scholarly journals Circulating tumor cells and miRNAs as prognostic markers in neuroendocrine neoplasms

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. R223-R237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara Zatelli ◽  
Erika Maria Grossrubatscher ◽  
Elia Guadagno ◽  
Concetta Sciammarella ◽  
Antongiulio Faggiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

The prognosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) is widely variable and has been shown to associate with several tissue- and blood-based biomarkers in different settings. The identification of prognostic factors predicting NEN outcome is of paramount importance to select the best clinical management for these patients. Prognostic markers have been intensively investigated, also taking advantage of the most modern techniques, in the perspective of personalized medicine and appropriate resource utilization. This review summarizes the available data on the possible role of circulating tumor cells and microRNAs as prognostic markers in NENs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Role of Circulating Tumor Cells and Microsatellite Instability Status in Predicting Outcome of Advanced CRC Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Ippokratis Messaritakis ◽  
Maria Sfakianaki ◽  
Konstantinos Vogiatzoglou ◽  
Asimina Koulouridi ◽  
Chara Koutoulaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
High Status ◽  
Predicting Outcome

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death due to its high metastatic potential. This study aimed to investigate the detection and heterogeneity of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in advanced CRC patients prior to any systemic front-line treatment. Peripheral whole blood was obtained from 198 patients. CTCs were detected using double immunofluorescence and a real time-polymerase chain reaction assay; whereas MSI status was evaluated using fragment analysis. Median age of the patients was 66 years, 63.1% were males, 65.2% had a colon/sigmoid tumor location and 90.4% had a good performance status (PS). MSI-High status was detected in 4.9% of the patients; 33.3%, 56.1% and 8.6% patients had at least one detectable CEACAM5+/EpCAM+, CEACAM5+/EpCAM− and CEACAM5−/EpCAM+ CTC, respectively, and 9.1% of the patients had CEACAM5mRNA-positive CTCs. Following multivariate analysis, age, PS and MSI were confirmed as independent prognostic factors for decreased time to progression, whereas age, PS and CTC presence were confirmed as independent prognostic factors for decreased overall survival. In conclusion, our data support the use of CEACAM5 as a dynamic adverse prognostic CTC biomarker in patients with metastatic CRC and MSI-High is considered an unfavorable prognostic factor in metastatic CRC patient tumors.

scholarly journals The role of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells and IDO+ immune and tumor cells in malignant melanoma – an immunohistochemical study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satu Salmi ◽  
Anton Lin ◽  
Benjamin Hirschovits-Gerz ◽  
Mari Valkonen ◽  
Niina Aaltonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Melanoma Progression

Abstract Background FoxP3+ Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) participate in the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in malignant cutaneous melanoma (CM). Recent studies have reported that IDO expression correlates with poor prognosis and greater Breslow’s depth, but results concerning the role of FoxP3+ Tregs in CM have been controversial. Furthermore, the correlation between IDO and Tregs has not been substantially studied in CM, although IDO is known to be an important regulator of Tregs activity. Methods We investigated the associations of FoxP3+ Tregs, IDO+ tumor cells and IDO+ stromal immune cells with tumor stage, prognostic factors and survival in CM. FoxP3 and IDO were immunohistochemically stained from 29 benign and 29 dysplastic nevi, 18 in situ -melanomas, 48 superficial and 62 deep melanomas and 67 lymph node metastases (LNMs) of CM. The number of FoxP3+ Tregs and IDO+ stromal immune cells, and the coverage and intensity of IDO+ tumor cells were analysed. Results The number of FoxP3+ Tregs and IDO+ stromal immune cells were significantly higher in malignant melanomas compared with benign lesions. The increased expression of IDO in melanoma cells was associated with poor prognostic factors, such as recurrence, nodular growth pattern and increased mitotic count. Furthermore, the expression of IDO in melanoma cells was associated with reduced recurrence˗free survival. We further showed that there was a positive correlation between IDO+ tumor cells and FoxP3+ Tregs. Conclusions These results indicate that IDO is strongly involved in melanoma progression. FoxP3+ Tregs also seems to contribute to the immunosuppressive TME in CM, but their significance in melanoma progression remains unclear. The positive association of FoxP3+ Tregs with IDO+ melanoma cells, but not with IDO+ stromal immune cells, indicates a complex interaction between IDO and Tregs in CM, which demands further studies.

The prognostic role of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 859-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Normanno ◽  
Antonella De Luca ◽  
Marianna Gallo ◽  
Nicoletta Chicchinelli ◽  
Antonio Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Prognostic Role

scholarly journals Prognostic role of circulating tumor cells in patients with EGFR -mutated or ALK -rearranged non-small cell lung cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Tong ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Minjiang Chen ◽  
Wei Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Egfr Mutated

scholarly journals (Radio)Theranostic Patient Management in Oncology Exemplified by Neuroendocrine Neoplasms, Prostate Cancer, and Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Irina Velikyan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Medicine Development ◽  
Oncological Patients

The role of nuclear medicine in the management of oncological patients has expanded during last two decades. The number of radiopharmaceuticals contributing to the realization of theranostics/radiotheranostics in the context of personalized medicine is increasing. This review is focused on the examples of targeted (radio)pharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), prostate cancer, and breast cancer. These examples strongly demonstrate the tendency of nuclear medicine development towards personalized medicine.

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