolarity induces PRL secretion by GH4C1 cells was compared with that induced by 100 nmol/l TRH or 30 mmol/l K+. Removing medium Ca2+, blocking Ca2+ channels with 50 μmol/l verapamil, or inhibiting calmodulin activation with 20 μmol/l trifluoperazine, 10 μmol/l chlorpromazine or 10 μmol/l pimozide almost completely blocked hyposmolarity-induced secretion. The smooth muscle relaxant, W-7, which is believed relatively specific in inhibiting the Ca2+-calmodulin interaction, depressed hyposmolarity-induced PRL secretion in a dose-dependent manner (r = −0.991, p<0.01 ). The above drugs also blocked or decreased high K+-induced secretion, but had much less effect on TRH-induced secretion. Secretion induced by TRH, hyposmolarity, or high K+ was optimal at pH 7.3-7.65 and was significantly depressed at pH 6.0 or 8.0, indicating that release of hormone induced by all 3 stimuli is due to an active cell process requiring a physiologic extracellular pH and is not produced by nonspecific cell toxicity. The data suggest hyposmolarity and high K+ may share some similarities in their mechanism of stimulating secretion, which is different from that of TRH.

scholarly journals The Physiological Role of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Regulation of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Prolactin Secretion in the Rat

1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur R. C. Harris ◽  
Dana Christianson ◽  
M. Susan Smith ◽  
Shih-Lieh Fang ◽  
Lewis E. Braverman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Role ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Simple Cannulation Procedure for Serial Blood Sampling Through Cutaneous Ulnar Vein in Chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darmel M. Bayer ◽  
K. Mohan ◽  
K. Jayakumar ◽  
Milad Manafi ◽  
B. H. Pavithra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Serial Blood Sampling

Two Social Environments in a Working Day: Occupation and Spatial Segregation in Metropolitan Tel Aviv

10.1068/a3452 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1765-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orna Blumen ◽  
Iris Zamir
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Blue Collar Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
Working Day ◽  
And Gender

The concepts of segregation and social distance have long been used to explain the social environment of stratified residential space. However, the social significance of occupation, though acknowledged, has rarely been applied spatially. In this study, we employed these three concepts to examine the social environment of the entire metropolitan employment space as defined by job location. Smallest space analysis was used to identify and compare the sociospatial segregation produced by workers' occupational distribution in employment and residential spheres. This empirical study focused on metropolitan Tel Aviv, Israel's largest urban area, using the latest available national census. Our findings show that the social milieu of employment differed from that of residence: blue-collar workers were segregated from white-collar workers; managers, clerks, and salespersons formed the core group; and gender and ethnic divisions characterised the sociospatial realm of employment. Overall, most employees changed their social environment when they went to work. The study indicates that spatial segregation, within each sphere and between the two spheres, is intrinsic to the capitalist – patriarchal order.

An Exploratory Study of Patterns of Social Interaction, Organization, and Facility Design in Three Nursing Homes

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Hiatt Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Building Codes ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Extended Care

Three Medicare-certified nursing homes are studied to determine factors of the organization, physical and social environment, and of the individuals that promote or deter social interaction. Social interaction is examined according to three phases: the tendency to congregate, the ability to impersonally interact with others, and the capacity to converse. Since conversation has been linked by others to rehabilitation, its promotion is stressed. Suggestions are made for creating a more functional social setting for the elderly, researching the behavioral basis for nursing home design, and for developing more meaningful building codes. This exploratory study serves as an example of how systematic environmental analysis may provide the direction necessary for implementing an extended care facility's goals.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SEASON AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE REPRODUCTIVE-ENDOCRINE STATUS OF THE ADULT LANDRACE BOAR

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. TRUDEAU ◽  
L. M. SANFORD
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Testosterone Secretion ◽  
Endocrine Status ◽  
Reproductive Endocrine ◽  
Basal Concentration

Seasonal variations in LH, FSH, and testosterone secretion were investigated for adult Landrace boars housed in different social environments for 1 yr. Socially nonrestricted boars (n = 4) were penned adjacent to ovariectomized gilts that were hormonally brought into estrus every 2 wk, while socially restricted boars (n = 4) were kept in pens with solid walls. Mean hormone concentrations were determined from the assay of single AM and PM blood samples collected from the jugular vein by venipuncture once a month. In November, February, May and August, blood samples were collected serially over 12 h from jugular catheters for assessment of pulsatile LH and testosterone secretion, and the LH response to a GnRH injection (1 μg kg−1 body weight). Mean LH and testosterone concentrations were relatively high in all boars during the late summer and fall, and often were greater for the socially nonrestricted versus the restricted boars (group × month), P < 0.05) in the winter (December and January). Mean FSH concentration also varied with month (P < 0.05). Pulse analysis indicated that higher mean testosterone concentrations in November and August were the result of increases (month, P < 0.05) in testosterone-pulse frequency and basal concentration. Maximal mean LH concentration in August was associated with maximal (month, P < 0.05) LH-pulse amplitude and basal concentration. The amplitude of the LH peak following GnRH injection increased (P < 0.05) between November and May, and remained high in August. Key words: Gonadotropins, testosterone, blood, season, social environment, boar

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document