scholarly journals Infantile hemangioma: a brief review

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madalina Bota ◽  
Gheorghe Popa ◽  
Cristina Blag ◽  
Alexandru Tataru
Keyword(s):  
Infantile Hemangioma ◽  
Controversial Issue ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Target Therapies

Infantile hemangiomas as frequent infancy tumors have been a controversial issue of medical scientists worldwide. Their clinical aspects are various and their physiopathology is yet to be fully understood. Numerous publications outline the characteristics, causes, evolution possibilities and therapeutic approaches. Deciding whether to treat or not is the main question of this kind of pathology. Hemangiomas that have complications or can cause irreversible damage need therapy. This is a brief review of up-to-date information regarding the presentation of infantile hemangiomas and target-therapies.

Preservation-induced liver injury. Clinical aspects, mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Chazouillères ◽  
Yvon Calmus ◽  
Michael Vaubourdolle ◽  
François Ballet
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches

scholarly journals Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of interaction between coronavirus disease 2019 and thyroid

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
V.I. Pankiv ◽  
N.V. Pashkovska ◽  
I.V. Pankiv ◽  
V.A. Maslyanko ◽  
I.O. Tsaryk
Keyword(s):  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Replacement ◽  
Ongoing Assessment

In patients who were not previously diagnosed with any thyroid conditions, the scenario of COVID-19 related anomalies of the thyroid may include either: a process of central thyroid-stimulating hormone disturbances via virus‑related hypophysitis; an atypical type of subacute thyroiditis which is connected to the virus spread or to excessive cytokine production including a destructive process with irreversible damage to the gland or low triiodothyronine syndrome (non-thyroidal illness syndrome) which is not specifically related to the COVID‑19 infection, but which is associated with a very severe illness status. This review aimed to investigate thyroid changes resulted from the COVID-19 infection. Ongoing assessment of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will reveal more information on coronavirus-induced thyroid conditions. Routine thyroid assays performed in patients with severe infection/acute phase of COVID-19 are encouraged to detect thyrotoxicosis. After recovery, thyroid function should be assessed to identify potential hypothyroidism. There remain unanswered questions related to the predictive value of interleukin-6 in infected patients, especially in cases of cytokine storm, and the necessity of thyroid hormone replacement in subjects with hypophysitis-related central hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Review of the epidemiology and burden of ulcerative colitis in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175628482093173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Gustavo Kotze ◽  
Flavio Steinwurz ◽  
Carlos Francisconi ◽  
Cyrla Zaltman ◽  
Marcia Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Extensive Disease ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been reported to be rising in newly industrialised regions, such as Latin America. Here, we review data from published studies reporting demographics and clinical aspects of UC in Latin America to further understand epidemiology and disease burden. The incidence and prevalence of UC in Latin America varied between regions and studies, ranging between 0.04 to 8.00/100,000 and 0.23 to 76.1/100,000, respectively, and generally increased over the period from 1986 to 2015. The majority of patients with UC were female (53.6–72.6%) and urban residents (77.8–97.4%). Extraintestinal manifestations were reported in approximately 26–89.4% of patients. Use of biologic therapies was generally low (0.8–16.2%), with the exception of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, with a greater proportion of patients tending to receive 5-aminosalicylates, immunosuppressants or corticosteroids; colectomy rates varied between studies (1.5–22%). A high proportion of patients had moderate to severe UC (45.9–73.0%) and, in 11 of 19 studies, the greatest proportion of patients had extensive disease (pancolitis). Colorectal cancer (0–1.7%) and mortality rates (0–7.6%) were low. This evaluation of published studies may influence therapeutic approaches and the development of strategies to improve healthcare access and patient outcomes, although further high-quality studies are required in patients with UC in Latin America.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Cardiotoxicity: Understanding Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Characteristics and Finding a Cure

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Waliany ◽  
Daniel Lee ◽  
Ronald M. Witteles ◽  
Joel W. Neal ◽  
Patricia Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Self Tolerance

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) attenuate mechanisms of self-tolerance in the immune system, enabling T cell responses to cancerous tissues and revolutionizing care for cancer patients. However, by loweringbarriers against self-reactivity, ICIs often result in varying degrees of autoimmunity. Cardiovascular complications, particularly myocarditis but also arrhythmias, pericarditis, and vasculitis, have emerged as significant complications associated with ICIs. In this review, we examine the clinical aspects and basic science principles that underlie ICI-associated myocarditis and other cardiovascular toxicities. In addition, we discuss current therapeutic approaches. We believe a better mechanistic understanding of ICI-associated toxicities can lead to improved patient outcomes by reducing treatment-related morbidity.

scholarly journals Antiviral Immunity in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: From Protective to Deleterious Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2578
Author(s):  
Grigore Mihaescu ◽  
Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc ◽  
Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu ◽  
Marian Constantin ◽  
Roxana Filip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antiviral Immunity ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Active Immunity

After two previous episodes, in 2002 and 2012, when two highly pathogenic coronaviruses (SARS, MERS) with a zoonotic origin emerged in humans and caused fatal respiratory illness, we are today experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic produced by SARS-CoV-2. The main question of the year 2021 is if naturally- or artificially-acquired active immunity will be effective against the evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants. This review starts with the presentation of the two compartments of antiviral immunity—humoral and cellular, innate and adaptive—underlining how the involved cellular and molecular actors are intrinsically connected in the development of the immune response in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Then, the SARS-CoV-2 immunopathology, as well as the derived diagnosis and therapeutic approaches, will be discussed.

Pediatric IgA nephropathies: clinical aspects and therapeutic approaches

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel M Delos Santos ◽  
Robert J Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches

Suicidal older people in clinical and community settings

2021 ◽  
pp. 621-642
Author(s):  
Diego De Leo ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
Karolina Krysinska
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Age Related ◽  
General Decline ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
The Many

Despite the general decline in the number of suicides in the world, suicide rates among older adults remain the highest in most countries. Unfortunately, suicide in late life also remains a somewhat neglected topic, and ageistic visions of age-related problems often make suicidal behaviour a justifiable choice. This chapter examines the most important clinical aspects of suicidal behaviours among older adults, offering an overview of the many risk factors: from the role of depression and other mental disorders to the frequent physical diseases that accumulate at advanced age, plus a number of conditions typical of old age such as retirement or relocation to a nursing home. Main therapeutic approaches and elements of prevention at various levels (universal, selective, indicated) are also presented and discussed.

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