Neutralization of vascular endothelial growth factor antiangiogenic isoforms or administration of proangiogenic isoforms stimulates vascular development in the rat testis

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a role in both angiogenesis and seminiferous cord formation, and alternative splicing of theVegfagene produces both proangiogenic isoforms and antiangiogenic isoforms (B-isoforms). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of pro- and antiangiogenic isoforms during testis development and to determine the role of VEGFA isoforms in testis morphogenesis. Quantitative RT-PCR determined thatVegfa_165bmRNA was most abundant between embryonic days 13.5 and 16 (E13.5 and 16;P<0.05). Compared with ovarian mRNA levels,Vegfa_120was more abundant at E13–14 (P<0.05),Vegfa_164was less abundant at E13 (P<0.05), andVegfa_165btended to be less abundant at E13 (P<0.09) in testes. Immunohistochemical staining localized antiangiogenic isoforms to subsets of germ cells at E14–16, and western blot analysis revealed similar protein levels for VEGFA_165B, VEGFA_189B, and VEGFA_206B at this time point. Treatment of E13 organ culture testes with VEGFA_120, VEGFA_164, and an antibody to antiangiogenic isoforms (anti-VEGFAxxxB) resulted in less organized and defined seminiferous cords compared with paired controls. In addition, 50 ng/ml VEGFA_120 and VEGFA_164 treatments increased vascular density in cultured testes by 60 and 48% respectively, and treatment with VEGFAxxxB antibody increased vascular density by 76% in testes (0.5 ng/ml) and 81% in ovaries (5 ng/ml) compared with controls (P<0.05). In conclusion, both pro- and antiangiogenic VEGFA isoforms are involved in the development of vasculature and seminiferous cords in rat testes, and differential expression of these isoforms may be important for normal gonadal development.

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Pulmonary Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Sepsis

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2003-127-0331-peoveg ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 127 (3) ◽

pp. 331-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael Tsokos ◽

Thomas Pufe ◽

Friedrich Paulsen ◽

Sven Anders ◽

Rolf Mentlein

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Alveolar Macrophages ◽

Sepsis Group ◽

Normal Lung ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Vegf Expression ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Context.—Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an angiogenic and chemotactic peptide, is abundantly expressed in normal lung tissue, especially in alveolar and bronchial epithelium, glandular cells of the bronchi, and activated alveolar macrophages. Objective.—To investigate the role of VEGF in progressively impaired lung function as the major complication and cause of death in septic patients. Materials and Methods.—We evaluated pulmonary VEGF expression in lung autopsy material from septic patients who had been cared for by intensive care medicine using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunohistochemical methods. Results.—Compared with expression in nonseptic control individuals (n = 10), pulmonary VEGF expression as determined by ELISA was significantly (P < .001) decreased in septic patients (n = 8). As monitored by RT-PCR, mRNA for the 2 splice variants, VEGF121 and VEGF165, and for VEGFR-2/KDR were expressed in both groups, the yields being lower in the sepsis group. Samples from septic patients lacked or showed only sparse immunoreaction on bronchial and alveolar epithelium, whereas this reaction was strong in all control samples. However, alveolar macrophages were similarly immunopositive in both groups. Conclusions.—The precise underlying mechanisms for the distinctly different expression of pulmonary VEGF in septic patients and nonseptic control individuals are not clear at present. Particularly the role of VEGF in the development of sepsis-induced lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients suffering from severe sepsis remains to be clarified.

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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, and Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Expression in the Neovascular Iris in Retinal Diseases

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2018/8025951 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Heng Miao ◽

Xianru Hou ◽

De-Kuang Hwang ◽

Yong Tao

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Objective. To determine the expression of cytokines in the iris of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods. Patients with NVG associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR, group 1) or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO, group 2) who had undergone surgical treatment were enrolled. Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma requiring surgical treatment were included in the control group (group 3). All iris specimens were obtained during trabeculectomy, 7 days after intravitreal injections of ranibizumab. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of three target cytokines—vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF)—in the iris were analyzed and compared. Results. We included 39 eyes from 39 patients (12, 15, and 12 in groups 1, 2, and 3, resp.). The protein and mRNA levels of PEDF were higher in two NVG groups. The protein levels, but not mRNA level, of bFGF were higher in the two NVG groups. The protein and mRNA levels of VEGF were similar in the three groups. Conclusions. The protein level of bFGF increased in the irises of the NVG patients was not expressed by the iris itself, whereas PEDF may be expressed by the iris tissue in these patients.

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Role of the Heparin Binding Domain in the Clearance and Localization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/s0735-1097(97)88004-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 461A ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P Kimson

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Binding Domain ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Heparin Binding ◽

Heparin Binding Domain ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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New insights on the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in biliary pathophysiology

JHEP Reports ◽

10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100251 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 100251

Author(s):

Valeria Mariotti ◽

Romina Fiorotto ◽

Massimiliano Cadamuro ◽

Luca Fabris ◽

Mario Strazzabosco

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Human Embryo Implantation: Clinical Implications

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11020253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

Xi Guo ◽

Hong Yi ◽

Tin Chiu Li ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Huilin Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Recurrent Miscarriage ◽

Embryo Implantation ◽

Critical Role ◽

Angiogenic Factor ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well-known angiogenic factor that plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological processes. VEGF also contributes to the process of embryo implantation by enhancing embryo development, improving endometrial receptivity, and facilitating the interactions between the developing embryo and the endometrium. There is a correlation between the alteration of VEGF expression and reproductive failure, including recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent miscarriage (RM). In order to clarify the role of VEGF in embryo implantation, we reviewed recent literature concerning the expression and function of VEGF in the reproductive system around the time of embryo implantation and we provide a summary of the findings reported so far. We also explored the effects and the possible underlying mechanisms of action of VEGF in embryo implantation.

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