scholarly journals Pubertal course of persistently short children born small for gestational age (SGA) compared with idiopathic short children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA)

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Lazar ◽  
U Pollak ◽  
O Kalter-Leibovici ◽  
A Pertzelan ◽  
M Phillip
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Bone Maturation ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Short Children ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age

OBJECTIVE: Few data are available on the pubertal development of children born small for gestational age (SGA) who fail to show catch-up growth. DESIGN: A longitudinal analysis compared the pubertal course of persistently short children born SGA compared to children with idiopathic short stature who were appropriate for gestational age (AGA). One hundred and twenty-eight short children (height SDS<-1.7), including 76 (31 boys) born SGA and 52 (22 boys) born AGA, were regularly followed from early childhood to completion of puberty. RESULTS: Puberty was attained at normal age (10.5-14 Years in boys, 9.5-13 Years in girls) for most children in both the SGA and AGA groups (boys, 80% and 77%; girls, 76% and 78% respectively). The duration of puberty was similar in the SGA and AGA groups. Menarche occurred at normal age range but was significantly earlier in the SGA girls (P<0.01 by ANOVA). Despite the similar total pubertal growth, the patterns of growth differed significantly: SGA group - accelerated growth and bone maturation rates from onset of puberty with peak height velocity at Tanner stages 2-3, followed by a decelerated growth rate and earlier fusion of the epiphyses; AGA group - steady progression of bone elongation and maturation throughout puberty (pubertal growth, P<0.05 in both sexes; bone maturation, P<0.001 in both sexes). Final height in the SGA group was compromised compared with their target height (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Children born SGA have a normal pubertal course with a distinct pubertal growth pattern. This pattern may represent an altered regulation of their growth modalities.

IMPACT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES ON PUBERTAL TIMING IN UKRAINIAN GIRLS: RESULTS A MULTICENTER STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2392-2399
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Orusia A. Kovalyshyn ◽  
Roman S. Scoreiko ◽  
Victor M. Zinchenko ◽  
Serhiy M. Baksheev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity

The aim: To determine current age at the initiation of puberty for Ukrainian school-aged girls and infections impact to puberty. Materias and methods: We performed a multicentre cohort study. The analyses are based on data that were collected and evaluated biannually on Ukrainian school girls aged 6-17 years from 5 regions of Ukraine. Pubertal development was classified according to the Marshall and Tanner criteria. Results: Overall, 2,784 girls have been included in the study. Mean age of onset of puberty in Ukrainian girls was 10.1±1.0 yrs. Age of onset of pubic hair was 11.0±1.0 yrs and that of axillary hair was 11.6±1.0 yrs. Mean age in girls of menarche was 12.2±0.9 yrs. There were no significant correlations between age at onset of puberty and body mass index, final height, total peak height velocity, duration of puberty, and peak height velocity. A total of 2,420 infectious diseases were diagnosted. Of these, 64.8% were viral and 35.2% bacterial infections, respectively. Ukrainian girls with infectious diseases (especially viral infections) had older age at pubertal onset and positive association of infections in childhood with late age of menarche. Conclusions: Infectious morbidity (especially viral infections) in girls may be associated with later puberty. The lowering of the number of infections in childhood could be an additional factor that contributes to earlier puberty. To reduce infectious diseases, more attention should be paid to the vaccination of children.

Growth and Normal Puberty

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 102 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Abbassi
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Velocity Peak ◽  
The Mean

We reviewed the growth characteristics of American boys and girls from published studies, including age at takeoff, age at peak height velocity, peak height velocity, duration of puberty, and the magnitude of the pubertal contribution to adult height. Age at takeoff is highly variable and sex-dependent. The mean takeoff age in children growing at an average rate is ∼11 years in boys and 9 years in girls, and peak height velocity occurs at a mean age of 13.5 years and 11.5 years, respectively, in these children. Whole-year peak height velocity is 9.5 cm/y in boys and 8.3 cm/y in girls, with slight variations in the different studies. The contribution of pubertal growth to final height is ∼30 to 31 cm in boys, accounting for 17% to 18% of the final height, and 27.5 to 29 cm in girls, accounting for 17% of the final height. The magnitude of pubertal growth has a negative correlation with age at takeoff, but no correlation with final height. Age at takeoff, however, correlates highly with pubertal stage, but correlates negatively with duration of puberty.

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical, Ultrasonographic, and Biochemical Differences at the Beginning of Puberty in Healthy Girls Born Either Small for Gestational Age or Appropriate for Gestational Age: Preliminary Results

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3377-3381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Hernández ◽  
A. Martínez ◽  
T. Capurro ◽  
V. Peña ◽  
L. Trejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age

Abstract Context: There are limited and controversial data concerning puberty characteristics in girls born small for gestational age (SGA). Objective: The objective of the study was to document clinical, ultrasonographic, and biochemical characteristics at the beginning of puberty in matched healthy girls born either SGA or appropriate for gestational age (AGA) recruited from the community. Patients: Inclusion criteria were breast Tanner stage II and a body mass index between the 10th and 95th percentiles. Interventions: Recruited subjects underwent a complete physical exam, bone age, and ultrasound measurements of the internal genitalia. Hormonal assessment included fasting early morning dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, SHBG, inhibin-B, FSH, LH, estradiol (E2), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OH Prog), and testosterone. Thereafter, a GnRH agonist test (leuprolide 500 μg, sc) was performed with FSH and LH at time 3 and 24 h for E2, 17OH Prog, and testosterone. Results: Sixty-five girls (35 AGA, 30 SGA) with a mean age of 9.9 ± 1.03 (7.8–12.5) yr, similar bone age/chronological age (1.02 ± 0.8 in AGA and 1 ± 0.76 in SGA), median height of 1.35 ± 0.06 cm, and similar waist to hip ratio were included. No differences in the presence of pubic hair, axillary hair, apocrine odor, or ultrasound measurements were found. SGA girls had increased baseline E2 as well as stimulated E2 and 17OH Prog. Conclusions: In a preliminary sample of lean, healthy girls recruited from the community born either SGA or AGA, we observed slight hormonal differences at the beginning of puberty. Longitudinal follow-up of this cohort will allow us to understand whether these differences are maintained and have a clinical impact in their pubertal development.

scholarly journals What is the evidence for beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment beyond height in short children born small for gestational age? A review of published literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
David Dunger ◽  
Feyza Darendeliler ◽  
Nurgun Kandemir ◽  
Mark Harris ◽  
Ali Rabbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Gh Therapy ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Short Children

AbstractBackgroundAn increasing body of evidence supports the view that both an adverse intrauterine milieu and rapid postnatal weight gain in children born small for gestational age (SGA) contribute towards the risk for the development of chronic diseases in adult life.ContentThe aim of this review was to identify and summarize the published evidence on metabolic and cardiovascular risk, as well as risk of impaired cardiac function, intellectual capacity, quality of life, pubertal development and bone strength among children born SGA. The review will then address whether growth hormone (GH) therapy, commonly prescribed to reduce the height deficit in children born SGA who do not catch up in height, increases or decreases these risks over time.SummaryOverall, there are limited data in support of a modest beneficial effect of GH therapy on the adverse metabolic and cardiovascular risk observed in short children born SGA. Evidence to support a positive effect of GH on bone strength and psychosocial outcomes is less convincing.OutlookFurther evaluation into the clinical relevance of any potential long-term benefits of GH therapy on metabolic and cardiovascular endpoints is warranted.

scholarly journals Estimation of Pubertal Growth Spurt Parameters in Children and Adolescents Living at Moderate Altitude in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Cossio-Bolaños ◽  
Ruben Vidal-Espinoza ◽  
Juan Minango-Negrete ◽  
Pedro R. Olivares ◽  
Luis Urzua-Alul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Pubertal Growth

ObjectiveKnowledge of the biological parameters of pubertal growth spurt allows verification of secular changes and exploration of the timing of puberty. The aim of the study was to estimate final height, age at peak height velocity (APHV), and peak height velocity PHV (cm/y) in children and adolescents living at moderate altitude in Colombia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was designed in 2.295 schoolchildren from Bogotá (Colombia) with an age range from 5.0 to 18.9 years. Height (cm) was assessed. Preece–Baines model 1 (1PB) was used to make inferences about mathematical and biological parameters.ResultsThe five mathematical parameters estimated in general have reflected quality in the fit to the model, reflecting a small residual error. Final height was reached in boys at 170.8 ± 0.4 cm and in girls at 157.9 ± 0.2 cm. APHV was estimated at 12.71 ± 0.1 years in boys and 10.4 ± 0.2 years in girls. Girls reached APHV 2.2 years earlier than boys. In relation to PHV (cm/y), boys reached higher growth speed in height (7.4 ± 0.4 cm/y), and in girls it was (7.0 ± 0.2 cm/y).ConclusionIt was determined that final height was reached at 170.8 ± 0.4 cm in boys and 157.9 ± 0.2 cm in girls, and APHV (years) and PHV (cm/ye) were reached relatively early and with average peak velocity similar to Asian and Western populations. A large-scale longitudinal study is needed to confirm these findings.

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