scholarly journals ADVERSITY IN PREGNANCY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN HIV-POSITIVE PREGNANT WOMEN AND PREGNANT WOMEN WITHOUT ASSOCIATED MEDICAL CONDITION

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pereira ◽  
Maria Cristina Canavarro
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
In Pregnancy

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IODINE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY, SPORADIC GOITRE AND THYROTOXICOSIS

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Aboul-Khair ◽  
J. Crooks
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Deficiency State ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Studies of iodine metabolism have been carried out in 15 pregnant women, 33 cases with sporadic goitre and 11 with thyrotoxicosis. A low plasma inorganic iodine was common to the three groups. In pregnancy and sporadic goitre the thyroid clearance of iodine was elevated and the absolute iodine uptake normal. A high thyroid clearance of iodine in thyrotoxicosis was associated with a high absolute iodine uptake. The results suggest that both pregnancy and sporadic goitre are physiological responses to an iodine deficiency state while the iodine deficiency state of thyrotoxicosis is secondary to increased thyroid activity.

scholarly journals Re: Chorioamnionitis in pregnancy: a comparative study of HIV-positive and HIV-negative parturients

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-102
Author(s):  
Amaka N Ocheke ◽  
Patricia A Agaba ◽  
Godwin E Imade ◽  
Olugbenga A Silas ◽  
Olanrewaju I Ajetunmobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Hiv Negative

scholarly journals Anxiety and depression in pregnancy: prevalence and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muktar Ahmed Gadanya ◽  
Aisha Aliyu Abulfathi ◽  
Fatima Adam Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Depression In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy is not considered as a pathological state, however pregnancy heightens the vulnerability to emotional and psychological condition such as anxiety and depression. Untreated depression and anxiety during pregnancy may have negative effects on both the mother and the fetus. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Cross sectional descriptive study using systematic sampling technique was used to collect data among 297 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 6.0). About one-third of the respondents were in the age group 20- 25 years. The prevalence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy were found to be 23.2% and 26.6% respectively. Risk factors that were significantly associated with anxiety during pregnancy were co-morbid depression during pregnancy (P=0.01), and partner abuse (P=0.04), with 37.5% anxious among those abused compared to 21.5% among those not abused. Risk factors associated with depression during pregnancy were co-existing medical condition (P=0.04) with 45.7% of respondents with coexisting medical condition found to be depressed compared to 24.0% without co-existing medical condition. Anxiety and depression in pregnancy were found to be prevalent among the study subjects. Measures to detect anxiety and depression during pregnancy especially in those with risk factors should be introduced during routine antenatal care.

scholarly journals Chorioamnionitis in pregnancy: a comparative study of HIV-positive and HIV-negative parturients

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaka N Ocheke ◽  
Patricia A Agaba ◽  
Godwin E Imade ◽  
Olugbenga A Silas ◽  
Olanrewaju I Ajetunmobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Hiv Negative

scholarly journals Syphilis in pregnancy: The menace continues to haunt

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-436
Author(s):  
Manisha Jhirwal ◽  
Charu Sharma ◽  
Shashank Shekhar ◽  
Apoorva Tak ◽  
Poonam Elhance
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Diagnostic Workup ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
In Pregnancy

Syphilis in pregnancy remains an important medical condition due to its adverse perinatal consequences and potential to cause congenital syphilis. The cases of congenital syphilis have been reported worldwide as there is increase in cases of syphilis in women. We hereby present a case of 34-year-old multigravida who was diagnosed with syphilis during her first antenatal visit in second trimester and managed. The baby did not show any signs of congenital syphilis. This report highlights the diagnostic workup, management and possible complications of syphilis in pregnancy.  Universal screening of all pregnant women at first antenatal visit with a non-treponemal test should be used for screening for syphilis in pregnancy.

A randomized controlled trial of azithromycin and sulphadoxine–pyrimethamine as prophylaxis against malaria in pregnancy among human immunodeficiency virus–positive women

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 463-470
Author(s):  
Oriyomi Akinyotu ◽  
Folasade Bello ◽  
Rukiyat Abdus-Salam ◽  
Ayodele Arowojolu
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in pregnancy are important and major contributing factors to maternal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention of malaria in HIV-positive pregnant woman will reduce the burden of malaria–HIV comorbidity. The objective of this study was to compare effects and safety of azithromycin (AZ) with sulphadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in HIV-positive pregnant women. Methods We performed a randomized, controlled, open-label pregnancy trial of 140 HIV-positive pregnant patients attending antenatal clinics at the University College Hospital and Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Participants were enrolled from a gestational age of 16 weeks and randomized to receive AZ or SP. The primary outcome was peripheral parasitaemia at delivery. Secondary outcomes were drug tolerability, foetal outcome and birthweight. The χ2 test (or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate) and Student’s t test were used in the per-protocol analysis. The level of statistical significance was p<0.05. Results A total of 123 participants (87.9%) completed the study: 60 participants received AZ and 63 received SP. The incidence of malaria parasitaemia at delivery in the AZ group was 6 (10.0%), compared with 7 (11.1%) in the SP group (relative risk 0.89 [95% confidence interval 0.28 to 2.82], p=0.84). Placental parasitization was demonstrated in 1 (1.6%) participant in the SP group compared with 3 (5.0%) in the AZ group (p=0.36). Conclusions The findings suggest that AZ is comparable to SP in malaria prevention and safety in HIV-positive pregnant women.

scholarly journals Self-efficacy and antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV positive pregnant women in South-West Nigeria: a mixed methods study

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwabusayo H. Aregbesola ◽  
Ikeola A. Adeoye
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: In Nigeria, an estimated 60,000 paediatric HIV infections occur annually mainly through mother-to-child transmission.  Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy is crucial in preventing new paediatric HIV infections. We investigated HIV-treatment adherence self-efficacy and ART adherence among HIV-positive pregnant women in South-West Nigeria.Methods: A mixed method approach was employed using a sequential explanatory strategy in which HIV-positive pregnant women were recruited from three facilities providing Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) services. Self-efficacy and adherence were assessed using the HIV-Treatment Adherence Self-efficacy Scale and the Centre for Adherence Support Evaluation Index Tool, respectively. A focus group discussion and key informant interviews were used to explore barriers and motivating factors to ART adherence in pregnancy. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression at 5% significance level, while thematic content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. Results: A total of 126 women participated in the study. The mean age and mean gestational age of respondents were 32.7 ± 4.58 years and 24.4 ± 7.41 weeks, respectively. The prevalence of good adherence and HIV-treatment adherence self-efficacy were 70.6% and 26.2%, respectively. Low self-efficacy (OR=0.2, 95%CI=0.05– 0.53, p<0.05) was statistically associated with poor adherence. Planned pregnancy (OR=3.1, 95%CI=1.23-7.72, P<0.05) increased the likelihood for ART adherence. Looking healthier and protecting unborn babies were motivators to adherence while stigmatization and negative spousal influences were barriers to adherence.Conclusion: Low HIV-treatment adherence self-efficacy was related to poor adherence in pregnancy. Interventions aimed at improving adherence in pregnancy should also focus on HIV-treatment adherence self-efficacy.

TO REVIEW THE TIMING OF INTERVENTION WHICH WILL PROVIDE THE BEST OUTCOME IN HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PREGNANCY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Archana Mohana ◽  
Dr. Sujata Badoniya
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Thyroxine Therapy ◽  
In Pregnancy

The Aim of this study is to Review the timing of intervention which will provide the Best Outcome in Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy. Hypothyroid pregnant women are appropriately managed with regular antenatal checkup and thyroxine therapy during pregnancy, a good maternal and fetal outcome can be achieved and congenital cretinism and other neuro developmental sequele in the offspring can be averted. Keywords: Intervention, Hyperthyroidism, Pregnancy & Thyroid disease.

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