Gut microbiota pattern in relation to diet, physical activity and malnutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: cases-control study

Background: Infusion reactions (IRs) are the most common adverse events (AEs) of infliximab (IFX) treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Prophylactic premedication (PM) with corticosteroids or antihistamines prior to IFX infusions has been used in clinical practice, but its efficacy is not known. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of steroid PM on IR incidence in pediatric patients with IBD receiving IFX. Methods: We performed a case–control study that included pediatric patients with IBD receiving IFX. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to the agent and PM they received: Remicade (original drug) + PM, and two biosimilars—Reshma +/− PM, and Flixabi—PM. At our site, until 2018, PM with steroids was used as a part of standard IFX infusion (PM+); however, since then, this method has no longer been administered (PM−). IRs were divided into mild/severe reactions. Differences between subgroups were assessed with the appropriate chi-square test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess associations between PM and IR incidence, correcting for co-medication usage. Results: There were 105 children (55 PM+, 44 male, mean age 15 years) included in the study who received 1276 infusions. There was no difference between the PM+ and PM− subgroups, either in incidence of IR (18.2% vs. 16.0% of patients, p > 0.05) or in percentage of infusions followed by IR (2.02% vs. 1.02% of infusions, p > 0.5). The OR of developing IR when using PM was 0.34, and the difference in IRs ratio in PM+ and PM− patients was not statistically significant (95% CI, 0.034–1.9). There were 11/18 (61.1%) severe IRs (anaphylactic shock) reported in all patients (both PM+ and PM−). Conclusion: At our site, the incidence of IR was low, and PM did not decrease the incidence of IR in pediatric patients with IBD receiving IFX. These results indicate that PM with steroids should not be a standard part of IFX infusion to prevent IR.

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Resveratrol and its derivates improve inflammatory bowel disease by targeting gut microbiota and inflammatory signaling pathways

Food Science and Human Wellness ◽

10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.003 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 22-31

Author(s):

Ming Li ◽

Ping Li ◽

Rongxue Tang ◽

Hui Lu

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Inflammatory Signaling ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Vaginal microbiota in pregnant women with inflammatory rheumatic and inflammatory bowel disease: A matched case‐control study

Mycoses ◽

10.1111/myc.13288 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Klara Rosta ◽

Antonia Mazzucato‐Puchner ◽

Herbert Kiss ◽

Veronika Malik ◽

Peter Mandl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Vaginal Microbiota ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Matched Case ◽

Matched Case Control Study ◽

Control Study

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Gut microbiota differs between children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and healthy siblings in taxonomic and functional composition: a metagenomic analysis

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.00293.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 312 (4) ◽

pp. G327-G339 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Rebecca L. Knoll ◽

Kristoffer Forslund ◽

Jens Roat Kultima ◽

Claudius U. Meyer ◽

Ulrike Kullmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Metagenomic Sequencing ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

Microbial Dysbiosis ◽

Healthy Siblings ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Sibling Study

Current treatment for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients is often ineffective, with serious side effects. Manipulating the gut microbiota via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging treatment approach but remains controversial. We aimed to assess the composition of the fecal microbiome through a comparison of pediatric IBD patients to their healthy siblings, evaluating risks and prospects for FMT in this setting. A case-control (sibling) study was conducted analyzing fecal samples of six children with Crohn’s disease (CD), six children with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 12 healthy siblings by metagenomic sequencing. In addition, lifetime antibiotic intake was retrospectively determined. Species richness and diversity were significantly reduced in UC patients compared with control [Mann-Whitney U-test false discovery rate (MWU FDR) = 0.011]. In UC, bacteria positively influencing gut homeostasis, e.g., Eubacterium rectale and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, were significantly reduced in abundance (MWU FDR = 0.05). Known pathobionts like Escherichia coli were enriched in UC patients (MWU FDR = 0.084). Moreover, E. coli abundance correlated positively with that of several virulence genes (SCC > 0.65, FDR < 0.1). A shift toward antibiotic-resistant taxa in both IBD groups distinguished them from controls [MWU Benjamini-Hochberg-Yekutieli procedure (BY) FDR = 0.062 in UC, MWU BY FDR = 0.019 in CD). The collected results confirm a microbial dysbiosis in pediatric UC, and to a lesser extent in CD patients, replicating associations found previously using different methods. Taken together, these observations suggest microbiotal remodeling therapy from family donors, at least for children with UC, as a viable option. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this sibling study, prior reports of microbial dysbiosis in IBD patients from 16S rRNA sequencing was verified using deep shotgun sequencing and augmented with insights into the abundance of bacterial virulence genes and bacterial antibiotic resistance determinants, seen against the background of data on the specific antibiotic intake of each of the study participants. The observed dysbiosis, which distinguishes patients from siblings, highlights such siblings as potential donors for microbiotal remodeling therapy in IBD.

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