Osteocytes and cortical bone quality in human bone diseases

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn Busse
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Human Bone

scholarly journals Effect of Age on Bone Structure Parameters in Laying Hens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Masayoshi Yamada ◽  
Chongxiao Chen ◽  
Toshie Sugiyama ◽  
Woo Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Medullary Bone ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tibial Diaphysis

Changes in medullary and cortical bone structure with age remain unclear. Twenty Hy-Line W36 hens, 25 or 52 weeks of age, were euthanized, and both tibiae were collected when an egg was present in the magnum. Serial cross sections of the tibiae were stained with Alcian blue. The bones were scanned using micro-computed tomography. Trabecular width (Tb.Wi) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in 25-week-old hens, whereas medullary bone tissue volume (TV) was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in 52-week-old hens. 25-week-old hens had significantly higher (p < 0.01) bone volume fraction (BVF = calcified tissue / TV). Moreover, the cortical bone parameters were significantly higher (TV and bone mineral content (BMC) at p < 0.05, and bone volume (BV) and BVF at p < 0.01) in younger hens. Open porosity and total porosity, which indicate less density, were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in older hens. Older hens showed significantly higher (p < 0.01) tibial diaphysis TV than younger hens. Younger hens had significantly higher (p < 0.01) BV, BVF and bone mineral density (BMD) of the tibial diaphysis. These findings reveal that reductions in medullary bone quality might be associated with age-related low estrogen levels and stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption by parathyroid hormone. Cortical bone quality decreased with enlargement of the Haversian canals and loss of volume, with a longer egg-laying period leading to osteoporosis.

New Diagnostic and Monitoring Method for Osteoporosis

2017 ◽  
pp. 1851-1884
Author(s):  
Sofia Panteliou
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Modal Damping ◽  
Invasive Method

Osteoporosis is chronic disease affecting most postmenopausal females and 30% of males with biological, behavioral and financial consequences. A non invasive method to assess bone structural integrity is presented, based on in-vitro or in-vivo measurement of bone dynamic characteristics (Modal Damping Factor) by applying vibration excitation in the range of acoustic frequencies, in the form of an acoustic sweep signal. This method has been applied on metallic structures and composites, including bones, and is supported by analytical and arithmetic tool based on model's theory. Experimental MDF results are compared to results acquired with conventional methods for bone quality assessment and show impressive correlations between damping factor and indices of bone quality in an advantageous manner. Evaluation of these research findings strengthens the potential of the proposed method to consist a valuable assessment tool for diagnosis and monitoring of bone integrity, in metabolic bone diseases, especially osteoporosis.

Longitudinal assessment of human bone quality using scanning confocal quantitative ultrasound

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 3638-3638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi‐Xian Qin ◽  
Yi Xia ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
Jiqi Cheng ◽  
Jesse Muir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality ◽  
Quantitative Ultrasound ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment

scholarly journals Preclinical Studies of the Biosafety and Efficacy of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Pre-Seeded into β-TCP Scaffolds after Transplantation

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Gonzálvez-García ◽  
Carlos Martinez ◽  
Victor Villanueva ◽  
Ana García-Hernández ◽  
Miguel Blanquer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Response

Background: Cell-Based Therapies (CBT) constitute a valid procedure for increasing the quantity and quality of bone in areas with an inadequate bone volume. However, safety and efficacy should be investigated prior to clinical application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biodistribution, safety and osteogenic capacity of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) pre-seeded into β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and implanted into NOD/SCID mice at subcutaneous and intramuscular sites. Methods: hBMMSCs were isolated, characterized and then cultured in vitro on a porous β-TCP scaffold. Cell viability and attachment were analyzed and then hBMMSCs seeded constructs were surgically placed at subcutaneous and intramuscular dorsal sites into NOD/SCID mice. Acute and subchronic toxicity, cell biodistribution and efficacy were investigated. Results: There were no deaths or adverse events in treated mice during the 48-hour observation period, and no toxic response was observed in mice. In the 12-week subchronic toxicity study, no mortalities, abnormal behavioral symptoms or clinical signs were observed in the saline control mice or the hBMMSCs/β-TCP groups. Finally, our results showed the bone-forming capacity of hBMMSCs/β-TCP since immunohistochemical expression of human osteocalcin was detected from week 7. Conclusions: These results show that transplantation of hBMMSCs/β-TCP in NOD/SCID mice are safe and effective, and might be applied to human bone diseases in future clinical trials.

scholarly journals Influence of Cortical Bone Quality on Stress Distribution in Bone around Dental Implant

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi KITAGAWA ◽  
Yasuhiro TANIMOTO ◽  
Kimiya NEMOTO ◽  
Masahiro AIDA
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Bone Quality

scholarly journals Cx43 Overexpression in Osteocytes Prevents Osteocyte Apoptosis and Preserves Cortical Bone Quality in Aging Mice

JBMR Plus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah M Davis ◽  
Mohammad W Aref ◽  
Alexandra Aguilar-Perez ◽  
Rafael Pacheco-Costa ◽  
Kimberly Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Osteocyte Apoptosis

A multi-level comparative analysis of human femoral cortical bone quality in healthy cadavers and surgical safe margin of osteosarcoma patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelei Zhang ◽  
Zhurong Tang ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Xuening Chen ◽  
Xiangdong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Multi Level

Inelastic Strain Accumulation in Cortical Bone During Rapid Transient Tensile Loading

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 616-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Fondrk ◽  
E. H. Bahniuk ◽  
D. T. Davy
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Transverse Strain ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Nonlinear Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Nonlinear Stress

An experimental study examined the tensile stress-strain behavior of cortical bone during rapid load cycles to high strain amplitudes. Machined bovine and human cortical bone samples were subjected to loading cycles at a nominal load/unload rate of ±420 MPa/s. Loads were reversed at pre-selected strain levels such that load cycles were typically completed in 0.5-0.7 seconds. Axial strain behavior demonstrated considerable nonlinearity in the first load cycle, while transverse strain behavior was essentially linear. For the human bone 29.1 percent (S.D. = 4.7 percent), and for the bovine bone 35.1 percent (S.D. = 10.8 percent) of the maximum nonlinear strain accumulated after load reversal, where nonlinear strain was defined as the difference between total strain and strain corresponding to linear elastic behavior. Average residual axial strain on unloading was 35.4 percent (S.D. = 1.2 percent) for human bone and 35.1 percent (S.D. = 2.9 percent) of maximum nonlinear strain. Corresponding significant volumetric strains and residual volumetric strains were found. The results support the conclusions that the nonlinear stress-strain behavior observed during creep loading also occurs during transient loading at physiological rates. The volume increases suggest that damage accumulation, i.e., new internal surfaces and voids, plays a major role in this behavior. The residual volume increases and associated disruptions in the internal structure of bone provide a potential stimulus for a biological repair response.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document