scholarly journals Autophagy is activated in the ovarian tissue of polycystic ovary syndrome

Reproduction ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Li ◽  
Yue You ◽  
Fang-Fang Bi ◽  
Tie-Ning Zhang ◽  
Jiao Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Response To Stress

The importance of autophagy in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related metabolic disorders is increasingly being recognized, but few studies have investigated the role of autophagy in PCOS. Here, transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that autophagy was enhanced in the ovarian tissue from both humans and rats with PCOS. Consistent with this, ovarian granulosa cells from PCOS rats showed increases in the autophagy marker protein light chain 3B (LC3B), whereas levels of the autophagy substrate SQSTM1/p62 were decreased. In addition, the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I was markedly elevated in human PCOS ovarian tissue compared with normal ovarian tissue. Real-time PCR arrays indicated that 7 and 34 autophagy-related genes were down- and up-regulated in human PCOS , Signal-Net, and regression analysis suggested that there are a wide range of interactions among these 41 genes, and a potential network based on EGFR, ERBB2, FOXO1, MAPK1, NFKB1, IGF1, TP53 and MAPK9 may be responsible for autophagy activation in PCOS. Systematic functional analysis of 41 differential autophagy-related genes indicated that these genes are highly involved in specific cellular processes such as response to stress and stimulus, and are linked to four significant pathways, including the insulin, ERBB, mTOR signaling pathways and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. This study provides evidence for a potential role of autophagy disorders in PCOS in which autophagy may be an important molecular event in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

scholarly journals Anti-Mullerian hormone and polycystic ovary syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Igor Pavlovich Nikolaenkov ◽  
Vladimir Vsevolodovich Potin ◽  
Marina Anatol’evna Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common form of normogonadotropic ovarian insufficiency, hyperandrogenaemy and anovulation sterility. One of the probable causes of this disease is disturbance of folliculogenesis, which is accompanied by overproduction of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) by ovarian tissue. There is a literature review about structure, biological properties and the role of AMH in pathogenesis of PCOS in this article.

scholarly journals Investigating the Role of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Apium graveolens and Cinnamon zeylanicum on Metabolically Change and Ovarian Oxidative Injury in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Khodaeifar ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Fazljou ◽  
Arash Khaki ◽  
Mohammadali Torbati ◽  
Elahe Olad Saheb Madarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Cinnamon Zeylanicum

Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the role of the hydroalcoholic extract of Apium graveolens and Cinnamon zeylanicum on metabolically change and ovarian oxidative injury in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, 64 female Wistar rats with breeding were used including the following groups (G): (I) G1: healthy control; (II) G2: PCOS which received no therapy; (III) G3: PCOS + A. graveolens; (IV) G4: A. graveolens; (V) G5: PCOS + C. zeylanicum; (VI) G6: no PCOS + C. zeylanicum; (VII) G7: PCOS + C. zeylanicum and A. graveolens; and (VIII) G8: C. zeylanicum and A. graveolens. The PCOS was induced by a single dose of the intramuscularly injected estradiol valerate (16 mg/ kg). After 14 days, the animals were anesthetized, then their plasma samples were used to check the blood sugar (BS), insulin, and lipid profile. The ovaries of the rats were removed and fixed for histopathological assessment. In addition, the oxidative stress marker in ovarian tissue was evaluated. Results: The levels of BS, insulin, and lipid profile in plasma significantly enhanced in G2 (P < 0.05) while decreasing significantly in the therapy groups, (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant decline was observed in the serum level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in G2 (P < 0.05) while it enhanced significantly in the therapeutic animals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a negative change was found in the PCOS group on the ovarian tissue. Besides the oxidative stress enhanced in this tissue while in the treated groups this change was improved. Conclusions: Generally, it was revealed that the extract of A. graveolens and C. zeylanicum had a useful impact on regulating the serum levels of fast blood sugar (FBS), insulin, lipid profile, and oxidative stress markers in the palliation of the PCOS complications.

scholarly journals The Role of medicinal herbs in treatment of insulin resistance in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ashkar ◽  
Shahla Rezaei ◽  
Sara Salahshoornezhad ◽  
Farhad Vahid ◽  
Maryam Gholamalizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Mentha Spicata

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine abnormalities in women. Due to the side effects of drugs, the tendency to use natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents to regulate metabolism, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia in PCOS patients has been increased. This review aimed to investigate the role of herbal substances on the treatment of PCOS.MethodsThe present review was carried out using keywords such as polycystic ovary syndrome and/or PCOS and/or herb. Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct were used to collect all related articles published from 1990 to 2019. We excluded studies unrelated to the PCOS and medical herbs.ResultsOverall, 361 records were identified through database searching. After primary screening and the full-texts assessment, 323 records were excluded, and 38 articles were finally included. The results indicate that some medicinal herbs may have a key role in treating PCOS. The compounds in these medical herbs can affect lipid profiles (Aloe vera, chamomile, and cinnamon), insulin resistance (cinnamon, chamomile, Aloe vera, and Camellia sinensis), blood glucose (Aloe vera, cinnamon, and Camellia sinensis), hormones (Aloe vera, silymarin, chamomile, fenugreek, Camellia sinensis, Heracleum persicum, Potentilla, Mentha spicata, Foeniculum vulgar, licorice, and Marrubium), and ovarian tissue (Aloe vera, chamomile, Camellia sinensis, Mentha spicata, and silymarin).ConclusionNatural substances such as Aloe vera, cinnamon, green tea, fenugreek, and silymarin can be used as a new supportive care for PCOS. Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm their benefits and safety.

Potential role of retinoids in ovarian physiology and pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwen Jiang ◽  
Chunjin Li ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Fengge Wang ◽  
Xu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Serum miRNAs in women affected by hyperandrogenic polycystic ovary syndrome: the potential role of miR-155 as a biomarker for monitoring the estroprogestinic treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 704-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Arancio ◽  
Marco Calogero Amato ◽  
Miriam Magliozzo ◽  
Giuseppe Pizzolanti ◽  
Rosalia Vesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Serum Mirnas

scholarly journals The potential role of bisphenol A in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Rutkowska ◽  
Kamila Wilczewska ◽  
Lukasz Laczmanski ◽  
Justyna Kuliczkowska ◽  
Agnieszka Lenarcik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

The role of vitamin D in metabolic and reproductive disturbances of polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative mini-review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniela Menichini ◽  
Gianpiero Forte ◽  
Beatrice Orrù ◽  
Giuseppe Gullo ◽  
Vittorio Unfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Beneficial Role

Abstract. Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that plays a pivotal role in several metabolic and reproductive pathways in humans. Increasing evidence supports the role of vitamin D deficiency in metabolic disturbances and infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Indeed, supplementation with vitamin D seems to have a beneficial role on insulin resistance and endometrial receptivity. On the other hand, exceedingly high levels of vitamin D appear to play a detrimental role on oocytes development and embryo quality. In the current review, we summarize the available evidence about the topic, aiming to suggest the best supplementation strategy in women with PCOS or, more generally, in those with metabolic disturbances and infertility. Based on the retrieved data, vitamin D seems to have a beneficial role on IR, insulin sensitivity and endometrial receptivity, but high levels and incorrect timing of administration seem to have a detrimental role on oocytes development and embryo quality. Therefore, we encourage a low dose supplementation (400–800 IU/day) particularly in vitamin D deficient women that present metabolic disturbances like PCOS. As far as the reproductive health, we advise vitamin D supplementation in selected populations, only during specific moments of the ovarian cycle, to support the luteal phase. However, ambiguities about dosage and timing of the supplementation still emerge from the clinical studies published to date and further studies are required.

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